Background: Goal setting is accepted ‘best practice’ in stroke rehabilitation however, there is no consensus about what the key components of goal setting interventions are, how they should be optimally delivered in practice and how best to involve stroke survivors in the process. This PhD by publication describes the development and initial evaluation of a theory-based goal setting and action planning framework (G-AP) to guide goal setting practice in community based stroke rehabilitation settings. Included studies: The Medical Research Council (MRC) framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions guided the development and conduct of a programme of research which included the following studies: (i) a review of the literature to identify theories of behaviour change with most potential to inform goal setting practice (Paper 1) (ii) a causal modelling exercise to map identified theoretical constructs onto a goal setting process and convening of a multi-disciplinary task group to develop the theoretical process into a Goal setting and Action Planning (G-AP) practice framework (Paper 2) (iii) a process evaluation of the G-AP framework in one community rehabilitation team (Paper 3) (iv) a United Kingdom (UK) wide survey to investigate the nature of services providing community based stroke rehabilitation across the UK and what goal setting practice is in these settings in order to understand the context into which an evaluation of the G-AP framework could be introduced (Paper 4) Main Findings: The review of the literature identified three theories of behaviour change that offered most potential to inform goal setting practice: Social Cognitive Theory, Health Action Process Approach and Goal Setting Theory. These theories contained constructs directly relevant to the goal setting practice: self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, goal attributes, action planning, coping planning and appraisal and feedback. The causal modelling and Task group exercise: (i) Informed development of the G-AP framework into a four stage, cyclical process that included (i) goal negotiation and setting (ii) planning and measuring confidence (iii) action and (iv) appraisal, feedback and decision making. (ii) Proposed mechanisms of action: successful completion of action plans resulting in incremental improvements in goal sub-skills and self-efficacy. (iii) Predicted outcomes G-AP was likely to impact on: goal attainment and improved rehabilitation outcomes. The process evaluation suggested that each stage of the G-AP framework had a distinct purpose and made a useful contribution to the overall process. Overall, G-AP was acceptable and feasible to use but implementation of novel aspects of the framework (coping planning and measuring confidence) was inconsistent and health professionals had concerns about the potential impact of unmet goals on patients’ wellbeing. Patient reports suggested that (i) the experience of goal non-attainment could facilitate adjustment to limitations resulting from stroke and (ii) feeling involved in the goal setting process can incorporate both patient-led and professional-led approaches. The survey findings highlighted the variability that exists in community based stroke rehabilitation services in the UK (e.g. the patients they see; the input they provide). Goal setting is reportedly used with all or most stroke survivors in these services; however, practice is variable and may be sub-optimal. Conclusions: G-AP is the first practice framework which has been explicitly developed to guide health professionals through a systematic, theoretically based and patient centred goal setting process in community based stroke rehabilitation. G-AP is a cyclical process that that has four key stages, proposed mechanisms of action and has shown promise as an acceptable, feasible and effective framework to guide goal setting practice. The complexity that exists within community based stroke rehabilitation services, and the variability in usual goal setting practice used within them, should be considered when designing a study to evaluate the effectiveness of G-AP in routine practice.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1982. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING / Bibliography: leaves 126-134. / by Gerald Ramón Barber. / Ph.D.

Man, Chi Yan. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-41). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter Chapter 1: --- Introduction --- p.1 / Difficult goals in multiple-goal context --- p.1 / Multiple-goal achievement as a complex task --- p.2 / Moderating effect of cognitive flexibility --- p.4 / Moderating effect of multiple-goal efficacy --- p.5 / The model --- p.6 / Chapter Chapter 2: --- Study 1 --- p.8 / Method --- p.8 / Participants --- p.8 / Procedures --- p.8 / Measures --- p.8 / Analysis --- p.10 / Model testing --- p.12 / Hypotheses testing --- p.13 / Discussion --- p.14 / Chapter Chapter 3: --- Study 2 --- p.19 / Method --- p.19 / Participants --- p.19 / Task --- p.19 / Procedures --- p.22 / Measures --- p.23 / Analysis --- p.25 / Manipulation checks and other data inspection --- p.25 / Hypotheses testing --- p.32 / Discussion --- p.32 / Chapter Chapter 4: --- General discussion --- p.34 / Limitation --- p.34 / Implications --- p.35 / Conclusion --- p.37 / References --- p.38 / Appendix A --- p.42 / Appendix B --- p.43

The use of a structured goal setting program in injury rehabilitation has not been empirically tested, but many others have noted that its use could increase compliance. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a structured goal setting program on individuals' compliance to injury rehabilitation; secondly, to examine the hardiness levels of those individuals, and determine if there was a relationship between their levels of hardiness and compliance to the treatment. Individuals who sought services of Ball Memorial Hospital Health Strategies for a back injury (N = 15) participated by first completing the Personal Views Survey. Then, the control group ( = 6) completed their normal rehabilitation program, while the experimental group ( = 9) completed their rehabilitation program using a structured goal setting program. Finally, both groups completed a post-hardiness survey. The researcher found no significant difference in compliance rates between the two groups. All of the injured participants recorded moderate hardiness levels and a low correlation was observed between hardiness and compliance to treatment. / School of Physical Education

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Texas, Dec., 2007. / Title from title page display. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Riverside, 2009. / Includes abstract. Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 23, 2010). Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.

Thesis (MA (Counselling Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (D. Min.)--Western Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1996. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 291-295).

Thesis (M.S.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2008. / Directed by Diane L. Gill; submitted to the Dept. of Exercise & Sport Science. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Apr. 13, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-54).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.