We propose a novel method for generating synthetic X-rays from atypical inputs. This method creates approximate X-rays for use in non-diagnostic visualization problems where only generic cameras and sensors are available. Traditional methods are restricted to 3-D inputs such as meshes or Computed Tomography (CT) scans. We create custom synthetic X-ray datasets using a custom generator capable of creating RGB images, point cloud images, and 2-D pose images. We create a dataset using natural hand poses and train general-purpose Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGANs) as well as our own novel network pix2xray. Our results show the successful plausibility of generating X-rays from point cloud and RGB images. We also demonstrate the superiority of our pix2xray approach, especially in the troublesome cases of occlusion due to overlapping or rotated anatomy. Overall, our work establishes a baseline that synthetic X-rays can be simulated using inputs such as RGB images and point cloud.

The research investigated the artistic and photographic processes corresponding with two studies motivated by the artist's personal history and focused on the role, affect, and history of various female idols represented in art history, religion, and modern American popular media. The first part of the study documented female models as they were simultaneously asked by the artist to think of a range of personal but nonspecific moments from her life, the women were asked not to share their thoughts, only the moment spent thinking, with the artist. The second part of the study documented aspiring models as they awoke during sunrise in the nightwear they slept in (fig 1). This study incorporated landscapes near the models home. A similar notion is iii exemplified between the two studies as the models are asked to procure an intimacy with the photographer and in consequence with the viewer. The written part of the study gathered information regarding the female idols presence in a variety of cultures and eras, which transitioned to question the female idols current role in western culture. Findings showed that all idols stress an approved appearance, behavior and morality; furthermore research shows that the modern female idol stresses an importance on appearance more than any other factor. The research continued by breaking down the importance of a viewer-subject relationship in iconography and other artworks. A focus was made on what factors might create this viewer-subject relationship, and furthermore what do the subtleties of the subject tell the viewer. Reference of the artist's memories of an inconsistent female role model in her own life combined with the idols that were constantly solicited by the media resulted in this investigation. A positive relationship was found between the photographic process and the study of models in personal moments.

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published_or_final_version / Literary and Cultural Studies / Master / Master of Arts

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The relationship between symmetry and apparent reversals of enantiomorphic (mirror-reflected) objects was investigated. Subjects were presented with a series of standard and enantiomorphic books with various structural symmetries. The object directions (top-front-right) assigned to standard books were compared with the directions assigned to their enantiomorphs and the axes of apparent reversal determined. The primary finding was that apparent reversals were not limited to the left-right dimension. Reversals of top-bottom and front-back were also obtained. In most cases, apparent reversals occurred along the axis of structural (geometric) symmetry. However, symmetry defined in structural terms did not always predict apparent reversals. In certain cases, subjects perceived reversals most often along the left-right axis, even though (depending on the book) reversals of top-bottom or front-back were equally possible. The concept of perceived symmetry, which includes but is not limited to structural symmetry, is developed. Also, the influence of perceived symmetry on frames of reference is discussed.

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