This work presents two novel optimization problems, both categorized as synchronized vehicle routing and multimode scheduling problems, which originate from planning problems in agricultural logistics. Although they have several similarities, they differ in some aspects: One problem involves the exact synchronization of operations where two or more vehicles must be synchronized to perform a task. The other problem involves movement synchronization, i.e. some vehicles require another vehicle to move between locations. An extensive literature review shows the novelty of these planning problems. For both problems and some problem variants, this study presents mixed-integer programs that define the problems and allow small problem instances to be solved with a mixed-integer programming solver. The influence of certain problem properties on the value of the objective function is analyzed through extensive computational experiments. In addition, the problem properties of the variants are compared with their base problem with regard to the trade-off between computing time and model detail. The application of a general matheuristic approach allows solving larger problem instances. The performance of the matheuristic is benchmarked against the results of mixed integer programming approach. However, comparisons of the matheuristics performance between both problem types is difficult due to the different problem structure. Finally, the computational experiments are extended to provide practitioners with insights into resource allocation. Tis includes the application of the matheuristic approach to some real-world problem instances.

SOCIAL INNOVATION AND DESIGN CHALLENGES:Introduction - Deficits and Potentials of digital pain assessment Pain assessment and pain mechanisms Challanges and deficits of digital pain assessment Design and development processes for medical software Development and utilistation of a flexible design framework Background Development of criteria for the framework Application of a flexible framework in the design process Result: Demonstrator for haptic-visual pain assessment Summary and discussion References / This paper offers a comprehensive new approach to design research in the field of digital health, by describing the development of a novel pain assessment tool based on the haptic-visual modelling of interactive graphics. The project is developed in cooperation between the Faculty of Art and Design of the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar and the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine at Jena University Hospital. Methodologically, a series of action design research studies are carried out in which stakeholders (patients and health care professionals, HCPs) are involved. The distinctive approach of this project is the use of a framework, which guides the design process. In contrast to the definition of user requirements, which is common in the development of (medical) software products, this framework addresses the pain concept emerging in the use of the assessment tool as an ‹agentiality› of the design. In doing so, aspects of pain medicine are taken into account in shaping a certain agentiality. As a result, for the first time, a pain assessment tool is developed that does not adress pain in a positivist sense, but rather reflects the agentic properties of the tool in its use.:Introduction - Deficits and Potentials of digital pain assessment Pain assessment and pain mechanisms Challanges and deficits of digital pain assessment Design and development processes for medical software Development and utilistation of a flexible design framework Background Development of criteria for the framework Application of a flexible framework in the design process Result: Demonstrator for haptic-visual pain assessment Summary and discussion References

SOCIAL INNOVATION AND DESIGN CHALLENGES:Part 1: Men of Action Complex Systems, messy Worlds The Black Box Part 2: The concealment strategy Problems have never been wicked Design Literacy References / This paper offers a close reading of Horst Rittel’s and Melvin Webber’s often cited, yet rarely challenged or historically situated publication on wicked problems «Dilemmas in a General Theory of Planning,» published in 1973. My aim is to (1) lay out the consequences of understanding problems of social policy as wicked – a quality that evades naming actors responsible and marks problems as inevitable and unknowable and (2) historicize some of the assumptions that developed under the rubric of wickedness by examining the political, social, and cultural conditions in which wicked problems were conceived. I am invested in a denaturalization of design fixes as a predominant design response to crisis by contemplating the (unintended) consequences of adopting wickedness as a design paradigm.:Part 1: Men of Action Complex Systems, messy Worlds The Black Box Part 2: The concealment strategy Problems have never been wicked Design Literacy References

DESIGNING GOVERNANCE – POWER AND COMPLICITY:Introduction Transfer as adaptation and concretisation Transferring Theories trough design methodologies Foundation: Doughnut economics Reflection on the impact of Design Scientific tandems Monitoring transfer projects Outlook Acknowledgements References / Sustainability by Design (SBYD) investigates how design methodologies can be used to transfer knowledge from sustainability research into society and the economy. In this paper, we use the concept of mode 2 science to examine how the understanding of knowledge transfer has changed. Drawing on this, we examine why design methodologies are particularly well-suited as a transfer medium. We argue that their use is promising within sustainable transformation, to bring theories and scientific findings into new contexts, to disseminate these to a wider audience, and to concretise and develop transformative knowledge further in the process. Furthermore, the paper presents the underlying theories and structures of SBYD and shows how, in our practical work, these theories are translated into concrete methods and formats. Finally, we discuss the possibilities of evaluating the use of design within transfer processes, thus assessing its impact and limitations.:Introduction Transfer as adaptation and concretisation Transferring Theories trough design methodologies Foundation: Doughnut economics Reflection on the impact of Design Scientific tandems Monitoring transfer projects Outlook Acknowledgements References

DESIGNING GOVERNANCE – POWER AND COMPLICITY:1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 2.1 Design Framework 2.2 Smart city planning with youth 3 Case study: early stages of a co-creation process for participation formats with teenagers in Potsdam, Germany 3.1 Stakeholder overview 3.2 Workshops 4 Learnings from the case Study 4.1 Frontstage Environment: Lived realities and participatory prototyping 4.2 Backstage environment: weaving fabric over solid structure 4.3 Design challanges 5 Conclusion Acknowledgement References / In urban planning, and more recently in the planning of socalled smart cities in Germany, the active involvement of residents has become established practice. One group that has been overlooked in this regard is young people. This paper draws on a case study from the early stages of a co-creation process within the Smart City Potsdam model project, in which participation formats were co-designed with 12th grade students, to describe a new design space for youth participation. The theoretical framework of the case study is based on practice-based research, participatory and design for policy. The network of stakeholders, the four co-design workshops conducted, the learnings and challenges are described in detail. It is suggested that the translative potential and the connective approach of participatory design and co-design may be suitable to meet the challenges of involving the heterogeneous group of young people, especially teenagers, in the urban planning process. Based on the findings of the case study, the paper argues that there is a gap in research in this area and an opportunity for designers to support youth participation in urban planning.:1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 2.1 Design Framework 2.2 Smart city planning with youth 3 Case study: early stages of a co-creation process for participation formats with teenagers in Potsdam, Germany 3.1 Stakeholder overview 3.2 Workshops 4 Learnings from the case Study 4.1 Frontstage Environment: Lived realities and participatory prototyping 4.2 Backstage environment: weaving fabric over solid structure 4.3 Design challanges 5 Conclusion Acknowledgement References

DESIGNING GOVERNANCE – POWER AND COMPLICITY:1 Einleitung 1.1 Forschungsfragen 1.2 Vorgehen 2 Stereotypen, Kreativität und das Entwerfen 3 Im Auftrag: Das Briefing 4 Selbstinitiiert oder im Auftrag Dritter? 5 Kuratieren und Kollaborieren 6 Werte aushandeln: creative Entrepreneurs 7 Fazít References / Definitionen des Designs basieren meist auf mehr oder weniger expliziten Vorstellungen des Entwerfens und der Kreativität. Für die Selbst- und Fremdwahrnehmung von Designer:innen ist beides konstitutiv, ebenso die ökonomische Verankerung der Designpraxis. Anhand von Aufträgen aus dem kulturellen Sektor und der Neuausrichtung der Designförderung auf Bundesebene, untersucht der Beitrag die Konstitution von Auto- und Heterostereotypen im Schweizer Design um die Jahrtausendwende. Der Fokus der Analyse liegt auf den als diskursive Praktiken definierten Portfolio und Briefing. Befragt wird, wie die Akteur:innen in Aushandlungsprozessen kokonstituieren, wer sie sind, wenn sie ‹gestalten›. Die Analyse basiert methodisch auf der Auto- und Heterostereotypenforschung. Obgleich im Designprozess unterschiedlich positioniert, sind Portfolio und Briefing in ihrer jeweiligen Funktion Bestandteil der Ökonomisierung des Entwerfens als Teil einer umfassenden Ökonomisierung der Gesellschaft. Unterfütterten seit den 1990er Jahren die Begriffe Autorschaft und Kreativität kulturell geframte Auto- und Heterostereotypen im Design, so sahen sich Designer:innen in den Nullerjahren mit Rollenerwartungen des Creative Entrepreneurs konfrontiert. Zusammen mit dem Stereotyp des Kuratierens entstanden so zwei neue Rollenbilder. Als gemeinsames Ziel definieren die in der Ko-Konstitution verbundenen Akteur:innen Distinktion mittels kreativer Neuheit.:1 Einleitung 1.1 Forschungsfragen 1.2 Vorgehen 2 Stereotypen, Kreativität und das Entwerfen 3 Im Auftrag: Das Briefing 4 Selbstinitiiert oder im Auftrag Dritter? 5 Kuratieren und Kollaborieren 6 Werte aushandeln: creative Entrepreneurs 7 Fazít References

IMPACT AND MEASUREMENT – MANAGING RISK?:Introduction Methodological Access Theoretical Background Shaping the modern identity od designers Shaping the self through meaning and use of objects Voluntary submission by design The self has a virtue: it has become a sign The fact that we consume, defines us. not what we consume Discussion «Designed» or «By Design»? Complexity in self-design and simplicity on teh platform Not yet a conclusion Literature / This paper explores the concept of «self-design» in the digital age. It poses that while everyone is now a designer, constantly shaping their online identities, this agency is limited by capitalism due to platform constraints and accelerated consumer culture. The paper draws on theoretical concepts from design theory and structuralism to show how the idea of design has evolved from first waves of design democratization to the notion that everyone is obliged to become a designer. It explores how social media platforms have turned self-presentation into a form of self-design by incorporating viewpoints from Baudrillard and Krippendorff to understand the role of consumption, advertisement and objects in shaping identity. The paper concludes by calling for a shift towards critical design theory that acknowledges the complexity of the design field, that of individuals and the underlying systems, asking for an increase in hurdles rather than to take them away.:Introduction Methodological Access Theoretical Background Shaping the modern identity od designers Shaping the self through meaning and use of objects Voluntary submission by design The self has a virtue: it has become a sign The fact that we consume, defines us. not what we consume Discussion «Designed» or «By Design»? Complexity in self-design and simplicity on teh platform Not yet a conclusion Literature

IMPACT AND MEASUREMENT – MANAGING RISK?:Gesellschaft und Design Hergestellte Wirklichkeit und Design Vom Gegebensein zum Gemachtsein Vom Gemachtsein zur Gestaltbarkeit Vom Gemachtsein zur Reflexion der Disziplin Ausblick References / Designer:innen finden in ihrer Umwelt oftmals ganz selbstverständlich Anlässe zur Gestaltung und orientieren ihre Entwürfe sowie Artefakte an aktuellen gesellschaftlichen Themen. Um dies durch ein begriffliches Vokabular zu vertiefen und auch auf theoretischer Ebene begleiten zu können, zieht der Artikel Verbindungslinien zur theoretischen Brille der Soziologen Peter L. Berger und Thomas Luckmann und ihrer Idee einer ‹gesellschaftlich konstruierten Wirklichkeit›. Dabei plädiert der Text insbesondere für eine sozialkonstruktivistische Perspektive, die sich aus der Skepsis gegenüber ‹Naturalismen›, ‹Essenzialismen› und ‹Letzt-Wahrheiten› speist.:Gesellschaft und Design Hergestellte Wirklichkeit und Design Vom Gegebensein zum Gemachtsein Vom Gemachtsein zur Gestaltbarkeit Vom Gemachtsein zur Reflexion der Disziplin Ausblick References

IMPACT AND MEASUREMENT – MANAGING RISK?:1 Introduction 2 The forest as a speculative device 2.1 You at risk: Measuring the Measurement 2.2 Other paths 2.3 Design´s afterlife 2.4 Going astray 2.5 Measuring impact with blurred glasses 2.6 Critical junctions and shortcuts 2.7 What goes around comes around Acknowledgements References / Facing the complexity of conditions and relations where design performs, it has become increasingly challenging to measure and assess its desired impact. Termed a middle culture (van Winkel, 2009) between production and consumption, understandings of design often range between a heuristic drive to contribute to positive change in the world and a profile neurosis worried about finding a place in a world that may not recognise the profession’s relevance for maintaining existential infrastructures. A profession that – despite its high hopes for making the world a better place – is often being blamed for its complicity with economic-political systems that exploit resources and cause environmental damage. While an awareness of the wickedness of such problems has certainly been raised, alternatives to the impact paradigm are rarely explored. What effects does design aim for? Which assessment criteria and alternative evaluation methods could open alternative perspectives to notorious dichotomies of failure vs success, impact vs side-effect, optimisation vs obsolescence? [from the Introduction]:1 Introduction 2 The forest as a speculative device 2.1 You at risk: Measuring the Measurement 2.2 Other paths 2.3 Design´s afterlife 2.4 Going astray 2.5 Measuring impact with blurred glasses 2.6 Critical junctions and shortcuts 2.7 What goes around comes around Acknowledgements References

SHIFTING PERSPEKTIVES – EXPLORING THE UNKOWN:1 Introduction and context 1.1 From human-centered to planetary-centered design 1.2 Theorising the more-than-human: Nature-Culture Models 1.3 The ontological dimension of design 1.4 The epistemiligical body 2 Practicing the debate 2.1 The Body as a resource 2.2 Humans as Humus 3 Conclusion References / The paper questions the ontological separation of humans and nature on which the classical understanding of design is based and presents nature-culture models as an alternative in the context of global challenges such as the climate crisis. These models rest on relational ontologies and emphasise the entanglements and interdependencies of all human and non-human actors. To explore these entanglements, the human body, in both its material and experiential dimensions, is emphasised as an epistemological source. Using examples of Rockström’s planetary boundaries model, the paper shows how humans, their bodies and their actions are connected to the environment and ecological cycles and how they themselves can serve as a resource and regenerative link in ecological networks. Following the concept of relational ontologies, a new paradigm for design that recognises these ecological relationships, and the interdependence of humans and nature is explored through an embodied approach.:1 Introduction and context 1.1 From human-centered to planetary-centered design 1.2 Theorising the more-than-human: Nature-Culture Models 1.3 The ontological dimension of design 1.4 The epistemiligical body 2 Practicing the debate 2.1 The Body as a resource 2.2 Humans as Humus 3 Conclusion References