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Exogenous prostaglandins (PGs) have been reported to suppress or to promote the function of the primate corpus luteum in vitro and in vivo, but the role of endogenous ovarian prostaglandins in regulating luteal function during the menstrual cycle is unknown. Infusion (via osmotic pump) of the prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor sodium meclofenamate into the corpus luteum, but not via the jugular vein, during the midluteal phase of the menstrual cycle resulted in a decline in progesterone levels and premature menses in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). These results suggest that meclofenamate suppresses the production of an obligatory luteotropic prostaglandin or other metabolite of arachidonic acid. We were unable to confirm that ovarian prostaglandin synthesis was diminished during treatment, since we could not consistently measure a gradient in PGE or PGF₂(α) across the ovary. Dispersed cells from the macaque corpus luteum produced PGF₂(α) in vitro. Production was stimulated by exposure to arachidonic acid and was inhibited by meclofenamate and another prostaglandin-synthesis inhibitor, flurbiprofen. Although the two drugs were potent inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis in vitro, intraluteal infusion of flurbiprofen in monkeys did not mimic the luteolytic effects of meclofenamate. These studies provide the first evidence of an obligatory luteotropic role for a metabolite of arachidonic acid during the primate luteal phase. However the data suggest that the luteolytic effect of meclofenamate in vivo is not mediated entirely by the inhibition of local prostaglandin synthesis. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanism(s) of meclofenamate-induced luteolysis and to identify the putative obligatory luteotropin.

Electrophoresis of solutes was studied in aqueous two-phase systems, concentrating on the special behavior in the interfacial region. Moving boundary electrophoresis was examined in a free fluid U-tube apparatus. Zone electrophoresis was investigated in two-phase systems which were gelled by the addition of acrylamide, which was subsequently polymerized. The size and nature (concentration or dilution) of polarizations which were found to occur was found to depend on the magnitude of the equilibrium partition coefficient of the solute in the two-phase system, as well as the direction of migration across the interface. These polarizations are in addition to those commonly known to occur near regions where electrophoretic flux changes radically, such as near interfaces. They can be a direct result of the requirement for equilibrium across the interface, as demonstrated by our experiments. Models were constructed to numerically simulate this behavior, which accounted for unsteady state electrophoresis and diffusion of multiple proteins or other amphoteric solutes. Two cases were explored, one requiring instantaneous solute equilibration across the interface, the other allowing for a resistance to mass transfer here. All models demonstrated a characteristic noted in experimental studies, concentration at interfaces when electrophoresis is from equilibrium preferred phase towards non-preferred phase. Furthermore, the equilibrium model correctly predicted the complex relationship between partition coefficient, direction of migration, and moving boundary or zone electrophoresis, which causes differences in the polarizations observed in these various systems. The simulation could also quantitatively estimate the width of the polarized region to within an order of magnitude, in comparison with experimental results, while hampered by a lack of mobility data for solutes in solutions containing polymers.

Pulsed-beam Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy (PBFTMS) was used to determine the rotational structure of N-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thione. PBFTMS was also used to determine the rotational structure of a hydrogen dimer between propiolic acid and formic acid. Rotational constants and quadrupole coupling constants were determined. Calculations (MP2/DFT) were utilized in predicting the isotopic structures. Isotopic data (D, and ¹³C) and normal isotopomers collected were used in establishing of key structural parameters such as bond length and bond angles.

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