Background: Hip fractures are among the most common causes of disability and hospitalisation in the elderly. Currently there are no studies available in South Africa that determine the factors that influence the early post-operative functional outcome in elderly patients with a hip fracture.Aim: To establish the factors influencing the early post-operative functional outcome in elderly patients with a hip fracture. Methodology: A prospective pre-test post-test observational study design was used. Consecutive sampling was used to recruit participants (n=72). Assessments were conducted pre-operatively, at discharge and six weeks post discharge at two public health care hospitals in Johannesburg, South Africa. Pre-operatively the pre-fracture functional mobility of the participants was determined using the New Mobility Score (NMS), the presence of pre-existing co-morbidities was assessed using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G) and the cognitive function was assessed using the Six-Item Cognitive Impairment Test (6CIT). At discharge and at six weeks post discharge the participants post-operative functional level was assessed using the Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS) and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). A multiple regression analysis was used to determine associations. The study was set at p = 0.05 level of significance and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Participants were generally independent with pre-fracture mobility at baseline and presented with approximately three pre-existing co-morbidities. The presence of cognitive impairments in the participants decreased during the duration of the study, while the post-operative functional level in this population improved. Pre-fracture functional level was strongly related to and also the strongest predictor of post-operative functional outcome. The presence of co-morbidities and impaired cognitive function were also indirectly related. Conclusion: Pre-fracture functional mobility was found to be the strongest determinant of post-operative functional outcome, followed by cognitive function and the presence of pre-existing co-morbidities. By ensuring that these factors are optimal prior to sustaining a hip fracture, elderly patients are more likely to have better outcomes. For those patients who do sustain a hip fracture, intensive rehabilitation is especially necessary for the patient who presents with poor pre-fracture mobility, impaired cognition and pre-existing medical co-morbidities.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / Background: In 2001 an assessment tool for predicting fracture risk in postmenopausal women was developed. An index based on a small number of risk factors that are easily assessed was developed called the Fracture Index. The value of this index ranges from 0-13 with higher number associated with higher five year probability of fracture. The magnitude of the morbidity and mortality associated with osteoporosis makes it valuable for health care professionals to know if a treatment to prevent fractures is cost effective or not. Objective: To investigate at what Fracture Index value it becomes cost effective to treat postmenopausal women with alendronate to prevent hip fractures. The focus is on Icelandic women. Design: A Markov model was developed to model the disease progression for women 65 years of age to 85 years of age which is the average life expectancy for women in Iceland. Cost effectiveness of alendronate vs. no treatment was assessed by transitioning women in the model every six months between different health states. In the base-case five year treatment with alendronate was assumed. Results: At Fracture Index 1-2 the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) was 27,467,073 ISK (238,844$) which is not considered to be cost effective. At Fracture Index 3-4 the ICER was 4,349,2511SK (37,820$) which has a 59% probability of being cost effective if the per capita GOP (4,800,000 ISK) for Iceland is used as a threshold for cost effectiveness. However cost effectiveness for Fracture Index 3-4 depends largely on the assumptions made in the model, some of which are uncertain such as drug cost, drug efficacy and appropriate discount rate. Treatment with Alendronate is cost effective for Fracture Index 5 and variation in the model's assumptions does not change that result. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that treating osteoporotic women with alendronate to prevent hip fractures becomes cost effective at Fracture Index 5 with a 1.9% five year probability of hip fracture. / 2031-01-01

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Univ., 2001. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2005. / Härtill 6 uppsatser.

Yes / Aim: This literature review aims to conduct an extensive systematic literature review of the nursing interventions on discharge planning among geriatric patients with hip fractures. Design: The review applied multiple research designs, and the literature search was based on PRISMA’s publication standard. Data Sources: The articles were selected from three primary online databases: Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science and one supporting database, Google Scholar. Review Method: After searching the eligible articles, 15 articles were selected for thematic analysis. Results: The systematic review came out with five central themes 1) assessments of the patient’s and family member’s needs: 2) diagnosis of an individual discharge planning: 3) prescription of the appropriate nursing interventions; 4) implementation of the nursing interventions and 5) follow -up after the patients have been discharged from hospital. Conclusion: The review’s findings explained the nursing intervention implemented and its effectiveness on elderly patients with hip fractures. Apart from that, this review also highlighted the methodology approach and health outcomes measured, which will help the scholars better understand the study area. Impact: The review contributes needed information for future nursing research and practice of the elderly with hip fractures.