Síntesis: Esta tesina trata de dificultades que se presentan en la traducción de literatura infantil. Para analizar las traducciones españolas de cuatro novelas infantiles de Astrid Lindgren, he investigado cómo se traducen los nombres propios, los topónimos (nombres geográficos), las palabras inventadas por la autora y los fenómenos específicos de la cultura sueca. La cuestión central ha sido ver si se pierde algo del estilo de la traductora o de lo específico sueco en la traducción de esos tipos de palabras. La conclusión es que sí, se pierde algo del estilo personal de la autora y lo típico sueco, pero esto no se puede evitar, ya que la traducción de literatura consiste en hacer un texto inteligible para otras culturas. Además, el estilo de Astrid Lindgren es muy original y por eso es difícil traducir sus textos. El primer capítulo contiene el trasfondo científico y, en él, se tratan problemas de traducción, tanto generales como los de traducir nombres propios, topónimos, palabras inventadas y fenómenos específicos de una cultura. En el segundo capítulo presento los resultados de mi investigación. Rindo cuenta de todas las palabras que he encontrado, junto con sus traducciones, divididas en grupos según el tipo de traducción. En el cuarto capítulo analizo las traducciones y discuto las pérdidas de significado y, también, del estilo de la autora y de lo típico sueco. El quinto capítulo contiene mis conclusiones, basadas en las discusiones del capítulo anterior. Hipótesis: La hipótesis de esta tesina es que, en la traducción de literatura infantil, se pierde mucho de lo que es específico para la cultura a la que pertenece la novela, y también de lo que es específico para el autor. Pienso que ello ocurre porque muchas veces se traducen nombres propios, topónimos, palabras inventadas y fenómenos específicos de una cultura en la literatura infantil para que los niños entiendan mejor las historias. Mi hipótesis está basada, en primer lugar, en mi propia sospecha y, también, en el conocimiento de que el trabajo de traducir es algo muy difícil; la traducción de literatura infantil es, por lo menos, tan difícil como cualquier otro tipo de traducción. Objetivo y propósito: El objetivo de esta tesina es comparar algunos libros de Astrid Lindgren en sueco con sus traducciones en español. Voy a concentrar mi investigación en nombres propios, topónimos, palabras inventadas por la autora y fenómenos específicos de la cultura sueca. Empezaré con Ronja Rövardotter (Ronja, hija del bandolero) y seguiré con Mio min Mio (Mío, mi pequeño Mío), Emil i Lönneberga (Miguel el Travieso) y Pippi Långstrump (Pippi Calzaslargas). He elegido estas novelas porque en ellas se pueden encontrar muchos nombres de personas y sitios, junto con fenómenos suecos y palabras inventadas. El propósito de esta comparación es tratar de establecer cómo se tratan los nombres propios, topónimos, palabras inventadas y fenómenos específicos de la cultura sueca en la traducción. El asunto que voy a tratar en esta tesina es el problema de traducir o no traducir algunos elementos especiales y, también, cómo traducirlos. La cuestión central es si se pierde algo del estilo personal del autor, o de la cultura, en traducciones de literatura infantil.

This doctoral dissertation is a study of three works: Marcela Serrano’s novel We Who Love Us So Much (1992), Ariel Dorfman’s play Death and the Maiden (1992) and its filmic version directed by Roman Polanski, and the documentary directed by Maria Elena Wood, The General’s Daughter (2006). Through the representations of subjectivist female characters in the works, we analyze what we call the vicissitudes of female identity in relation to the agitated sociopolitical circumstances that Chile lived from the sixties to 2006. In those decades, we observe the process of the construction of a revolutionary identity that culminates with the election of the Popular Unity government (1970-1973). Then, we examine the breakdown of female revolutionary identity during the violent repression known as the military dictatorship (1973-1990) after the coup d’état. Finally, we investigate the reconstitution of the identity of the women on the political left, a process assumed independently (rather than collectively) by women of varied characteristics and political orientations during the re-democratization period and until 2006. By analysing the female characters moving in literature, theatre, and film, we observe that these characterizations have helped to inform the readers/viewers through sharing stories of women, their limitations, their personal and collective visions presenting their doubts and fears on matters pertaining to them as female entities. But the greatest finding in this study is to discover that cultural products contain a number of female characters that can overcome their limitations in fiction, as is the case for women working in public spaces such as Michelle Bachelet, a “historical character” from The General's Daughter. They are firmly committed to the reality of women’s lives in Chile and deliver an optimistic message; women must continue integrating other women in order to end the discrimination that still exists in Chile.

This doctoral dissertation is a study of three works: Marcela Serrano’s novel We Who Love Us So Much (1992), Ariel Dorfman’s play Death and the Maiden (1992) and its filmic version directed by Roman Polanski, and the documentary directed by Maria Elena Wood, The General’s Daughter (2006). Through the representations of subjectivist female characters in the works, we analyze what we call the vicissitudes of female identity in relation to the agitated sociopolitical circumstances that Chile lived from the sixties to 2006. In those decades, we observe the process of the construction of a revolutionary identity that culminates with the election of the Popular Unity government (1970-1973). Then, we examine the breakdown of female revolutionary identity during the violent repression known as the military dictatorship (1973-1990) after the coup d’état. Finally, we investigate the reconstitution of the identity of the women on the political left, a process assumed independently (rather than collectively) by women of varied characteristics and political orientations during the re-democratization period and until 2006. By analysing the female characters moving in literature, theatre, and film, we observe that these characterizations have helped to inform the readers/viewers through sharing stories of women, their limitations, their personal and collective visions presenting their doubts and fears on matters pertaining to them as female entities. But the greatest finding in this study is to discover that cultural products contain a number of female characters that can overcome their limitations in fiction, as is the case for women working in public spaces such as Michelle Bachelet, a “historical character” from The General's Daughter. They are firmly committed to the reality of women’s lives in Chile and deliver an optimistic message; women must continue integrating other women in order to end the discrimination that still exists in Chile.

This doctoral dissertation is a study of three works: Marcela Serrano’s novel We Who Love Us So Much (1992), Ariel Dorfman’s play Death and the Maiden (1992) and its filmic version directed by Roman Polanski, and the documentary directed by Maria Elena Wood, The General’s Daughter (2006). Through the representations of subjectivist female characters in the works, we analyze what we call the vicissitudes of female identity in relation to the agitated sociopolitical circumstances that Chile lived from the sixties to 2006. In those decades, we observe the process of the construction of a revolutionary identity that culminates with the election of the Popular Unity government (1970-1973). Then, we examine the breakdown of female revolutionary identity during the violent repression known as the military dictatorship (1973-1990) after the coup d’état. Finally, we investigate the reconstitution of the identity of the women on the political left, a process assumed independently (rather than collectively) by women of varied characteristics and political orientations during the re-democratization period and until 2006. By analysing the female characters moving in literature, theatre, and film, we observe that these characterizations have helped to inform the readers/viewers through sharing stories of women, their limitations, their personal and collective visions presenting their doubts and fears on matters pertaining to them as female entities. But the greatest finding in this study is to discover that cultural products contain a number of female characters that can overcome their limitations in fiction, as is the case for women working in public spaces such as Michelle Bachelet, a “historical character” from The General's Daughter. They are firmly committed to the reality of women’s lives in Chile and deliver an optimistic message; women must continue integrating other women in order to end the discrimination that still exists in Chile.