Magister Legum - LLM / This study examined economic and government policies of South Africa on the one hand and that of Cameroon on the other hand. The focus was on specific periods after democratisation of both countries. For South Africa from 1994-2004 and for Cameroon from 1992-2004. Their comparatives economic strength in the face of foreign direct investment flow and the impact of government in attracting foreign direct investment was measured. / South Africa

This study examined economic and government policies of South Africa on the one hand and that of Cameroon on the other hand. The focus was on specific periods after democratisation of both countries. For South Africa from 1994-2004 and for Cameroon from 1992-2004. Their comparatives economic strength in the face of foreign direct investment flow and the impact of government in attracting foreign direct investment was measured.

This study examined economic and government policies of South Africa on the one hand and that of Cameroon on the other hand. The focus was on specific periods after democratisation of both countries. For South Africa from 1994-2004 and for Cameroon from 1992-2004. Their comparatives economic strength in the face of foreign direct investment flow and the impact of government in attracting foreign direct investment was measured.

The research critically assessed the KwaZulu-Natal School Library Policy and its feasibility for implementation in the province. In order to provide appropriate perspectives and to contextualise the study, accepted standards of good policy formulation were taken into account, and the educational challenges for the sector and the Library and Information Services field in which policy development and implementation take place were delineated. The study was guided by the following theoretical frameworks, namely a constructivist approach in interpreting and evaluating the role of school libraries within an education system based in constructivist principles, the traditional policy model to evaluate policy formulation and design, and a social constructionist view of policy in the interpreting of policy development and implementation. The epistemological basis for the Delphi technique too, the main methodology used in the study, was social constructivism. The Delphi technique combined expert opinion in order to determine the adequacy of the KwaZulu-Natal School Library Policy and to test the suitability of the policy for implementation in the province. The study set out to systematically collect and analyse the data needed to reflect on the research questions. A research design comprising two phases, with a mix of qualitative and quantitative methodologies was used to explore the research questions. Firstly the qualitative data collected from the Delphi panel's expert opinion and responses was interpreted to analyse the policy document critically and to assess its implementation strategy. Practical implementation problems were identified, as well as gaps in the policy that might necessitate revision. Secondly, quantitative data from an analysis of existing surveys, questionnaires and reports provided an overview of the current state of school library provisioning in the KwaZulu-Natal province, and the school library models already being implemented in the province were evaluated against this background. This study was undertaken in the belief that it would offer a fresh and objective response to the KZN School Library Policy and reflect in an informed manner on its adequacy as a policy document. The chosen methodologies and the data generated enabled the researcher to determine that the policy document and its implementation strategy met, to a large extent, the standards of good policy-making. Practical strategies for and solutions to the challenges of policy implementation in the province were generated. The research results provided sound guidelines for reviewing the policy and the implementation strategy and for developing a more comprehensive strategy for policy implementation which would in turn refine and refocus the provincial policy intervention. The study has brought to the fore several issues that need to be resolved to facilitate school library development in South Africa. These concerns include the lack of support and overall direction from the national Department of Education as manifested in its reluctance to finalise national school library policy, the importance of ICT as a learning tool to provide to all learners equal access to information and finally the general lack of human, physical and financial resources required to achieve satisfactory implementation of the policy. Partnerships and innovative service delivery solutions are required to address the backlog in school library provisioning, even if this intervention takes place initially only on a small scale. In keeping with interpretative research, recommendations are made and ideas put forward for future research. / Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2008.

published_or_final_version / Environmental Management / Master / Master of Science in Environmental Management

Orientadores: Leila da Costa Ferreira, Carlos Alfredo Joly / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T10:19:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barbi_Fabiana_D.pdf: 3791389 bytes, checksum: 643d52986788ca4e3ec62ffb7dc0af22 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O objetivo dessa tese é analisar como os tomadores de decisão têm se apropriado dos riscos das mudanças climáticas em suas políticas locais e na integração com as políticas existentes, em diferentes níveis de governança. Para analisar o processo de internalização dos riscos das mudanças climáticas em termos de respostas políticas ao problema pelos governos locais e metropolitano, construiu-se uma matriz analítica baseada em quatro pontos: riscos das mudanças climáticas na região; estruturas político-institucionais para a questão climática; respostas políticas relacionadas às mudanças climáticas e percepções dos atores governamentais acerca do tema. Essa matriz analítica foi concebida a partir dos capítulos teóricos e utilizada no estudo em profundidade na cidade de Santos, na Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista. Os resultados mostraram que essa região é bastante vulnerável aos riscos das mudanças climáticas e mostraram a existência de algumas ações governamentais relacionadas a essa questão em diferentes setores de atuação no nível local e metropolitano. Entretanto, nenhuma dessas ações está diretamente voltada a lidar com os riscos das mudanças climáticas, abordando essa questão de maneira tangencial. Os riscos das mudanças climáticas não estão sendo internalizados pelos governos em termos de respostas políticas, embora ações referentes a esses riscos sejam misturadas às respostas governamentais a outros problemas urbanos que possuem interface com a questão climática e podem ser exacerbados a partir das mudanças no clima. Na região estudada, os riscos das mudanças climáticas são internalizados como riscos naturais, isto é, as respostas políticas estão mais direcionadas aos riscos naturais do que aos riscos climáticos, não incorporando os cenários previstos de mudanças climáticas nas respostas governamentais. Os riscos das mudanças climáticas são produtos dos próprios processos de desenvolvimento das sociedades contemporâneas. Isso implica no questionamento desses processos. E isso, as políticas climáticas ou relacionadas às mudanças climáticas apresentadas nessa tese estão longe de lograr, ou seja, elas não vão ao cerne do problema, mas se configuram como paliativos que permitem manter os mesmos padrões de desenvolvimento conhecidos até aqui: poluidores e emissores de gases de efeito estufa / Abstract: The aim of this dissertation is to analyze how policy makers have internalized the risks of climate change in their local policies and have integrated them with existing policies at different levels of governance. In order to analyze the internalization process of climate change risks in terms of policy responses to the problem by local and metropolitan governments, an analytical matrix based on four points was constructed: the risks of climate change; political-institutional structures for the climate issue; climate-relate policy responses and the perceptions of governmental actors on the subject. This analytical matrix was based on the theoretical chapters and used in the in-depth study in the city of Santos, in the Santos Metropolitan Region. The results showed that this region is quite vulnerable to the risks of climate change and showed the existence of some government actions related to this issue in different sectors of activity, at the local and metropolitan levels. However, none of these actions is directly geared to deal with climate change risks, addressing them tangentially. The risks of climate change are not being internalized by governments in terms of policy responses, although actions related to these risks are mixed to other policy responses to urban problems that have interface with the climate issue and may be exacerbated by changes in the climate. In the study area, the risks of climate change are internalized as natural hazards, i.e., the political responses are more directed to natural hazards than to climate risks, without incorporating climate change scenarios into the political responses. Climate change risks are products of the development processes themselves in contemporary societies. This implies questioning these processes. The climate or climate-related policies presented in this thesis are far from achieving this, i.e., they do not go to the heart of the problem, but are configured as palliatives that allow the maintenance of the same development standards known so far: polluters and greenhouse gases emitters / Doutorado / Aspectos Sociais de Sustentabilidade e Conservação / Doutora em Ambiente e Sociedade

Recent reports have confirmed that Swedish adolescents read less every year. Because of these reports, Swedish governments have implemented regulations to provide directions and emphasize the importance of reading promotion. However, how much these regulations have affected the curriculum for upper secondary schools in general, and the English syllabus specifically, is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed firstly to analyze the responsibilities of English teachers at upper secondary school regarding reading promotion, and secondly to take a closer look at the practice of reading promotion in the English classroom. This was conducted in a combined-methods study. Firstly, a close reading and analysis of what signals governments and governmental agencies have been sending out regarding reading promotion were carried out, and of how visible these signals are in the curriculum/syllabus. Secondly, a survey was conducted asking EFL teachers in upper secondary school how they look upon their responsibilities in this regard and what they practice in class.  The results show that the curriculum of upper secondary school does not reflect the governments’ emphasis on reading promotion. Some guidelines are provided, but they are vague, and it is unclear if they are part of the English teacher’s responsibility. Despite the lack of emphasis on reading in the curriculum, the survey results show that the participating English teachers believe reading is important and work with reading promotion. However, the respondents stress that more resources for school libraries are needed to improve their work.

В современной экономике малое предпринимательство играет большую роль как в создании рабочих мест в регионах, так и в создании ВВП. Однако в России малое предпринимательство сталкивается со многими проблемами, поэтому необходимо понять, какие именно региональные факторы способствуют развитию малого бизнеса. Целью магистерской диссертации является разработка эконометрической модели для оценки влияния региональных факторов на развитие малого предпринимательства в регионах России. Анализ, проведенный в работе, основывается на изучении зарубежной и отечественной литературы по теме малого предпринимательства. В качестве источников информации использовались данные Федеральной службы государственной статистики, ФНС и Единой межведомственной информационно-статистической системы (ЕМИСС). В ходе написания магистерской диссертации была разработана и апробирована эконометрическая модель для оценки влияния региональных факторов на развитие малого предпринимательства в России и ее регионах, которая предназначена выявить, какие факторы являются основополагающими для развития малого предпринимательства в регионах России. Основываясь на полученные результаты исследования, были предложены рекомендации по совершенствованию государственной политики, направленной на стимулирование развития малого предпринимательства. / In nowadays economy small entrepreneurship play a huge role both in employment providing and contribution to GDP. However, small entrepreneurship in Russian economy faces many problems. That is why it is important to understand which regional factors particularly support small business development. The aim of the master thesis is to develop an econometric model for assessment of impact of regional factors on small entrepreneurship in Russian regions. The analysis, provided in the work, is based on Russian and foreign literature on the topic of small enterprises. As information sources Federal State Statistics Service, Federal Tax Service of Russia and Unified intra-departmental information-statistical system were used. During the work on master thesis an econometric model for assessment of regional factors influence on small entrepreneurship in Russia and its regions was developed and tested. The model is demanded to determine which factors are main for small entrepreneurship development in Russian regions. According to the results of research, recommendations on governmental policy improvement were suggested, which has to stimulate small business development.

The focus of the study was an evaluation of a pregnancy prevention program. The study was designed to look at the adolescent pregnant and parenting population in the Adolescent Family Life Program, which serves about 300 clients in Southern California.