Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Sthefane D avila de Oliveira e Paula-01.pdf: 3469002 bytes, checksum: 6411676587b6fa03e9508964399be8e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / The aim of the present study was to obtain data on helminth fauna in Columba livia, in municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil; to describe the structure of the helminth infracommunities present in this host and to clarify questions concerning morphology, sistematics and ecology of some of the component species. The helminthological study of 35 hosts revealed the presence of two digenetic trematodes, Tanaisia (Paratanaisia) bragai (prevalence 51.42%, mean intensity 288.8 ? 403.86 and mean abundance 148 ? 320.9) and T. inopina (prevalence 2.85% and mean abundance 0.68 ? 4.05); five cestodes, Raillietina allomyodes (prevalence 34.28%, mean intensity 6.66 ? 9.14 and mean abundance 2.28 ? 6.11), Raillietina sp. (prevalence 37.14%, mean intensity 9 ? 10.68 and mean abundance 3.34 ? 7.7), Skrjabinia bonini (prevalence 20%, mean intensity 2.14 ? 1.21 and mean abundance 0.42 ? 1), Skrjabinia sp.( prevalence 5.7%, mean intensity 6 ? 7 and mean abundance 0.34 ? 7) and Fuhrmanneta sp. (prevalence 2.85% and mean abundance 0.028 ? 0.16) and four nematodes, Baruscapillaria obsignata (prevalence 51.42%, mean intensity 29.72 ? 44.2 and mean abundance 15.28 ? 34.7); Ascaridia columbae (prevalence 51.42%, mean intensity 60.55 ? 79.88 and mean abundance 31.14 ? 64.2); Tetrameres fissipina (prevalence 14.28%, mean intensity 346.3 ? 504.4 and mean abundance 49.42 ? 212.1) and Synhmanthus (Dyspharynx) nasuta (prevalence 2.85% and mean abundance 0.028 ? 0.16). Among the examined hosts, 97.2 % were found parasitized by at least one helminth species. In accordance with the prevalence of each species T. bragai, A. columbae and B. obsignata were considered secondary species and T. inopina, T. fissipina, S. nasuta, S. bonini, Skrjabinia sp., R. allomyodes, Raillietina sp. and Fuhrmanneta sp. were considered satellite species. All the species exhibited aggregate distributions, wich is the most common distribution pattern in helminth populations. Taxonomic and ecologic aspects of B. obsignata infrapopulations were analised and the results are discussed in terms of possible factors influencing the processes that lead to niche restriction and biased sex ratios in parasite infrapopulations. Additionaly, studies on morphology and sistematics of some component species were performed. Tanaisia (Paratanaisia) bragai and T. inopina specimens were analised by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy. Two new species of Raillietina and Skrjabinia were described and the sequences of the ITS2 ribossomal DNA of these species were determined and combined with other available Raillietina and Skrjabinia sequences in GenBank, in order to perform a phylogenetic study. / O conhecimento da helmintofauna de Columba livia, no Brasil, teve in?cio com as investiga??es a respeito do parasitismo em animais dom?sticos. Esses he lmintos foram relativamente bem estudados, sob o aspecto faun?stico. No entanto, existem lacunas no conhecimento da morfologia, sistem?tica e ecologia das esp?cies. O conhecimento sobre a morfologia e, consequentemente, os caracteres utilizados na sistem?tica, se restringem quase totalmente `as informa??es que a microscopia de luz pode fornecer. N?o existem estudos sobre a ecologia das infracomunidades desses parasitos, no Brasil. Al?m disso, as rela??es entre algumas esp?cies ainda s?o incertas, sendo necess?ria a revis?o da posi??o taxon?mica e filogen?tica desses helmintos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos gerais: 1- conhecer a helmintofauna de C. livia, no munic?pio de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais; 2- determinar a estrutura da comunidade desses helmintos; 3- elucidar quest?es relativas ? morfologia, sistem?tica e ecologia de algumas das esp?cies componentes dessa comunidade. Para este fim, foram necropsiadas 35 aves e os helmintos coletados foram processados segundo as t?cnicas helmintol?gicas conve ncionais e quantificados. Foram calculados o ?ndice de dispers?o, para determinar o padr?o de distribui??o das infrapopula??es; o ?ndice de concentra??o de domin?ncia de Simpson, para avaliar a presen?a de esp?cie dominante na estrutura da comunidade e o ?ndice de Brillouin (H), para determinar a diversidade parasit?ria da comunidade. O estudo helmintol?gico revelou a presen?a de duas esp?cies de digen?ticos, Tanaisia (Paratanaisia) bragai (preval?ncia 51.42%, intensidade m?dia 288.8 ? 403.86 e abund?ncia m?dia 148 ? 320.9) e T. inopina (preval?ncia 2.85% e abund?ncia m?dia 0.68 ? 4.05); cinco esp?cies de cest?ides, Raillietina allomyodes (preval?ncia 34.28%, intensidade m?dia 6.66 ? 9.14 e abund?ncia m?dia 2.28 ? 6.11), Raillietina sp. (preval?ncia 37.14%, intensidade m?dia 9 ? 10.68 e abund?ncia m?dia 3.34 ? 7.7), Skrjabinia bonini (preval?ncia 20%, intensidade m?dia 2.14? 1.21 e abund?ncia m?dia 0.42 ? 1), Skrjabinia sp. (preval?ncia 5.7%, intensidade m?dia 6 ? 7 e abund?ncia m?dia 0.34 ? 7) e Fuhrmanneta sp. (preval?ncia 2.85% e abund?ncia m?dia 0.028 ? 0.16) e quatro esp?cies de nemat?ides, Baruscapillaria obsignata (preval?ncia 51.42%, intensidade m?dia 29.72 ? 44.2 e abund?ncia m?dia 15.28 ? 34.7); Ascaridia columbae (preval?ncia 51.42%, intensidade m?dia 60.55 ? 79.88 e abund?ncia m?dia 31.14 ? 64.2); Tetrameres fissipina (preval?ncia 14.28%, intensidade m?dia 346.3 ? 504.4 e abund?ncia m?dia 49.42 ? 212.1) e Synhimanthus (Dyspharynx) nasuta (preval?ncia 2.85% e abund?ncia m?dia 0.028 ? 0.16). Aspectos da taxon?mia e ecologia das infrapopula??es de B. obsignata foram abordados e os resultados discutidos em termos dos poss?veis fatores com influ?ncia nos processos que levam `a restri??o de nicho e raz?es sexuais enviezadas. Adicionalmente, foram realizados estudos sobre a morfologia e sitem?tica de algumas das esp?cies componentes. Aspectos da morfologia de Tanaisia (Paratanaisia) bragai e T. inopina, foram elucidados utilizando-se como ferramenta a microscopia de varredura a laser confocal. Um estudo filogen?tico de esp?cies dos g?neros Raillietina e Skrjabinia, foi realizado atrav?s da an?lise de seq??ncias da regi?o espa?adora transcrita interna 2 (ITS2) do DNA ribossomal e duas esp?cies novas foram descritas.

<p>Analizirana je helmintofauna 127 primeraka slepih mi&scaron;eva na teritoriji Srbije.<br />Sakupljene jedinke su pripadnici 12 vrsta slepih mi&scaron;eva: veliki potkovičar (<em>Rhinolophusferrumequinum </em>Schreber, 1774); tamnoliki brkati večernjak <em>(Myotis mystacinus </em>Kuhl, 1817); mali brkati večernjak (<em>M. alcathoe </em>Helversen &amp; Heller, 2001); &scaron;umski brkati večernjak (<em>M. brandtii&nbsp; </em>Eversmann, 1845); južni veliki večernjak <em>(M</em>. <em>oxygnathus </em>Monticelli, 1885); evropski veliki večernjak (<em>M. myotis </em>Borkhausen, 1797); dugodlaki slepi mi&scaron;ić(<em>Hypsugo savii </em>Bonaparte, 1837); obični slepi mi&scaron;ić(<em>Pipistrellus pipistrellus</em> Schreber, 1774); &scaron;umski slepi mi&scaron;ić (<em>P. nathusii </em>Keyserling &amp; Blasius, 1839); evropski smeđi dugou&scaron;an (<em>Plecotus auritus </em>Linnaeus, 1758); evropski sivi dugou&scaron;an <em>(P.</em> <em>austriacus </em>Fischer, 1829) i obični noćnik (<em>Nyctalus noctula</em> Schreber, 1774). Jedinke slepih mi&scaron;eva su sakupljane sa 15 lokaliteta na teritoriji Srbije: Deliblatska pe&scaron;čara, Zasavica, Valjevo, Beograd, Paraćin, Đerdap, Bor, Beljanica, Kučevo, Boljevac, Zaječar, Zlot, Medveđa, planina Tara i Ivanjica u periodu od 2001. do 2009 godine.Izolovano je ukupno 1642 jedinki parazita (787 jedinki metilja, 4 pantljičara i 851 nematoda), razvrstanih u 2 razdela, 1 podrazdel, 3 klase, 3 podklase, 1 nadred, 6 reda, 1 podred, 7 nadfamilija, 11 familija, 9 podfamilija, 12 rodova i 14 vrsta. Identifikovane vrste parazita su:&nbsp;<em> Plagiorchis koreanus</em>(Ogata, 1937),&nbsp;<em>Mesotretes peregrinus </em>(Braun, 1900),&nbsp;<em>Lecithodendrium linstowi </em>(Dollfus, 1931),&nbsp;<em>Prosthodendrium longiforme</em> (Bhalerao, 1926),&nbsp;<em>P. chilostomum </em>(Mehlis, 1831),&nbsp;<em> P. parvouterus </em>(Bhalerao, 1926), <em>Milina grisea</em>(van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp;<em>Capillaria neopulchra </em>(Babos, 1954), <em>Molinostrongylus alatus</em>(Ortlepp, 1932),&nbsp;<em>Strongylacantha glycirrhiza&nbsp; </em>(van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp;<em>Physalopterasp</em>.,&nbsp;<em>Litomosa ottavianii&nbsp;</em>(Lagrange &amp; Bettini, 1948),&nbsp;<em>Rictularia bovieri&nbsp;</em>(Blanchard, 1886) i&nbsp;<em>Seuratum mucronatum </em>(Rudolphi, 1809). Kvalitativna i kvantitativna analiza helmintofaune slepih mi&scaron;eva je prvi put rađena na području Srbije, te se date vrste domaćina mogu smatrati novim za sve konstatovane vrste parazita na teritoriji na&scaron;e zemlje. U ukupnom uzorku 93 (73.23%) jedinki domaćina bilo je invadirano parazitima. Najbrojnije u ukupnom uzorkusu bile vrste&nbsp; P. koreanus,<em>&nbsp;L. linstowii&nbsp; M. alatus</em>, sa dominacijom poslednje. Konstatovano je da pol&nbsp; ne utiče na sastav helmintofaune domaćina. Međutim, konstatovane su promene u kvalitetu i kvantitetu helmintocenoze u pojedinim sezonama.</p> / <p>The helminth fauna of 127 individuals of bats on the territory of Serbia was analyzed. The host samples consisted of 12 bat species: Greater Horseshoe Bat(Rhinolophus &nbsp; ferrumequinumSchreber, 1774); Whiskered Bat (Myotis&nbsp; mystacinusKuhl, 1817); Alcathoe Whiskered Bat (M. alcathoeHelversen &amp; Heller, 2001); Brandt &rsquo;s Bat (M. brandtiiEversmann, 1845); Lesser Mouse-eared Bat (M. oxygnathusMonticelli, 1885); Greater Mouse-eared Bat (M. myotisBorkhausen, 1797); Savi &rsquo; s Pipistrelle Bat (Hypsugo saviiBonaparte, 1837); Common Pipistrelle Bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus Schreber, 1774); Nathusius &rsquo; Pipistrelle Bat (P.&nbsp; BathusiiKeyserling &amp; Blasius, 1839); Brown Long-eared Bat (Plecotus auritusLinnaeus, 1758); Grey Long-eared Bat (P. austriacusFischer, 1829) and Noctule Bat (Nyctalus noctulaSchreber, 1774). Host semples were collected from fifteen localities throughout Serbia: Deliblato sands, Zasavica, Valjevo, Belgrade, Paraćin,&nbsp; Đerdap, Bor, Beljanica, Kučevo, Boljevac, Zaječar, Zlot, Medveđa, Tara mountain and Ivanjica in the period between2001 and 2009. A total of 1642 helminth individuals (787 individuals of digeneans, 4 cestodes and 851 nematodes) were collected from the hosts, classified into 2 phylas, 1 subphyla, 3 classes, 3 subclasses, 1 superorder, 6 orders, 1 suborder, 7 superfamilies, 11 families, 9 subfamilies, 12 generas and 14 species. Fourteen parasite species were identified: Plagiorchis koreanus(Ogata, 1937),&nbsp; Mesotretes peregrinus(Braun, 1900), Lecithodendrium linstowi(Dollfus, 1931),&nbsp; Prosthodendrium&nbsp; longiforme(Bhalerao, 1926), P. chilostomum(Mehlis, 1831),&nbsp; P. parvouterus(Bhalerao, 1926),&nbsp; Milina grisea (van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp; Capillaria neopulchra(Babos, 1954),&nbsp; Molinostrongylus alatus (Ortlepp, 1932),&nbsp; Strongylacantha glycirrhiza(van Beneden, 1873),&nbsp; Physalopterasp., Litomosa ottavianii(Lagrange &amp; Bettini, 1948),&nbsp; Rictularia bovieri(Blanchard, 1886)&nbsp; and&nbsp; Seuratum mucronatum(Rudolphi, 1809). The qualitative and&nbsp; quantitativeanalysis of the helminth fauna of bats were conducted in Serbia for the first time. Therefore all bat species can be considered new hosts for all recorded helminth species on the area of the country. Ninety-three (73.23%)&nbsp; individuals werefound to be infected with helminth parasites. The most numerous helminth species in total sample were&nbsp; P. koreanus,&nbsp; L. linstowiand&nbsp; M. alatus, which is also the most dominant. There is no evidence that the composition of helminth&nbsp; fauna depends on the sex ofthe host. However, some seasonal changes in quality and quantity of helminth community of the host are obvious.&nbsp;</p>