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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Teoria efetiva para decaimentos radiativos do X(3872) / Effective Field Theory for the X(3872) Radiative Decays

Molnar, Daniel Alberto Stanischesk 04 December 2015 (has links)
In this thesis we study radiative decays of the exotic meson X(3872) into $J/ \\psi \\gamma$ and $\\psi(2S) \\gamma$ using an effective field theory framework. Assuming the exotic meson to be primarily a molecular state of the mesons $D$ and $ \\bar{D}^{*}$, we perform a renormalization analysis to estimate the contribution of the short-distance physics. This is done using two different prescriptions, the popular $\\overline{MS}$ scheme, valid only for perturbative calculations, and the PDS scheme, used in EFTs for loosely-bound systems and intrinsically non-perturbative. We show that, without a short-distance contact interaction, the observables become very dependent on the regularization scale, therefore demanding proper renormalization. We include two short-distance contact terms, one for each decay channel, and impose the renormalization condition within both $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS schemes. We obtain the behavior of the contact term with the renormalization scale $\\mu$, which can be useful in guiding models for the short-distance part. We note, however, distinct behaviors between $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS. Both also lead to lower limits in the decay widths that could, in principle, be tested experimentally. / In this thesis we study radiative decays of the exotic meson X(3872) into $J/ \\psi \\gamma$ and $\\psi(2S) \\gamma$ using an effective field theory framework. Assuming the exotic meson to be primarily a molecular state of the mesons $D$ and $ \\bar{D}^{*}$, we perform a renormalization analysis to estimate the contribution of the short-distance physics. This is done using two different prescriptions, the popular $\\overline{MS}$ scheme, valid only for perturbative calculations, and the PDS scheme, used in EFTs for loosely-bound systems and intrinsically non-perturbative. We show that, without a short-distance contact interaction, the observables become very dependent on the regularization scale, therefore demanding proper renormalization. We include two short-distance contact terms, one for each decay channel, and impose the renormalization condition within both $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS schemes. We obtain the behavior of the contact term with the renormalization scale $\\mu$, which can be useful in guiding models for the short-distance part. We note, however, distinct behaviors between $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS. Both also lead to lower limits in the decay widths that could, in principle, be tested experimentally.
2

Teoria efetiva para decaimentos radiativos do X(3872) / Effective Field Theory for the X(3872) Radiative Decays

Daniel Alberto Stanischesk Molnar 04 December 2015 (has links)
In this thesis we study radiative decays of the exotic meson X(3872) into $J/ \\psi \\gamma$ and $\\psi(2S) \\gamma$ using an effective field theory framework. Assuming the exotic meson to be primarily a molecular state of the mesons $D$ and $ \\bar{D}^{*}$, we perform a renormalization analysis to estimate the contribution of the short-distance physics. This is done using two different prescriptions, the popular $\\overline{MS}$ scheme, valid only for perturbative calculations, and the PDS scheme, used in EFTs for loosely-bound systems and intrinsically non-perturbative. We show that, without a short-distance contact interaction, the observables become very dependent on the regularization scale, therefore demanding proper renormalization. We include two short-distance contact terms, one for each decay channel, and impose the renormalization condition within both $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS schemes. We obtain the behavior of the contact term with the renormalization scale $\\mu$, which can be useful in guiding models for the short-distance part. We note, however, distinct behaviors between $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS. Both also lead to lower limits in the decay widths that could, in principle, be tested experimentally. / In this thesis we study radiative decays of the exotic meson X(3872) into $J/ \\psi \\gamma$ and $\\psi(2S) \\gamma$ using an effective field theory framework. Assuming the exotic meson to be primarily a molecular state of the mesons $D$ and $ \\bar{D}^{*}$, we perform a renormalization analysis to estimate the contribution of the short-distance physics. This is done using two different prescriptions, the popular $\\overline{MS}$ scheme, valid only for perturbative calculations, and the PDS scheme, used in EFTs for loosely-bound systems and intrinsically non-perturbative. We show that, without a short-distance contact interaction, the observables become very dependent on the regularization scale, therefore demanding proper renormalization. We include two short-distance contact terms, one for each decay channel, and impose the renormalization condition within both $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS schemes. We obtain the behavior of the contact term with the renormalization scale $\\mu$, which can be useful in guiding models for the short-distance part. We note, however, distinct behaviors between $\\overline{MS}$ and PDS. Both also lead to lower limits in the decay widths that could, in principle, be tested experimentally.
3

Simulação do Forward Proton Detector do experimento DØ, utilizando o Geant4 / Simulation of the forward proton detector from DØ experiment using Geant4

Sandro Fonseca de Souza 08 November 2005 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Apresentam-se aqui os resultados da simulação do Espectrômetro de Dipolo do Forward Próton Detector (FPD) do experimento DØ usando o Geant4 O FPD consiste de um conjunto de espectrômetros de momentum localizados no tubo do feixe em ambos os lados do detector DØ com o objetivo de detectar prótons e/ou antiprótons produzidos em eventos difrativos resultantes das colisões próton-antipróton no centro do DØ Para determinar quais os fatores influenciam a resposta do FPD, utilizamos eventos com = 2 TeV gerados pelo programa PHOJET Nesta dissertação realizou-se a simulação de um detector bem conhecido, neste caso os espectrômetros de dipolo do FPD a fim de entender como desenvolver simulações utilizando o Geant4 para futuras aplicações no LHC / We present here the results from the simulation of the Dipole Spectrometer of the Forward Proton Detector (FPD), using the Geant4 simulation package. The FPD consists of momentum spectrometers placed in the beam pipe in both sides of DØ experiment. It was built to tag protons and/or antiprotons produced in diffractive events as a result of the collisions at the center of DØ. In order to estimate the response of our simulation we used events at = 2 TeV generated with PHOJET. Our motivation to simulate the dipole spectrometer of FPD is to learn and understand how Geant4 operates in order to use it in future applications at LHC
4

O vértice D*Dp usando as regras de soma da QCD / The D*Dp vertex using the QCD sum rules

Bruno Osório Rodrigues 03 March 2010 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A física de partículas vem atualmente estudando tópicos como o plasma de quarks e glúons (QGP), o bóson de Higgs e a matéria escura, que requerem experimentos de colisões entre partículas cada vez mais energéticas. Para isso, são necessários aceleradores capazes de gerar partículas projéteis a cada vez mais altas energias, o que pode levar a uma nova física. Quando novos dados surgem nos laboratórios, novos processos são necessários para explicar estes dados e algumas vezes a estrutura interna das partículas envolvidas é desconhecida. Nos modelos teóricos, usados para descrever estes processos de espalhamento, é comum introduzir o fator de forma. O fator de forma é simplesmente uma maneira de simular a sub-estrutura das partículas envolvidas nestes processos com função da energia ou momento. A obtenção dos atores de forma pode ser feita usando o método conhecido como Regras de Soma da QCD (RSQCD). Neste trabalho, será estudado o vértice D*Dp usando as RSQCD, de modo que seja possível obter os seus fatores de forma e sua constante de acoplamento. Para isso, foram estudados os casos em que o méson ρ e o méson D estão fora de suas camadas de massa. O vértice D*Dp é muito importante para entender melhor o ρπ Puzzle, onde o méson Ј/ψ decai ρπ em com um branching ratio maior do que o esperado (este é um processo suprimido pela regra de OZI). Estudando este processo com graus de liberdade mesnicos, é possível escapar da regra de OZI, uma vez que o processo Ј/ψ→ DD → ρπ não é suprimido por OZI. Ao se fazer isso, aparecerá, entre outros, o vértice D*Dp . Este é um vértice que também aparece em outros decaimentos, como por exemplo X(3872) →Ј/ψp e B→Ј/ψD. Ao final do desenvolvimento, os resultados obtidos neste trabalho para o vértice D*Dp foram comparados com outros encontrados na literatura, se mostrando compatíveis com estes outros trabalhos. / The particle physics have been studying topics like the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), Higgs boson and dark matter, which require experiments in heavy-ion collisions. Therefore, accelerators capable of generate high energy particle beams are necessary and may generate new physics. When new data arise in the laboratories, new processes are necessary to explain this data and sometimes, the internal structure of the involved particles is unknow or are virtual. In the theoretical models, used to describe this scattering processes, is common to introduce the form factors. The form factor is a way to simulate the sub-structure of the involved particles as function of energy or momentum. The form factor can be obtained using a method called QCD Sum Rules (QCDSR). In this work, the vertex D*Dp will be studied using the QCDSR, in order to obtain its form factors and coupling constant.The D*Dp vertex is very important to understand the ρπ Puzzle, where the Ј/ψ meson decays in ρπ with a branching ratio bigger than expected (this is a suppressed process by the OZI Rule). Studying this process with hadronic degrees of freedom, its possible to escape of the OZI rule, once the Ј/ψ→ DD → ρπ is not suppressed by the OZI rule. In this process, the D*Dp vertex is necessary. There are other processes where this vertex is necessary: X(3872)→Ј/ψp and B→Ј/ψD for example. In this work, was only possible to obtain results from the ρ off-shell diagram. This results were compared with others obtained in the literature.
5

Simulação do Forward Proton Detector do experimento DØ, utilizando o Geant4 / Simulation of the forward proton detector from DØ experiment using Geant4

Sandro Fonseca de Souza 08 November 2005 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Apresentam-se aqui os resultados da simulação do Espectrômetro de Dipolo do Forward Próton Detector (FPD) do experimento DØ usando o Geant4 O FPD consiste de um conjunto de espectrômetros de momentum localizados no tubo do feixe em ambos os lados do detector DØ com o objetivo de detectar prótons e/ou antiprótons produzidos em eventos difrativos resultantes das colisões próton-antipróton no centro do DØ Para determinar quais os fatores influenciam a resposta do FPD, utilizamos eventos com = 2 TeV gerados pelo programa PHOJET Nesta dissertação realizou-se a simulação de um detector bem conhecido, neste caso os espectrômetros de dipolo do FPD a fim de entender como desenvolver simulações utilizando o Geant4 para futuras aplicações no LHC / We present here the results from the simulation of the Dipole Spectrometer of the Forward Proton Detector (FPD), using the Geant4 simulation package. The FPD consists of momentum spectrometers placed in the beam pipe in both sides of DØ experiment. It was built to tag protons and/or antiprotons produced in diffractive events as a result of the collisions at the center of DØ. In order to estimate the response of our simulation we used events at = 2 TeV generated with PHOJET. Our motivation to simulate the dipole spectrometer of FPD is to learn and understand how Geant4 operates in order to use it in future applications at LHC
6

O vértice D*Dp usando as regras de soma da QCD / The D*Dp vertex using the QCD sum rules

Bruno Osório Rodrigues 03 March 2010 (has links)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A física de partículas vem atualmente estudando tópicos como o plasma de quarks e glúons (QGP), o bóson de Higgs e a matéria escura, que requerem experimentos de colisões entre partículas cada vez mais energéticas. Para isso, são necessários aceleradores capazes de gerar partículas projéteis a cada vez mais altas energias, o que pode levar a uma nova física. Quando novos dados surgem nos laboratórios, novos processos são necessários para explicar estes dados e algumas vezes a estrutura interna das partículas envolvidas é desconhecida. Nos modelos teóricos, usados para descrever estes processos de espalhamento, é comum introduzir o fator de forma. O fator de forma é simplesmente uma maneira de simular a sub-estrutura das partículas envolvidas nestes processos com função da energia ou momento. A obtenção dos atores de forma pode ser feita usando o método conhecido como Regras de Soma da QCD (RSQCD). Neste trabalho, será estudado o vértice D*Dp usando as RSQCD, de modo que seja possível obter os seus fatores de forma e sua constante de acoplamento. Para isso, foram estudados os casos em que o méson ρ e o méson D estão fora de suas camadas de massa. O vértice D*Dp é muito importante para entender melhor o ρπ Puzzle, onde o méson Ј/ψ decai ρπ em com um branching ratio maior do que o esperado (este é um processo suprimido pela regra de OZI). Estudando este processo com graus de liberdade mesnicos, é possível escapar da regra de OZI, uma vez que o processo Ј/ψ→ DD → ρπ não é suprimido por OZI. Ao se fazer isso, aparecerá, entre outros, o vértice D*Dp . Este é um vértice que também aparece em outros decaimentos, como por exemplo X(3872) →Ј/ψp e B→Ј/ψD. Ao final do desenvolvimento, os resultados obtidos neste trabalho para o vértice D*Dp foram comparados com outros encontrados na literatura, se mostrando compatíveis com estes outros trabalhos. / The particle physics have been studying topics like the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), Higgs boson and dark matter, which require experiments in heavy-ion collisions. Therefore, accelerators capable of generate high energy particle beams are necessary and may generate new physics. When new data arise in the laboratories, new processes are necessary to explain this data and sometimes, the internal structure of the involved particles is unknow or are virtual. In the theoretical models, used to describe this scattering processes, is common to introduce the form factors. The form factor is a way to simulate the sub-structure of the involved particles as function of energy or momentum. The form factor can be obtained using a method called QCD Sum Rules (QCDSR). In this work, the vertex D*Dp will be studied using the QCDSR, in order to obtain its form factors and coupling constant.The D*Dp vertex is very important to understand the ρπ Puzzle, where the Ј/ψ meson decays in ρπ with a branching ratio bigger than expected (this is a suppressed process by the OZI Rule). Studying this process with hadronic degrees of freedom, its possible to escape of the OZI rule, once the Ј/ψ→ DD → ρπ is not suppressed by the OZI rule. In this process, the D*Dp vertex is necessary. There are other processes where this vertex is necessary: X(3872)→Ј/ψp and B→Ј/ψD for example. In this work, was only possible to obtain results from the ρ off-shell diagram. This results were compared with others obtained in the literature.

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