This thesis deals with the AC Load Flow Problem and the comparison of two different solution techniques. The basic solution used was the Newton Raphson method. The two methods used to solve for the corrections to the bus voltages are general matrix storage and nonzero element storage. In the general matrix all matrices are used with every element represented. In the non-zero routine, only nonzero entries in the YBUS and the Jacobian matrix are stored. Along with the non-zero routine, a form of sub-optimal ordering was used to make the inversion process faster. The execution times and storage requirements for seven examples are given. These results show the advantages of using a non-zero storage technique with respect to execution time as well as storage requirements. / Master of Science

M. S.

No description available.

Condodont biostratigraphy has been established for complete sections of the Mifflintown, Wills Creek, and Tonoloway formations along the Wills Mountain anticline in the Central Appalachians. Beds in the Central Appalachians formerly called the Rochester Formation have been renamed the Cosner Gap Member of the Mifflintown Formation. The type section of the unit is at Cosner Gap, northwest of Maysville, Granty Count, West Virginia. Use of the name, Rochester Fornation is restricted to the New York section. The succession of conodont faunas described for these formations range from latest Wenlock through Pridoli in age. The fauna includes 46 form species assignable to the form genera Hindeodella, Ligonodina, Lonchodina, Neoprioniodus, Ozarkodina, Panderodus, Plectospathodus, Spathoenathodus, and Trichonodella. Sixteen new form species are described and twelve of these are named: Ligonodina brevis, Ozarkodina edithae mariae, Q. typica intermedia, O. serrata, Q. sinuosa, O. ziegleri crassatoides, Spathognathodus bicornutus, S. primus highlandensis, S. primus multidentatus, S. tillmani, S. walliseri, and Synprioniodina lowryi. One platform species, possibly representing a new form genus, occurs in the upper Tonoloway Formation. The important European forms Spathognathodus sagitta bohemicus., S. snajdri, S. crispus, and S. steinhornensis eosteinhornensis, are reported for the first time from the Central Appalachians. Eleven multi-element conodont species are recognized using open nomenclature. The faunas of the S. sagitta bohemicus, S. snajdri, S. crispus, and S. steinhornensis eosteinhornensis zones correlate with the sagitta, snajdri horizon of the siluricus, crispus, and eosteinhornensis zones of Walliser. The S. bicornutus and S. tillmani zones are tentatively correlated with Walliser's crassa and latialatus zones. The ploeckensis Zone of Walliser was not identified, but its stratigraphic position would be similar to that of the unzoned interval of the middle third of the McKenzie Member of the Mifflintown Formation. / Ph. D.

The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of residual chlorine that was necessary to adequately disinfect secondary treated sewage in a continuous flow reactor. Trickling-filter, clarified effluent collected prior to chlorination at the plant site was filtered sterilized and inoculated with two bacteria commonly found in sewage--Escherichia coli and Streptococcus faecalis. Eight different chlorine residuals were evaluated for contact times of 10, 20 and 30 minutes. The results indicated that the chlorine residuals needed to obtain 99.9% kill of E. coli and S. faecalis were 1.95 and 2.40 mg/1, respectively. The data showed that S. faecalis was more resistant to chlorine than was E. coli. Time of contact rather than chlorine residual concentration was determined to be more important in influencing chlorine effectiveness. / M.S.

In this article, we propose an innovative way of delineating local markets based on easily accessible data. We apply this concept to the day care industry and investigate providers' location choices relative to local market characteristics to evaluate the widespread presumption that local markets for child care services are geographically very small. Using a panel of all day care centers for the metropolitan region of Vienna, Austria, for nearly a decade, as well as geographically extremely disaggregated data on the spatial distribution of children under the age of six at the 250m×250m grid cell level, we find that the location of children and day care centers are strongly related, but this relationship diminishes as soon as the distance between a child's place of residence and the day care center's location increases. We conclude that local markets for day care services in metropolitan regions are indeed very small (about 500m or 550 yards).

This article explores how a public service broadcasting company, namely ORF in Austria, has dealt with the challenges created by the dual system. An investigation of market requirements, public programming mandate, cost structure and financing needs reveals how economic and political constraints are interrelated. To illustrate this phenomenon, we focus on programming, specifically on the highly successful genre of popular folksy music ('Volkstümliche Musik'). Opinions of decision-makers responsible for programming strategies at the Austrian PSB company are linked with a detailed empirical analysis of one prosperous production within that genre. This enables us to draw a number of conclusions on the strategies pursued by public service broadcasting companies to master the changed market conditions and draw attention to so far unattended topics. / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series