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Development of Herbicide Tolerant TomatoSharma, Gourav 08 December 2017 (has links)
Tomato is a major horticulture crop grown across the globe. Unfortunately, its yield is reduced by 25% because of auxin herbicides and glyphosate drift. In this present study, wild germplasm of tomato was screened for herbicide tolerance. From the greenhouse study nine accessions for glyphosate and 2,4-D, eleven accessions for dicamba, five accessions for quinclorac, eight accessions for aminocyclopyrachlor, and two accessions for picloram and aminopyralid were identified to be tolerant. A few accessions were selected from each herbicide tolerant group for field trials at two locations in Mississippi in 2016 and 2017. Results indicated that TOM18 was most tolerant to dicamba herbicide, while TOM87 and TOM129 to glyphosate and quinclorac herbicide, respectively, on the basis of yield and injury. Molecular experiments were conducted to measure the genetic diversity among diverse germplasm. Genetic diversity analysis showed wild accessions to be highly diverse as compared to cultivated tomato.
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Seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência da soja DAS44406-6 (Enlist E3™) / Selectivity of herbicides applied in post-emergence of DAS44406-6 (Enlist E3™) soybeanSilva, André Felipe Moreira 20 February 2019 (has links)
Em 1998 foi aprovado no Brasil o evento GTS 40-3-2 (Roundup Ready™ - RR), que confere tolerância ao herbicida glyphosate em soja. Outra tecnologia de tolerância a herbicida disponível para soja é a Liberty Link® - LL (A2704-12 e A5547-127), que confere tolerância ao glufosinate. O evento DAS44406-6 (Enlist E3™ - E3) confere tolerância ao glyphosate, 2,4-D e glufosinate. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar os efeitos de glyphosate no desempenho agronômico e índices de clorofila de soja E3 e RR, aplicado em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento. Avaliar os efeitos de glufosinate no desempenho agronômico e índices de clorofila de soja E3 e LL, aplicado em diferentes estádios de desenvolvimento. Avaliar efeitos do herbicida 2,4-D colina, isolado e em associação com glyphosate ou glufosinate, no desempenho agronômico e índices de clorofila de soja E3, para a aplicação em pós-emergência (V4). Foram conduzidos três experimentos, repetidos nas safras 2016/17 e 2017/18, em Mogi-Mirim, SP. O experimento I constituído da aplicação de glyphosate (1.440 g e.a. ha-1), os tratamentos foram dispostos em arranjo fatorial 2X4 (evento X estádio de desenvolvimento). Para o fator evento foram utilizados E3 e RR. Para estádio, controle (sem aplicação), V4, V6 e R2. O experimento II da aplicação de glufosinate (460 g i.a. ha-1), os tratamentos foram dispostos em arranjo fatorial 2X4 (evento X estádio de desenvolvimento). Para o fator evento foram utilizados E3 e LL. Para estádio, os mesmo do experimento I. O experimento III foi constituido da aplicação 2,4-D, glyphosate e glufosinate no estádio V4 da soja E3. Foram avaliados os sintomas de injúria, índices de clorofila, e variáveis relacionadas ao desempenho agronômico. Não foram obsevadas reduções nos índices de clorofila e no desempenho agronômico da soja. Constatou-se a seletividade equivalente de glyphosate para soja E3 e RR, independente do estádio de desenvolvimento. Assim como, a seletividade equivalente de glufosinate para soja E3 e LL, independente do estádio de desenvolvimento. Também constatou-se a seletividade de 2,4-D colina isolado ou em associações com glyphosate ou glufosinate em soja E3. / In 1998 the GTS 40-3-2 (Roundup Ready™ - RR) event, which confers tolerance to glyphosate herbicide on soybean. Another herbicide tolerance technology available for soybeans is Liberty Link® - LL (A2704-12 and A5547-127), which confers tolerance to glufosinate. The DAS44406-6 (Enlist E3™ - E3) event confers tolerance glyphosate, 2,4-D and glufosinate. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of glyphosate on agronomic performance and chlorophyll indexes of E3 and RR soybean, applied at different stages of development. To evaluate the effects of glufosinate on the agronomic performance and chlorophyll indexes of E3 and LL soybean, applied at different stages of development. To evaluate the effects of 2,4-D (choline), isolated and in association with glyphosate or glufosinate, on agronomic performance and chlorophyll indexes of E3 soybean, for post-emergence (V4). Three experiments were carried out, repeated in the 2016/17 and 2017/18 seasons, in Mogi-Mirim, SP. The experiment I consisted of the application of glyphosate (1.440 g e.a. ha-1), treatments were arranged in factorial arrangement 2X4 (event X development stage). For the event factor were used E3 and RR. For stadium, control (without application), V4, V6 and R2. The experiment II consisted of the application of glufosinate (460 g e.a. ha-1), treatments were arranged in factorial arrangement 2X4 (event X development stage). For the event factor were used E3 and LL. For stage, the same of experiment I. The experiment III was constituted of the application 2,4-D, glyphosate and glufosinate in the V4 stage of soybean E3. Were evaluated the crop injury, chlorophyll indexes, and variables related to agronomic performance. No reductions in chlorophyll indexes and agronomic performance of soybean were observed. It was found the equivalent of glyphosate selectivity to E3 and RR soybean, regardless of the development stage. As well as, the equivalent selectivity of glufosinate for E3 and LL soybean, regardless of development stage. Also the selectivity of 2,4-D isolated or in associations with glyphosate or glufosinate in E3 soybean.
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