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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Canibalismo e desempenho reprodutivo dos carunchos Sitophilus zeamais e Sitophilus granarius / Cannibalism and reproductive performance of the weevils Sitophilus zeamais and Sitophilus granarius

Bolívar Silva, Diego Andrés 19 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Reginaldo Soares de Freitas (reginaldo.freitas@ufv.br) on 2016-09-28T17:38:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 559341 bytes, checksum: 9275cc8dec1154628671bac48657c611 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-28T17:38:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 559341 bytes, checksum: 9275cc8dec1154628671bac48657c611 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / As condições ambientais experimentadas pelos organismos ao longo do seu desenvolvimento, quando existem recursos limitados, podem causar impactos consideráveis na reprodução. A competição larval em insetos granívoros, por exemplo, é fundamental como determinante de história de vida e comportamento destes organismos. Isto acontece porque o grão é um recurso limitado para larvas de diferentes insetos, por provocar uma forte pressão de competição. Alguns estudos demonstram interferência direta, via agressão e canibalismo, entre as larvas de caruncho-do-milho Sitophilus zeamais. Portanto, o objetivo foi avaliar as consequências potenciais do canibalismo entre larvas de S. zeamais e Sitophilus granarius em grãos de milho. O comportamento de canibalismo foi testado em grãos com densidade de um ovo e três ou mais ovos por grão. O peso, número, biomassa (peso diário emergido por casal) e tempo de emergência da prole foram as características avaliadas. Fêmeas acasaladas de mesma idade foram colocadas em potes com grãos de milho para oviposição. Após 10 dias da oviposição foi registrado o comportamento das larvas no interior dos grãos mediante imagens obtidas via raio-x digital, as quais foram usadas para verificar a presença ou ausência de canibalismo dentro de cada grão. Os adultos emergidos de cada tratamento foram mantidos em grãos de milho até acasalarem. A emergência dos adultos foi acompanhada diariamente durante trinta dias. O número e peso de cada inseto emergido foram registrados, além do tempo para emergir. Para as duas espécies, as larvas canibais emergiram em menor tempo comparado com as não canibais, e seus descendentes apresentaram maior número de indivíduos emergidos e menor tempo de emergência. Além disso, descendentes de canibais tiveram maior peso ao emergir comparado com os parentais não canibais na fase larval. A biomassa diária por casal foi significativamente maior para o tratamento canibal. O canibalismo mostrou um beneficio significativo no desempenho reprodutivo de S. zeamais, indicando impacto positivo no desenvolvimento e qualidade da prole. / Environmental conditions experienced by organisms throughout their development, when there are limited resources, can cause considerable impacts on reproduction. Larval competition in granivorous insects by example is a key determinant of life history and behavior of organisms. This is because grain is a limited resource to different insect larvae causing a strong competition pressure. Previous studies have shown direct interference, through aggression and cannibalism among the weevil larvae of Sitophilus zeamais. Therefore, our objective was to evaluate the potential consequences of cannibalism among larvae of S. zeamais and S. granarius in maize kernels. The cannibal behavior was tested at grain densities of one egg and three or more eggs per grain. The weight, number, biomass (daily weight emerged per couple) and offspring emergence were the characteristics evaluated. Mated females of the same age were placed in pots with maize grains for oviposition. After 10 days the eggs the behavior of the larvae inside the grains was recorded by means digital x-ray imaging, which were used to verify the presence or absence of cannibalism within each grain. The emerging adults from each treatment were maintained on maize kernels to mate. The adult emergence was monitored daily for thirty days. The number, weight and emerged insects were recorded through time. For both species, the cannibalistic larvae emerged faster compared to non- cannibals, and their offspring had higher number of emerged individuals. In addition, cannibal descendants had greater weight at emergence compared with non-parental cannibals in the larval stage. The daily biomass per couple was significantly higher for the cannibal treatment. Cannibalism showed a significant benefit in reproductive performance of S. zeamais and S. granarius, indicating positive impact on development and offspring quantitiy and quality.
2

A Study of the Association Between Two Weevils (Sitophilus oryza L., and Sitphilus granarius L.,) and the Micro-Organisms of their Mycetomes

Musgrave, Anthony 09 1900 (has links)
A biological investigation of the apparently intimate and mutually relationship exist­ing between certain plant-like micro-organisms and certain insects. The literature of the subject is briefly re­viewed and discussed and a critical appraisal of previous work is made. A problem, the association of certain micro-organisms with two species of grain feeding wee­vils, is discussed in greater detail and a method of approach is proposed and analysed. Studies of the micro-organisms in vivo and in vitro are described in conjunction with investigations, by experimental techniques, of the associa­tion of the micro-organisms and the weevils. Findings are discussed and conclusions are presented. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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