The aim of the thesis was to find out what is the population of the Shetland ponies in the Czech Republic. The uncertain pedigree of these ponies is a big problem; there are only 40% of ponies with pedigree. The thesis concentrated on the investigation of differences between the ponies with pedigree and the ones without it, on the investigation of differences of basic physical measurements of stallions and mares. Another inquiry was the numbers of Shetland ponies in particular regions with a special attention to the region of South Bohemia. The comparison of judging of the externals of Shetland ponies by individual horse breeding inspectors was a separate point. The source material was provided by the Association of Horse Breeder{\crq}s Union. Data and results were processed in MC Excel. In the linear description ponies with pedigree reach better value in the evaluation of type and length of steps, in other parts the evaluation almost overlaps. The overall characteristics are evaluated on average by half a point better with ponies with pedigree. In the physical measurements a difference in KVH and KVP was detected where ponies with pedigree are clearly shorter, in OH and Ohol the difference between ponies with pedigree and without pedigree was inconsiderable. There is also a size difference between stallions and mares of the Shetland pony, KVH and KVP of stallions is clearly lower, the chest perimeter is also clearly smaller. On the contrary the shin perimeter of stallions is slightly higher. The investigation of numbers in regions showed that the Central Bohemian region abounds in most Shetland ponies, followed by Prague, region Usti, region Zlin and region Plzen. On the contrary the poorest region is Pardubice, the South Moravian region and Vysočina Region. There are not many Shetland ponies in South Bohemia either, 17 ponies are registered here out of which six are with pedigree. Another seven ponies were randomly found outside the register that correspond the breeding standard. During the judging of the externals of the Shetland ponies by individual horse breeding inspectors a considerable range in judging of some parts of the linear description was discovered, sometimes even by a point less ore more, which proves a more frequent use of various points by individual inspectors. In the overall characteristics the difference between individual inspectors was up to three quarters of a point.