Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:12:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Marco Antonio Albuquerque de Araujo Lima.pdf: 1022139 bytes, checksum: 84ce3d60c48c765930941cc90fa271e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This dissertation assesses the impact of the Growth Convention on the creation of Brazil s National Bank for Economic and Social Development (BNDE) as well as the impact that the Growth Convention had on the strategies and programs of the BNDE from 1952 until 1978. Conversely, the dissertation also evaluates the influence that the BNDE had on the evolution of the Growth Convention over this period. Much of the information used to analyze the relationship between the BNDE and the Growth Convention was collected through personal interviews with individuals involved in the creation of the BNDE and the development of its policies. In discussing the BNDE s development from 1952 to 1978, this dissertation uncovers two significant findings. First, all of the administrations that governed Brazil during this period attempted to benefit from the BNDE, regardless of whether or not they were seen publicly as supportive of the BNDE. Second, by consistently producing high-quality work, the BNDE was able to gain the trust of the various administrations many of which were initially wary of the BNDE and enhance its own autonomy as an institution. Chapter one discusses the concepts and goals of the Growth Convention, a term coined by Brazilian economist Antonio Barros de Castro to describe the economic and social growth strategy in Brazil between 1930 and 1980. The chapter also draws upon the economic and philosophic theories of Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes to discuss the Growth Convention theories. Chapter two analyzes the impact that the military coup of April 1964 had on the BNDE personnel and its policies. Specifically, interviews with employees of the BNDE at the time of the coup illustrate that BNDE officials were concerned that the policies of the Castello Branco administration would jeopardize the Bank s economic and social development initiatives. Chapters three through five delve into three periods in the development of the BNDE. The first period described in chapter three begins with the foundation of the BNDE in 1952 and continues through the Plan of Goals formulated and implemented by the Bank during the Juscelino Kubitschek administration. Chapter four starts with the turbulent administration of J?nio Quadros and continues through the governments of Jango Goulart, Castello Branco, Costa e Silva, and M?dici, until October 1970, when Minister Reis Velloso appointed Marcos Vianna as President of the BNDE during the Economic Miracle. The common denominator of these very distinct administrations discussed in chapter four was that Brazil enjoyed widespread economic growth despite the fact that the country had abandoned the democratic process during this period. Another similarity among these administrations was that none of them adopted long-term growth strategies such as the Plan of Goals formulated during the Juscelino Kubitschek administration. Chapter five covers the eight year tenure (1970-1978) of Mr. Reis Velloso as Minister of Planning and Mr. Marcos Vianna as President of BNDE. It was during this period that the National Development Plan II was formulated and implemented, continuing Brazil s national growth strategy. Finally, the conclusion of the dissertation provides some reflections on why Brazil may have been unable to sustain its course toward greater economic growth with social justice, fiscal transparency, and inflationary control. / Esta disserta??o analisa como a Conven??o do Crescimento influenciou no processo de cria??o do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econ?mico e Social BNDES, e na determina??o de suas estrat?gias e programas at? o ano de 1978, quando termina a execu??o do II Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento − II PND. Em conseq??ncia da forma como foi feita sua institucionaliza??o, o BNDES tamb?m influenciou, e muito, a Conven??o do Crescimento. Com esse objetivo, utilizei, inicialmente, a metodologia de hist?ria oral, para as entrevistas realizadas, pois s?o as pessoas que fundaram e consolidaram o Banco que v?o contar essa hist?ria. No cap?tulo conceitual, apresento a defini??o filos?fica do conceito de Conven??o e a sua utiliza??o por te?ricos de linhas distintas como Adam Smith e Keynes. A partir da?, comento o artigo do economista Ant?nio Barros de Castro sobre a Conven??o do Crescimento, ocorrida no Brasil de 1930 a 1980. Antes de passar para a periodiza??o hist?rica, descrevo, no segundo cap?tulo, o reflexo do golpe militar de 1964, sobre os quadros do BNDES. Relato tamb?m a maneira como esse pessoal percebeu a pol?tica do Governo Castello com o Banco e seus temores sobre o futuro do processo do desenvolvimento. Minha disserta??o est? dividida em tr?s per?odos. O primeiro, descrito no terceiro cap?tulo, come?a com a funda??o do Banco e vai at? o final do Plano de Metas, formulado e executado pelo BNDE durante o governo de Juscelino Kubitschek. No quarto cap?tulo procuro descrever o conturbado governo de J?nio Quadros e os governos de Jango Goulart, Castello Branco, Costa e Silva e Garrastazu M?dici. Finalizo este cap?tulo quando o Ministro Reis Velloso, em outubro de 1970, nomeia Marcos Vianna para a presid?ncia do BNDE em pleno Milagre Econ?mico . O que aglutina per?odos de governos t?o distintos ? a manuten??o do prop?sito, por todos, do crescimento, apesar do Pa?s ter abandonado o processo democr?tico. Outro motivo para a reuni?o destes governos ? a aus?ncia de planos de longo prazo como o Plano de Metas. Enfoco no quinto cap?tulo os oito anos de mandato em que o Minist?rio do Planejamento e o BNDE foram administrados por Reis Velloso e Marcos Vianna, quando o II PND foi planejado e executado no governo de Ernesto Geisel, a partir de 1974. Duas hip?teses foram confirmadas durante a pesquisa. A primeira, que os governos procuraram utilizar, cada um ? sua maneira, o potencial da institui??o. A outra, ? que a busca de autonomia e qualidade, pelo BNDE, ao inv?s de assustar o poder executivo, aumentava sua confian?a nos quadros t?cnicos do Banco. Na conclus?o re?no evid?ncias que comprovam as hip?teses citadas no par?grafo anterior e te?o algumas reflex?es sobre as causas que impediram o Brasil de continuar o seu processo de crescimento, incorporando, ao mesmo tempo, maior justi?a social e maior transpar?ncia fiscal, com a infla??o controlada.