The dissertation is concerned about, according to author still “live” problem of optimization of logistic flow, with scope to company environment. The aim is to find correct methodology for defined problem and to apply it to particular case study. Theoretical part begins with description and analysis of actual state of problematic of logistic flow optimization and listing the methods which are able to be applied to these problems. The three main groups – exact methods, heuristic methods and combined methods take part in. The analysis continues further with searching the methods, useful for application in production company environment. Vast focus is on layout design task, because once layout is created, except some minor changes, it lasts usually for some years and therefore it is necessary to consider it properly. Moreover, there is also difference between other characteristics of production, as production planning and machines / technologies upgrade and layout; the former are in a certain manner changeable and not stable, but the layout cannot be changed on for ex. weekly basis. Contribution to research is located at the end of theoretical part, which is newly modified methodology to be more suitable for practical application. Practical part begins with the description of particular case study, e.g. actual status of logistic system in enterprise. The processes described include purchasing management, production management and mainly layout design of production space. The application of suitable methods consists of group technology methods – already known method, plus newly modified method and their mutual comparison. In addition is included already known value stream mapping method. The result is recommendation for change in layout design, developed by integration of results, brought by group technology methods and value stream mapping method.

This master's thesis deals with unusual applications tasks and problem tasks in teaching mathematics at the upper primary school as well as with their solving strategies. The whole work is build around an analysis of pupils' solutions of selected problem tasks. It was found that solving the tasks caused considerable troubles to a significant part of the pupils. The final part of the thesis contains a collection of problem tasks along with their solutions that is focused on teaching heuristic problem solving strategies and based on the analysis results.