Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SergioCG_DISSERT.pdf: 3503031 bytes, checksum: b6760a8c224fd3c175ef2a6b372b70da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-13 / The state of Rio Grande do Norte, possessor of an extremely irregular regime of rains, has the necessity of enlarge and specify the researches about its own hydro-climatic conditions, to achieve trustworthy results that are able to minimize the adversities imposed by these conditions and make possible the implementation of a better planning in the economic activities and of subsistence that somehow utilize of the multiple uses of hydro resources of the State. This way, the daily values observed from the pluviometric series of 166 posts, with 45 years uninterrupted of historic data, were adjusted to the incomplete gamma function to the determination of the probability of rain in the 36 period of ten days in which the year was divided. To the attainment of the α and β parameters of this function it was applied the method of the maximum verisimilitude allowing, in the end, to analyze the temporal and spatial distribution of the rain in the level of 75% of probability. The values of potential evapo-transpiration were calculated by the Linacre method that, through the SURFER software, were confronted with the dependant rain, obtaining, in this way, the spatialization of the potential hydro availability, which the values can be known to any period of ten days of the year, city and/or region of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. With the identification of the main meteorological systems that act in the State, we sought to better comprehend how this systems interfere, in the irregular regime of rain, in the situations of several clime in the major part of Rio Grande do Norte and in the hydro regional balance. And, finally, with these data in hand and with the generated maps, we verified that space-temporal distribution of the rain and of the potential hydro availability were heterogeneous in the whole State, mainly in the West and Central regions, inserted in potiguar s semi-arid, which, after the period of the rains station, suffers with dry season and length drought during the rest of the year / O Rio Grande do Norte, Estado possuidor de um regime pluvial extremamente irregular, tem a necessidade de ampliar e detalhar os estudos sobre as suas condi??es hidroclim?ticas, para poder chegar a resultados confi?veis que minimizem as adversidades impostas por elas e viabilizem a implanta??o de um melhor planejamento nas atividades econ?micas e de subsist?ncia que se utilizam, de alguma forma, dos v?rios usos m?ltiplos dos recursos h?dricos do Estado. Dessa forma, os valores di?rios observados das s?ries pluviom?tricas de 166 postos, com 45 anos ininterruptos de dados hist?ricos, foram ajustados ? fun??o gama incompleta para a determina??o da probabilidade de precipita??o nos 36 dec?ndios que foi dividido o ano. Para a obten??o dos par?metros α e β dessa fun??o, foi aplicado o m?todo da m?xima verossimilhan?a, permitindo, ao final, analisar as distribui??es temporal e espacial de precipita??o no n?vel de 75% de probabilidade. Os valores da evapotranspira??o potencial foram calculados pelo m?todo de Linacre que, atrav?s do software SURFER, foram confrontados com a precipita??o dependente, obtendo-se a espacializa??o da disponibilidade h?drica potencial, cujos valores podem ser conhecidos para quaisquer dec?ndios do ano, munic?pio e/ou mesorregi?o do estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Com a identifica??o dos principais sistemas meteorol?gicos que atuam no Estado, buscou-se compreender melhor como esses sistemas interferem no regime pluvial irregular, nas situa??es de clima severo na maior parte do Rio Grande do Norte e no balan?o h?drico regional. E, finalmente, de posse dessas informa??es e dos mapas gerados, verifica-se que as distribui??es espa?o-temporal da precipita??o e da disponibilidade h?drica potencial s?o bastante heterog?neas em todo Estado, notadamente nas mesorregi?es Oeste e Central, inseridas no semi-?rido potiguar, que, ap?s o per?odo da esta??o chuvosa, sofrem com as secas ou estiagens prolongadas durante o restante do ano