Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alberta, 2010. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on June 24, 2010). A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1968. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1960. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 104-109).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 287 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 114-123).

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 65 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-36).

CO₂, without question, the most famous greenhouse gas, is known to have an increasing concentration in both the atmosphere and oceans. To slow down the pace not only of global warming but also the ocean acidification, several routes are proposed to effectively reduce the net emission of CO₂. Compared to Carbon Capture and Sequestration/Storage (CCS), Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) has much more potential because of the lower costs of scale up and higher profitability to potentially attract capital investment. Different from the conventional CCU route which is to reduce CO₂ to fuels with hydrogen generated via renewable-energy-driving electricity, two processes are investigated in this thesis; that of Dry Methane Reforming (DMR) and the DeHydrogenation of Propane by CO₂ (DHP by CO₂). The projects on these two processes not only develop catalysts which would be suitable for the reaction performance, but also the ultimate aim is to link the processes with a renewable energy source (in the thesis we chose Solar Thermal Heating).Thermodynamic calculations and process simulations were also evaluated. The results of DMR unfortunately did not indicate a promising future to link with Solar Thermal Heating due to the very high temperature required during the process. However, the results of thermodynamic calculations and process simulations in DMR project illustrate a good opportunity to utilise flue gas in industry through the so-called Tri- Methane Reforming (TMR). In the DHP by CO₂ process, the catalysts developed were less promising than the ones in DMR due to the severe side-reactions occurred which significantly decreased the selectivity for the desired product. However - and importantly - through our thermodynamic calculations and process simulations, the DHP by CO₂ process has a bright future if the Solar Thermal Heating can be applied with the relative lower temperature requirement, making the CO₂ utilisation process much easier to be fulfilled than DMR.

Liquid Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) is used to interface the separating power of LC with the sensitivity and specificity of MS for the determination of trace levels of organic compounds in a variety of matrices. The technique is finding increasing application in the field of environmental and pharmaceutical analysis. Particle Beam LC/MS (PB/LC/MS) uses a particle beam interface to connect the LC to the MS. This interface design has the advantage of being able to produce "classical" electron impact (El) spectra which can then be searched against commercial MS libraries. The aim of this work was to apply PB/LC/MS to a range of new problems in environmental analysis and evaluate the usefulness of this technique. PB/LC/MS was used to determine compounds that cannot easily be analysed by more conventional techniques such as gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or liquid chromatography with UV/vis detection (LC/UV). For example, some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are too involatile to analyse by GC/MS, some commonly prepared isocyanate derivatives cannot be accurately identified by LC/UV and some classes of pesticides are thermally labile and so cannot be determined by GC/MS.The work presented in this thesis examines the factors affecting the sensitivity and performance of PB/LC/MS and comparisons are made with other analytical methods. Compound classes examined are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), pesticides and isocyanate derivatives in a variety of environmental matrices. Methods for improving the sensitivity of PB/LC/MS are investigated and the results of these experiments used to compare the different models are used to explain PB/MS behaviour. Conclusions regarding the accuracy of these models are then made. The ability of PB/MS to provide useful El MS for identification purposes in complex environmental matrices is also investigated.

No description available.

A sequence leading to the total synthesis of certain derivatives in the 11, 12-seco (see XXIV) and 5, 6-seco hydro-chrysene (see XXXI) series is described. The synthesis employs in its initial stages the Robinson-Mannich base reaction and the Michael condensation reaction to construct the parent tetracyclic skeleton. Condensation of 6-methoxy-2-tetralone with 1-diethylamino-3-pentanone methiodide produced an isomeric mixture of tricyclic ketones. This mixture was then condensed with methyl vinyl ketone to yield a tetracyclic ketol (XII) which in turn was converted to the tetracyclic ketone (XIII) by reaction with sodium methoxide. By appropriate modifications, this latter substance may then be utilized for the synthesis of a variety of hydrochrysene analogues. Oxidation of trans-anti-trans-2-methoxy-8β-acetoxy-10a -methyl-4b, 5, 6, 6a, 7, 8, 9, 10, 10a, 10b, 11, 12-dodecahydrochrysene (XVI) with t-butyl chromate solution gave not only the 12-keto derivative (XIX), but the 5-keto octahydrochrysene analogue (XX) as well as small amounts of the octahydrochrysene (XVII) and the hexahydrochrysene analogue (XVIII). The olefinic bond at the 11, 12 position of ring C (XXII) was introduced by reduction of the 12-keto derivative (XIX) with sodium borohydride, followed by dehydration with phosphorus pentoxide. Subsequent ozonization of XXII yielded the dialde-hyde (XXIV). The olefinic bond at the 5, 6 position of ring B (XVIII) was introduced by the same procedure as in the ring C series. This hexahydrochrysene analogue (XVIII) was reacted with osmium tetroxide to provide the diol (XXVI), which upon treatment with periodic acid yielded the aldol condensation product directly without isolation of the dialdehyde. Nuclear magnetic resonance (n. m. r.) spectroscopy was found to be a powerful tool for the purpose of the characterization of these rather complex molecules. / Science, Faculty of / Chemistry, Department of / Graduate