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One for all, all for one? : An analysis of EU Member States' positions on a European external energy policyTalvén, Erica January 2022 (has links)
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 has once again demonstrated that the European Union does not have a common external energy policy since it has struggled to take on a common energy position towards Russia. Prior research has stated that this can mainly be attributed to member states' divergent energy supply objectives towards Russia, which can be divided into two groups. One group comprises Central and East European member states who want to reduce their import dependencies on Russia. The other group, mainly composed of Western member states, seek to maintain their relations with Russia. This paper analyzes how these two groups' divergent energy supply objectives have changed and how these objectives can explain the lack of consensus regarding an external energy policy of the EU. Three hypotheses are constructed on rational choice and sociological institutionalism. The main findings are that member states' energy supply objectives towards Russia have changed. Both groups of member states have attempted to reduce their import dependencies on Russia. At the same time, the countries continue to pursue their energy supply objectives at the bilateral level, which can be explained by member states' divergent perceptions of solidarity.
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