No description available.

Abstract not available

Poon, Shui-Kei. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-98). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract (in English) --- p.ii / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.iv / Acknowledgement --- p.vi / Table of content --- p.vii / List of figures --- p.x / Symbols and abbreviations --- p.xii / Chapter 1 General Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- Structure of ovarian follicles --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Folliculogenesis and its control --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- History of inhibin discovery --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Inhibin and its related proteins --- p.5 / Chapter 1.3 --- Inhibin --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Structure --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Function --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Signaling --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Expression --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Regulation --- p.15 / Chapter 1.4 --- Objectives of the present study --- p.19 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- Spatiotemperoal Expression Profiles of Inhibin a in the Zebrafish Ovary / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.25 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Animals --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Chemicals --- p.27 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Separation of oocytes and follicular layers --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Isolation of ovarian follicles --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- RNA isolation and reverse transcription --- p.28 / Chapter 2.2.6 --- Real-time and semi-quantitative RT-PCR quantification of expression --- p.29 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Data analysis --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Validation of semi-quantitative RT-PCR quantification --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Tissue distribution of inha expression --- p.30 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Localization of inha expression within the ovarian follicle --- p.31 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Further evidence for inha expression in the follicle layer --- p.31 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Stage-dependent expression of inha in the ovarian follicles --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussion --- p.33 / Chapter Chapter 3 --- Regulation of Inhibin a Expression in vitro and in vivo and the Effect of Inhibin on Final Oocyte Maturation / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.43 / Chapter 3.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Animals --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Chemicals and hormones --- p.46 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Preparation of goldfish pituitary extract --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Ovarian fragment incubation --- p.47 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Preparation of spontaneously matured follicles --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Intra-peritoneal injection --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- RNA isolation and reverse transcription --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.8 --- Real-time and semi-quantitative RT-PCR quantification of expression --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2.9 --- Data analysis --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Validation of semi-quantitative RT-PCR quantification --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Temporal change of basal inha expression in cultured ovarian fragments --- p.49 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Effect of pituitary extract on the expression of inha --- p.50 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Effects of recombinant zebrafish FSH and LH on inha expression --- p.51 / Chapter 3.3.5 --- Effect of forskolin on inha expression --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.6 --- Involvement of PKA and p38MAPK in the pituitary extract and forskolin-induced up-regulation of inha expression --- p.52 / Chapter 3.3.7 --- Effect of recombinant zfFSH on the expression of inha in vivo --- p.53 / Chapter 3.3.8 --- Effects of inhibin on the basal and DHP-induced final oocyte maturation --- p.53 / Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.54 / Chapter Chapter 4 --- General Discussion --- p.71 / References --- p.78

No description available.

No description available.

Inhibin and activin are disulphide-linked dimeric proteins that belong to the transforming growth factor superfamily. Inhibin and activin are identified that they have ability to modulate the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH, from pituitary. Activin can stimulate FSH secretion, on the other hand, inhibin can inhibit FSH production. According to many researches, inhibin and activin play an important roles in regulation of reproduction. Black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) is belong to protandry.that has a complex regulation in sex differentiation and development. The male differentiation in black porgy started at fourth month, and the testis become mature when the spawing season coming.in the first two year in black porgy, they are differentiate to functional males, and some of them will change to females in the third year. The objectives were to study the possible roles of inhibin¡Bactivin subunits and their receptors in sex differentiation and sex change in black porgy. The gene expression of activin system increase during the period of ovarian development. The expression of activin receptors in ovarian tissue are higher than in testis tissue in the testis-excision experiment. The expression of inhbab ¡Bacvr1and acvr2b after testis-excision are higher than in control in black porgy forebrain. The expression of inhbaa increase at four to five months after hatching in 0+-yr old black porgy, and the expression of inhbb and receptors decrease at the same time. According to these results, activin system may involve in the ovarian development and mature, and play important roles in testis differentiation and development in black porgy. Furthermore, activin system have sex dimorphisms in forebrain in black porgy.

Utilizaram-se 27 ratos Wistar, machos com 98 dias de idade, originados do Biotério da FMVZ-USP, com o objetivo de avaliar os possíveis efeitos do diabetes mellitus, sobre a função reprodutiva relacionada ao macho.Os animais foram divididos em três grupos, grupo A (GA) constituído de 10 animais sadios, grupo B (GB) constituído de oito ratos Wistar, com diabetes mellitus induzida quimicamente através da administração intraperitonial de estreptozotocina (65mg/Kg) e grupo C (GC) constituído por nove animais com diabetes mellitus induzida quimicamente pela administração intraperitonial de estreptozotocina (65mg/Kg), associada a insulinoterapia (3UI/rato por dia). Após quatro dias da administração da droga (GB e GC), os animais pertencentes ao grupo C (GC) receberam insulinoterapia (três IU/rato/dia) durante 42 dias. No final do experimento (46 dias após a administração da estreptozotocina), os animais foram sacrificados e foram observados os seguintes resultados; O diabetes mellitus leva ao aumento da glicemia, diminuição do peso corpóreo, diminuição do peso e tamanho testicular, diminuição das concentrações séricas de testosterona e FSH. Porém através da avaliação dos níveis séricos de inibina B, foi constatado que o diabetes não promove nem redução, nem aumento das concentrações séricas desse hormônio. Conclui-se também que a reposição exógena de insulina foi capaz de impedir a diminuição do peso corporal, redução do peso testicular, diminuição dos níveis de testosterona e FSH, porém apesar da insulinoterapia ter impedido a diminuição do peso corpóreo, não foi capaz de proporcionar o mesmo desenvolvimento corporal observado nos animais controle. / The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the possible effect of diabetes mellitus, on the reproductive function in male rats. Towards this end, 27 male Wistar rats (98 days old), housed at the FMVZ-USP animal holding facility, were randomly assigned into three groups: Group A (GA) consisting of 10 healthy animals; Group B(GB) consisting of eight Wistar rats, with diabetes mellitus chemically induced through the intraperitoneal administration of estreptozotocin (65mg/Kg); and C group (GC) constituted by nine animals with diabetes mellitus chemically induced by the intraperitoneal administration of estreptozotocin (65mg/Kg), associate to an insulin treatment (3IU/rat per day for 42 days) that begun 4 days after the streptozotocin administration. Animals were euthanized 46 days after the administration of the estreptozotocin and the following results were obtained: diabetes mellitus led to an increase of the glicemia, reduction of the corporeal weight, decreased testicular wheight, serum concentrations of testosterone and FSH. No effect of diabeted were found for the serum levels of inhibin B. Results suggested that the exogen replacement of insulin was capable of hindering the reduction on corporal weight, reduction of testicular weight and reduction of the testosterone levels and FSH. On the other hand despite the fact that insulin treatament was capable of avoiding the reduction on bofy weight, it was not capable to provide similar body development observed in the normal animals.

Utilizaram-se 27 ratos Wistar, machos com 98 dias de idade, originados do Biotério da FMVZ-USP, com o objetivo de avaliar os possíveis efeitos do diabetes mellitus, sobre a função reprodutiva relacionada ao macho.Os animais foram divididos em três grupos, grupo A (GA) constituído de 10 animais sadios, grupo B (GB) constituído de oito ratos Wistar, com diabetes mellitus induzida quimicamente através da administração intraperitonial de estreptozotocina (65mg/Kg) e grupo C (GC) constituído por nove animais com diabetes mellitus induzida quimicamente pela administração intraperitonial de estreptozotocina (65mg/Kg), associada a insulinoterapia (3UI/rato por dia). Após quatro dias da administração da droga (GB e GC), os animais pertencentes ao grupo C (GC) receberam insulinoterapia (três IU/rato/dia) durante 42 dias. No final do experimento (46 dias após a administração da estreptozotocina), os animais foram sacrificados e foram observados os seguintes resultados; O diabetes mellitus leva ao aumento da glicemia, diminuição do peso corpóreo, diminuição do peso e tamanho testicular, diminuição das concentrações séricas de testosterona e FSH. Porém através da avaliação dos níveis séricos de inibina B, foi constatado que o diabetes não promove nem redução, nem aumento das concentrações séricas desse hormônio. Conclui-se também que a reposição exógena de insulina foi capaz de impedir a diminuição do peso corporal, redução do peso testicular, diminuição dos níveis de testosterona e FSH, porém apesar da insulinoterapia ter impedido a diminuição do peso corpóreo, não foi capaz de proporcionar o mesmo desenvolvimento corporal observado nos animais controle. / The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the possible effect of diabetes mellitus, on the reproductive function in male rats. Towards this end, 27 male Wistar rats (98 days old), housed at the FMVZ-USP animal holding facility, were randomly assigned into three groups: Group A (GA) consisting of 10 healthy animals; Group B(GB) consisting of eight Wistar rats, with diabetes mellitus chemically induced through the intraperitoneal administration of estreptozotocin (65mg/Kg); and C group (GC) constituted by nine animals with diabetes mellitus chemically induced by the intraperitoneal administration of estreptozotocin (65mg/Kg), associate to an insulin treatment (3IU/rat per day for 42 days) that begun 4 days after the streptozotocin administration. Animals were euthanized 46 days after the administration of the estreptozotocin and the following results were obtained: diabetes mellitus led to an increase of the glicemia, reduction of the corporeal weight, decreased testicular wheight, serum concentrations of testosterone and FSH. No effect of diabeted were found for the serum levels of inhibin B. Results suggested that the exogen replacement of insulin was capable of hindering the reduction on corporal weight, reduction of testicular weight and reduction of the testosterone levels and FSH. On the other hand despite the fact that insulin treatament was capable of avoiding the reduction on bofy weight, it was not capable to provide similar body development observed in the normal animals.

Inhibin A and B participate to regulation of gametogenesis. We investigated their applicability as a marker of gametogenesis of men fertility disorders. We monitored the levels of inhibins during the treatment. We interested in their paracrine activity, relationship in sera, follicular fluid and seminal plasma depending on cause of fertility failure. We studied the levels of inhibin B in serum and seminal plasma from 355 men treated for fertility failure, in the context of their andrological and immunological findings (quality of spermiogrammes and acrosome area). We monitored concentration of levels of inhibin A and B in serum and follicular fluids depending on cause of fertility failure, on course and treatment outcome. We took blood samples in the time of the oocytes collection, of the embryotransfer and early pregnancy. The follicular fluids were obtained during the oocytes collection. The levels of both of inhibins were measured by ELISA in all medium (serum, follicular fluid, seminal plasma). We confirm, that inhibin B is useful marker of spermatogenesis in men, but is necessary to examine patient in complex with determination of immunology profile or quality of acrosome. Seminal plasma is, in some indicated cases, more suitable diagnostics material. Similarly inhibin B in women seems to be...

Inhibin A and B participate to regulation of gametogenesis. We investigated their applicability as a marker of gametogenesis of men fertility disorders. We monitored the levels of inhibins during the treatment. We interested in their paracrine activity, relationship in sera, follicular fluid and seminal plasma depending on cause of fertility failure. We studied the levels of inhibin B in serum and seminal plasma from 355 men treated for fertility failure, in the context of their andrological and immunological findings (quality of spermiogrammes and acrosome area). We monitored concentration of levels of inhibin A and B in serum and follicular fluids depending on cause of fertility failure, on course and treatment outcome. We took blood samples in the time of the oocytes collection, of the embryotransfer and early pregnancy. The follicular fluids were obtained during the oocytes collection. The levels of both of inhibins were measured by ELISA in all medium (serum, follicular fluid, seminal plasma). We confirm, that inhibin B is useful marker of spermatogenesis in men, but is necessary to examine patient in complex with determination of immunology profile or quality of acrosome. Seminal plasma is, in some indicated cases, more suitable diagnostics material. Similarly inhibin B in women seems to be...