The writer proposes in this study to set forth, in brief, the functions of lending institutions in financing home building and home improvements under the plan of loans offered by the Federal Housing Administration.

The purpose of this study is to develop a guide to inform individuals concerned with the building of a home, suggesting the proper procedures to follow in financing, planning and constructing. The study is also designed to help the potential home builder in the selection of various artisans and the purchasing of building materials, along with the basic structure of a home.

The diploma thesis analyzes available methods of financing of a new housing construction with the focus on the possibilities of concurrent investment. The above analysis is demonstrated in a model case study. Practical part contents selection of the products to be analyzed from each evaluated field: suitable mortgage loan, finance market investment, the investment to the alternate heating equipment of the home and photovoltaic power plant. Than demonstrate the possibilities of decreasing the price of the loan with the assistance of concurrent investment into the financial markets or the alternative investment. The risk of investing has been taken into consideration as well. At the end are demonstrated comparative analysis and evaluation of all financing possibilities resulting in suggesting the most suitable method of home loan financing.

[pt] Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar a construção do lar a partir das formas de apropriação de espaço, demonstrados pelos moradores do Conjunto Habitacional de interesse social, denominado San Francisco, em Assunção, Paraguai. Dito conjunto foi construído para remanejar a população de um assentamento informal denominado La Chacarita, localizado às margens do Rio Paraguai na zona do centro histórico de Assunção, que enfrenta enchentes cíclicas e que se viu afetada por intervenções de infraestruturas urbanas que agravaram essa situação. Considerando que essa população sofreu um processo de remoção compulsória do assentamento de origem procura-se, nesta pesquisa, identificar as formas de apropriação em um espaço programado, fruto de um projeto de arquitetura, tornando-os espaços criados, ou seja, transformados a partir da produção de táticas de adequação pelos próprios habitantes (Machado-Martins; Trotta, 2020), e como a remoção influencia nesse processo de apropriação. Para isso, serão considerados fatos históricos que foram coletados de uma intensa pesquisa bibliográfica, as trajetórias e experiências das famílias até chegar ao lugar de moradia, observando e analisando os processos de adaptação e transformação no conjunto. Já que a relação entre o ambiente vivido e as pessoas estabelece uma troca mútua – pois as pessoas transformam os lugares, mas os lugares também interferem nas práticas das pessoas e criam um hábito – nesta pesquisa, se mobiliza o conceito de habitar, não só como uso do espaço propriamente dito, mas como uma relação básica entre o indivíduo e o mundo, de apropriação do lugar, de criação de vínculos, de sentido de pertencimento e identidade entre a pessoa e o lugar (Pallasmaa, 2016; Tuan, 1983). Também se considera o sentido de lar como uma construção demonstrada a partir da apropriação do espaço e a dotação de significados ao lugar. / [en] This research aims to investigate the construction of the home from the forms of appropriation of space, demonstrated by the residents of the social housing complex, called San Francisco, in Asunción, Paraguay. This complex was built to relocate the population from an informal settlement called La Chacarita, located on the banks of the Paraguay River in the historic center of Asunción, which faces cyclical flooding and was affected by urban infrastructure interventions that aggravated this situation. Considering that this population has suffered a process of compulsory removal from their original settlement, this research seeks to identify the forms of appropriation in a programmed space, fruit of an architectural project making them created spaces, that is, transformed from the production of adaptation tactics by the inhabitants themselves (Machado-Martins; Trotta, 2020), and how the removal influences this appropriation process. For this, we will consider historical facts that were collected from intensive bibliographical research, and the trajectories and experiences of the families until arriving at their place of residence, observing and analyzing the processes of adaptation and transformation in the set. Since the relationship between the lived environment and people establishes a mutual exchange - because people transform places, but places also interfere in people s practices and create a habit - this research mobilizes the concept of dwelling, not only as the use of space itself, but as a basic relationship between the individual and the world, of appropriation of the place, of creating bonds, of a sense of belonging and identity between the person and the place (Pallasmaa, 2016; Tuan, 1983). Sense of home is also considered as a construct demonstrated from the appropriation of space and the endowment of meanings to place.

The diploma thesis elaborates on the design of a new building of freestanding retirement home in the town of Litomyšl. The design of the retirement home is in the form of project documentation for the construction. The new building includes a partial basement and three floors. The main purpose is to build a building for housing with flats for seniors and to provide health care to seniors living here and from the surrounding area. On the 1st floor, there is an administrative part, a doctor's office with the possibility of rehabilitation and a dining room with facilities for food preparation, which is imported into the home. The dining room serves both the guests and the public. The remaining part of the first floor consists of social, administrative and utility rooms. On the 2nd and 3rd floors, there are individual apartments for clients with a common room for visits and spending their free time. On the 1st floor, there is a maintenance center, boiler room, server room, furniture store, and estate depository. Basement walls are monolithic, made of reinforced concrete. The construction system of the above-ground floors is wall-mounted, bidirectional and made of ground brick blocks. The ceilings and staircases are monolithic, made of reinforced concrete. External walls are insulated with a contact thermal insulation systems. The building is mainly based on footings or foot anchors. The retirement home is located on the edge of the town near the Litomyšl Hospital. The land is suitable for construction, as it is located in the area for the construction of civil buildings.