Thesis (M.S.)--Springfield College, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.S.)--Springfield College, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-120). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.S.P.H.)--University of Louisville, 2003. / Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics. Vita. "December 2003." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-46).

Thesis (M.A.)--University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-120).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2007. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the World Wide Web.

The hip joint center (HJC) is needed for calculation of hip kinematics in various applications. In the functional method, the center is determined by moving femur with respect to acetabulum. A popular way for measuring this movement is through an optical motion capture system. This method is fast and economical for most applications where we require an instant HJC even though the reconstruction error in bone position calculation exists due to skin artifact. This error is caused by movement of markers placed on skin rather than on actual bone. Here we introduce ultrasound imaging as an additional modality to measure the change in soft tissue thickness above bone while hip is flexed. We use this information on the tissue thickness change to recalculate position of markers placed on skin to match the movement of bone. A good advantage of using ultrasound machine is its non-invasiveness. We calculated HJC using a symmetric center of rotation estimation (SCoRE) algorithm, which uses the concept of coordinate transformation on 3D marker position data. The algorithm gives the 3D position of two centers, one for each hip bone. The distance between these two centers (SCoRE residual) gives us a hint on the accuracy of the HJC calculation and has been proved to be proportional to the error with respect to actual center in previous studies. These two centers should ideally coincide as they collectively form a spherical joint. Our new algorithm for HJC calculation with tissue thickness compensation, measured using ultrasound imaging shows the error has been reduced from 9.13 mm to 4.87 mm

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / Purpose: A kinematic chain consists of a succession of joints linking several fixed components (Levangie and Norkin, 2005). Any tension or restriction within a component of this chain increases the load placed on the remaining components (Commorford and Mottram, 2001). Pathomechanics of the hip may have an effect on the areas of pressure exerted by the plantar surface of the foot during gait through the kinematic chain (Levangie and Norkin, 2005). Chiropractic manipulative therapy restores the correct biomechanical function to a joint (Gatterman, 2005). No previous research to determine the effect of hip manipulation on lower limb biomechanics and gait patterns has been identified. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of chiropractic manipulative therapy of the hip on gait patterns, particularly the degrees of foot rotation and the pathway of the centre of pressure of the foot. Method: Sixty participants matching the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this study were recruited. The procedure, risks and benefits were explained to each of them and they were required to sign an information and consent form. The participants then underwent a full case history accompanied by a physical and hip regional examination, including motion palpation of the hip. This ensured that none of the participants matched the exclusion criteria consisting of serious gait abnormalities, contraindications to manipulation and the receipt of simultaneous forms of treatment. Individual gait analysis by the Zebris FDM-System was performed for each participant before they received a hip manipulation. A second gait analysis was then conducted to determine a change. Procedure: Each participant was required to walk barefoot over the Zebris platform for approximately 2 minutes while 3 – 5 gait cycles were recorded for gait analysis. The participant then received manipulative therapy of the restricted hip. A second gait analysis was performed just as the first. The Zebris software calculated the average results from before and after the hip manipulation and displayed the changes of foot rotation and the parameters of the pathway of the centre of pressure in a report for each participant. The focus of this study was the manipulated hip. Changes of the non-manipulated hip were mentioned only where applicable. The Zebris FDM-System allows for accurate gait analysis due to its “capacitive force sensors,” each of which possesses its own calibration curve (Zebris Medical GmbH, 2006). Results: Statistically significant changes were found for certain gait parameters representing the pathway of the centre of pressure. These included anterior/posterior variability, lateral symmetry and lateral symmetry variability. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that chiropractic manipulative therapy of the hip has an effect on certain centre of pressure parameters and chiropractors, therefore, should be consulted for the treatment of gait abnormalities. The study trial involved only a single treatment per participant. Further studies should be conducted to determine whether multiple treatments and manipulation of other kinematic chain components have an effect.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1959 F91

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