The aim of the thesis is to analyse the process of debt collection in insolvency proceed-ings, to define the rights and obligations of all parties to the proceedings and to apply in practice. The whole thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the issue of claims enforcement from the theoretical point of view. There is defined the insolvency pro-ceedings and the ways of it is solution, the typology of claims, review and subsequent satisfaction of claims. The conclusion of the theoretical part of the thesis is a brief com-parison of insolvency proceedings in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The second part of the thesis builds on the previous theoretical knowledge and analyses the process of asserting claims in a real Czech company. The subject of the research is to analyse the methodological processes of the company in the event that the client en-ters into insolvency proceedings. The practical part of the thesis also includes the appli-cation of the claim according to the methodological procedures of the company. Based on the information obtained through application practice in a particular company, the thesis concludes with de lege ferenda proposals with regard to current sources of law.

<p>To be able to protect themselves from credit risk, the banks must constantly check the performance of  the companies they have lent money to. There are many mathematical models for predicting financial distress. These models use accounting-based ratios, which often are historical and not representative for the present situation. This study describes how the banks do in practice to find signals of insolvency in time and the variables they are observing for doing that.</p><p>In addition to financial reports which the company sends in to the bank at least once a year, also the relationship between them and information from different information  agencies are of great importance to track  signals of insolvency. Poor profitability is the primary cause of insolvency. It is caused mainly because of bad business and leadership.  Eventually will  poor profitability lead  to consuming of equity capital and place the company in an illiquid situation. Then it may be difficult for the company to pay their bills and signals of insolvency become obvious and  the  banks start then to sharpen  their attention on the companies and intensify the follow-up works.</p><p>Another find-out  of the  study  is  that local factors which  are  contributing to failure are  the  large companies that are active  in the area. When they are in a bad situation, it affects the suppliers. The big difference between service and manufacturing companies  regarding insolvency  is  that service companies are more flexible regarding cutting down costs when bad times come.</p> / <p>För att undvika stora kreditförluster måste bankerna ständigt bevaka de företag som de har lånat pengar till och försöka förutse signaler om obestånd för dem. Det finns många matematiska modeller för  att förutse  konkursrisken. Problemet är dock att dessa modeller använder redovisningsbaserade data vilka oftast utgör  en historisk ögonblicksbild av den finansiella ställningen då de skrivs ner  och inte är representativa for den nuvarande situationen. Denna studie redogör för hur bankerna i praktiken gör för att identifiera  signaler om obestånd i tid och vilka variabler de tittar på för att göra det.</p><p>Förutom finansiella rapporter som företaget sänder in till banken minst en gång om året, har även relationen  parterna  emellan  och  information  från  olika upplysningsbyråer stor betydelse för att spåra signaler  om obestånd  i förväg. Dålig lönsamhet är den främsta orsaken till obestånd. Den  orsakas  främst av dåligt företagande och dålig ledarskap. Så småningom kommer dålig lönsamhet att  leda  till  att det egna kapitalet förbrukas och företaget hamnar i en illikvid situation. Då  kommer  företaget  få det  svårt att  betala  sina räkningar  och signalerna  för obestånd  börjar  dyka upp. Banken börjar då  skärpa uppmärksamheten och intensifiera uppföljningsarbetet.</p><p>Det kom också fram i undersökningen  att lokala faktorer som bidrar till obestånd är stora företag som är verksamma i området. När det börjar gå dåligt för dem påverkar det underleverantörer och inhyrda konsulter.  Den stora skillnaden mellan tjänste-  och tillverkningsföretag, vad gäller obeståndsrisken, ligger i att tjänsteföretag är mer flexibla angående nedskärning av kostnaderna när dåliga tider kommer.</p>

To be able to protect themselves from credit risk, the banks must constantly check the performance of  the companies they have lent money to. There are many mathematical models for predicting financial distress. These models use accounting-based ratios, which often are historical and not representative for the present situation. This study describes how the banks do in practice to find signals of insolvency in time and the variables they are observing for doing that. In addition to financial reports which the company sends in to the bank at least once a year, also the relationship between them and information from different information  agencies are of great importance to track  signals of insolvency. Poor profitability is the primary cause of insolvency. It is caused mainly because of bad business and leadership.  Eventually will  poor profitability lead  to consuming of equity capital and place the company in an illiquid situation. Then it may be difficult for the company to pay their bills and signals of insolvency become obvious and  the  banks start then to sharpen  their attention on the companies and intensify the follow-up works. Another find-out  of the  study  is  that local factors which  are  contributing to failure are  the  large companies that are active  in the area. When they are in a bad situation, it affects the suppliers. The big difference between service and manufacturing companies  regarding insolvency  is  that service companies are more flexible regarding cutting down costs when bad times come. / För att undvika stora kreditförluster måste bankerna ständigt bevaka de företag som de har lånat pengar till och försöka förutse signaler om obestånd för dem. Det finns många matematiska modeller för  att förutse  konkursrisken. Problemet är dock att dessa modeller använder redovisningsbaserade data vilka oftast utgör  en historisk ögonblicksbild av den finansiella ställningen då de skrivs ner  och inte är representativa for den nuvarande situationen. Denna studie redogör för hur bankerna i praktiken gör för att identifiera  signaler om obestånd i tid och vilka variabler de tittar på för att göra det. Förutom finansiella rapporter som företaget sänder in till banken minst en gång om året, har även relationen  parterna  emellan  och  information  från  olika upplysningsbyråer stor betydelse för att spåra signaler  om obestånd  i förväg. Dålig lönsamhet är den främsta orsaken till obestånd. Den  orsakas  främst av dåligt företagande och dålig ledarskap. Så småningom kommer dålig lönsamhet att  leda  till  att det egna kapitalet förbrukas och företaget hamnar i en illikvid situation. Då  kommer  företaget  få det  svårt att  betala  sina räkningar  och signalerna  för obestånd  börjar  dyka upp. Banken börjar då  skärpa uppmärksamheten och intensifiera uppföljningsarbetet. Det kom också fram i undersökningen  att lokala faktorer som bidrar till obestånd är stora företag som är verksamma i området. När det börjar gå dåligt för dem påverkar det underleverantörer och inhyrda konsulter.  Den stora skillnaden mellan tjänste-  och tillverkningsföretag, vad gäller obeståndsrisken, ligger i att tjänsteföretag är mer flexibla angående nedskärning av kostnaderna när dåliga tider kommer.

The lack of clarity of Canadian insolvency legislation with respect to the treatment of environmental claims has left Canadian courts wondering whether they should advance the public order policies embodied in the environmental legislation or promote creditors' interests and the private relief afforded by bankruptcy. This thesis examines the state of the law on the question and provides a critical assessment of the legislation and the relevant case law. The author points to the flaws of the legislation and its judicial interpretation, while uncovering the underlying reasons for the existence of such a confused body of jurisprudence. Building on these findings, the author proposes a reform of the insolvency legislation that would uphold the protection of the environment as a fundamental value in Canadian society.

The lack of clarity of Canadian insolvency legislation with respect to the treatment of environmental claims has left Canadian courts wondering whether they should advance the public order policies embodied in the environmental legislation or promote creditors' interests and the private relief afforded by bankruptcy. This thesis examines the state of the law on the question and provides a critical assessment of the legislation and the relevant case law. The author points to the flaws of the legislation and its judicial interpretation, while uncovering the underlying reasons for the existence of such a confused body of jurisprudence. Building on these findings, the author proposes a reform of the insolvency legislation that would uphold the protection of the environment as a fundamental value in Canadian society.

Universiẗat, Diss.--Tübingen, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 450-471).

This dissertation deals with the legal aspects of bankruptcy. Bankruptcy is one of the ways of resolving insolvency, which was incorporated in the Czech legislation in 2008. The first part contains a literature review and also analyses the applicable legis lation and the case law issued. In the second part the work deals with indebtedness of households and companies, the duration of insolvency proceedings, yield of insolvency proceedings. The third part provides a practical "how-to" for debtors. It guides the debtor who filed the insolvency petition through the insolvency proceedings. This pro-ceeding is initiated by filing in an insolvency petition. Such proposal can be filed by the debtor or creditor. In our case the insolvency petition was filed by the creditor. The dissertation furthermore deals with proceedings before the decision on the bankruptcy. This procedure is followed by proceedings after decisions on bankruptcy where the method of resolving insolvency is chosen. Bankruptcy proceedings end by resolution on the cancellation of bankruptcy. This is followed by closing the accounting books by insolvency administrator and a court resolution acquitting the function of the insolvency administrator.

v anglickém jazyce This diploma thesis main objective is to analyse those parts of the Czech insolvency law dealing with the assets and at the same time to define all related terms. The partial objective of the thesis is to identify the 2006 Insolvency Act provisions relating to the assets which appear to be inadequate and to propose possible legislative changes. The objective of the thesis was fulfilled. An analysis of the key provisions of the Insolvency Act dealing with the assets was carried out and all of the important terms were defined. As the author of the thesis concludes that the current legislation is rather efficient, he suggests only some partial changes, such as the extension of the time limit, during which the former members of the management of the debtor - legal entity are obliged to cooperate with the insolvency trustee. Regarding its systematics, the thesis is divided into seven chapters, most of which are subdivided into subchapters. The first chapter deals with the historical development of insolvency law in the territory of today's Czech Republic. It maps the legal regulations from the 18th century to the present, with the greatest attention being paid to the current insolvencylaw and explaining its most significant recent amendments. The definition of assets in the Czech and...

The thesis focuses on the concept of assets, which represents one of the most basic and most important notions of the insolvency law. Assets within the meaning of the Insolvency Act are intended to satisfy the debtor's creditors. The correct finding and recording of the relevant assets and the and the following stages of the insolvency proceedings have a crucial impact on the level of satisfaction that will be given to the debtor's creditors. Step by step, the present thesis introduces to the reader the legal regulation of the most important legal terms related to the insolvency assets. Starting with the definition of the term assets to the inventory phase, where the relevant assets are recorded. In the context of this phase, the thesis addresses the duty of co-operation by the debtor in the insolvency proceedings. The thesis continues to deal with the inventory of the insolvency assets, including the asset valuation. Not even the description of the possibilities of defending the wrong classification of the property in the inventory of assets is missing. The next chapter, in turn, deals with the handling and management of insolvency assets by the insolvency administrator. The last chapter focuses on possible ways of monetizing assets, whereby the different ways are compared to each other and the...

This thesis aims to provide a summary overview of instruments of Czech law preventing insolvency petitions of being misused by the creditors and to asses, whether the current legislation provides sufficient protection for borrowers against fraudulent insolvency petitions and on the contrary, whether it does not disproportionately restrict the rights of creditors eligible to enforce their claims towards the borrower in bankruptcy. After the first chapter which defines the basic terms and concepts of the insolvency law, which are used further in the thesis, follows a chapter defining the term "fraudulent insolvency petition" itself and the common motivations of the creditors thereto. The third chapter analyses the particular instruments of private law suitable to provide protection against fraudulent insolvency petitions. The main part of this thesis is contained in the first part of this chapter, which describes the particular instruments of the Insolvency Act providing for protection of borrowers against fraudulent insolvency petitions. The following part of this chapter describes other instruments of private law that might be alternatively used against the fraudulent insolvency petitions. The fourth chapter then describes the criminal law consequences of the fraudulent insolvency petitions. In the...