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The Jhus Canyon area, located on the northeastern flank of the Chiricahua Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona, contains rock units from Precambrian to Mid-Tertiary in age. Precambrian granite, Paleozoic and Early Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, and Late Cretaceous(?) andesitic lava flows have been intruded by a complex Mid-Tertiary stock. The youngest rocks present are Mid-to-Late Tertiary rhyolite dikes. The effects of hydrothermal alteration are conspicuous both within and adjacent to the stock. The igneous rocks of the stock display propylitic, argillic, and phyllic alteration. Sedimentary hosts were altered to skarn, hornfels, and marble. Silicification is prominent in both the igneous and sedimentary rock types. Pyrite is the most abundant sulfide mineral in the area, but minor amounts of chalcopyrite and molybdenite are also present. The existing level of erosion is believed to expose the most intense and extensive alteration and mineralization that developed. No ore deposit is thought to exist here, but molybdenum values from rock chip samples suggest that the southwestern lobe of the stock is worthy of closer examination, especially for skarn occurrences. Mineralization in the nearby Hilltop Mine area is not related to the Jhus Canyon Stock, and its ore potential must be evaluated independently.

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The Late Mesozoic Bisbee basin of southeastern Arizona was an intracratonic back-arc rift basin. Extension was coupled with seafloor spreading in the Gulf of Mexico and back-arc extension behind a magmatic arc along the convergent Pacific continental margin. Tectonostratigraphic evolution of the basin occurred in three phases. Initial mid-Jurassic rifting of the basin, marked by eruption of the Canelo Hills Volcanics, may have been complicated by sinistral strike-slip motion along the Mojave-Sonora megashear. During continued rifting, from latest Jurassic to Early Cretaceous time, the Glance Conglomerate was deposited by alluvial fans and braided streams in grabens, half-grabens, and caldera-related depressions; locally interbedded volcanic rocks represent waning rift-related back-arc magmatism. The upper Bisbee Group was deposited during Early to earliest Late Cretaceous passive thermotectonic subsidence. The Bisbee Group and correlative strata occur in most mountain ranges in southeastern Arizona, and are subdivided into southeastern, northwestern, northern, and western facies. Southeastern facies were deposited in alluvial fan, meandering fluvial, estuarine, marginal marine and subtidal shelf environments as a transgressive-regressive sequence including a marine interval that was continuous with Gulf Coast assemblages during Aptian-Albian marine transgression. Northern facies were deposited in alluvial fan and braided stream environments along the northern rift shoulder of the basin. Southeastern and northern facies sandstones are dominantly quartzose, and were derived mainly from cratonic sources to the north. Subordinate volcaniclastic sandstones in the southeastern facies become more abundant to the west, proximal to eroding Jurassic and Cretaceous volcanic arcs. Basal northwestern facies arkosic strata deposited in alluvial fan, braided stream and lacustrine environments were derived from local basement uplifts, and were ponded in a northwestern depocenter by rift-related topography. A thin estuarine interval within overlying dominantly fluvial facies indicates integration of regional drainage networks by the time of maximum transgression. Transition upward to quartzose sandstone compositions reflects wearing down of local basement uplifts and increasing abundance of craton-derived sediment in the northwestern part of the basin. Western facies alluvial fan, braided stream and lacustrine intramontane deposits are composed of locally-derived arkose and lithic arkose.

The South Mountains are composed of two fundamentally different terranes. The western half of the range consists of Precambrian metamorphic and granitic rocks, whereas the eastern half is dominated by a composite middle Tertiary pluton. North-northwest-trending, middle Tertiary dikes have extensively intruded both terranes. A major episode of middle Proterozoic metamorphism and deformation produced a steep crystalloblastic foliation that generally strikes northeast. Middle Tertiary plutonism was accompanied by intense mylonitization that affected Precambrian and middle Tertiary rocks alike. Discrete phases of mylonitization were associated with each intrusive pulse between 28 and 25 m.y.B.P. Mylonitization generally produced a lowangle foliation and east-northeast-trending lineation. The attitude of mylonitic foliation defines a broad, east-northeast-trending anticline that controls the topographic axis of the range. Structurally low rocks in the core of the anticline are nonmylonitic, but intensity of mylonitic fabric increases progressively toward higher structural levels. Mylonitic Tertiary plutonic rocks are exposed as a gently dipping carapace overlying their less deformed equivalents. Mylonitic fabric cuts through the Precambrian terrane as a broad, west-dipping zone. Rocks above and below this mylonitic zone are lithologically identical and mostly retain their Precambrian structure. Fabrics in all rock types indicate that mylonitization resulted from extension parallel to east-northeast-trending lineation and flattening perpendicular to subhorizontal foliation. Mylonitization occurred under conditions of elevated temperature but relatively low confining pressure. Gold-bearing quartz veins occur in tension fractures that are late- to post-kinematic with respect to mylonitic deformation. Mylonitization was succeeded by more brittle deformation that produced chloritic breccia and microbreccia in the footwall of a major detachment fault that dips gently to the east. The detachment fault and underlying breccia were formed by normal faulting and brittle extension in an east-northeast direction. Rocks above and immediately below the detachment fault were antithetically rotated during faulting. Mylonitization, detachment faulting, and formation of the main east-northeast-trending anticline are all manifestations of eastnortheast-directed, middle Tertiary extension. Evidence for a possible continuum between mylonitization and detachment faulting has important implications regarding the evolution of Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes.