Earths most abundant biomolecules, carbohydrates, offer tremendous potential forelectricity production. Carbohydrate fuel cells are electrical fuel cells that can harvest the stored electrons in carbohydrates and offer a cheap and efficient method that could help solve growing energy demands, while providing a renewable green energy source. Viologen-mediated carbohydrate fuel cells have demonstrated the ability to accelerate carbohydrate oxidation while decreasing partial or incomplete oxidation products reducing the electricity production. Subsequent studies suggested polymeric viologen compounds could improve the efficiency by increasing the local concentration of viologen. This thesis presents the utility of surface-immobilized viologen mediators for the oxidation of simple carbohydrates. Methyl viologen formed a self-assembled monolayer on a gold electrode surface to enhance its electrocatalytic oxidation of dihydroxyacetone, fructose, and glucose. The thiolated viologen formed surface adsorbed films on the gold electrodes that where consistent with monolayers and were characterized by quartz crystal microbalance and cyclic voltammetry. Cyclic voltammetry indicated that carbohydrates can generate electricity when combined with methyl viologen. Monolayer formation of methyl viologen indicates that immobilized mediators can be used to enhance oxidation of simple carbohydrates to generate electricity. This same tethered mediator strategy could be used for other mediators to increase their electrochemical efficiency in carbohydrate fuel cells.