<p>The first part of this thesis contains a literature study of current tuning techniques for continuous-time integrated filters. These tuning methods are characterised by which quantity they measure, their dependence on certain characteristics of the input signal, or matching of components on chip. The structure of the different tuning schemes are explained. The merits and drawbacks as well as achieved accuracies of previous works are summarised. </p><p>The second part is a study of wave active filters (WAFs), a less common structure for implementing active filters. In this structure the filter is realised by simulating the forward and reflected voltage waves present in the prototype filter. The main advantage of this is that the inherent low sensitivity of doubly terminated ladder-filters is better preserved than in many other structures. Two Mosfet-C realisations of Wave Active Filters have been suggested and high-level simulations have been used to compare them to the originally proposed implementation as well as a leapfrog implementation.</p>

The first part of this thesis contains a literature study of current tuning techniques for continuous-time integrated filters. These tuning methods are characterised by which quantity they measure, their dependence on certain characteristics of the input signal, or matching of components on chip. The structure of the different tuning schemes are explained. The merits and drawbacks as well as achieved accuracies of previous works are summarised. The second part is a study of wave active filters (WAFs), a less common structure for implementing active filters. In this structure the filter is realised by simulating the forward and reflected voltage waves present in the prototype filter. The main advantage of this is that the inherent low sensitivity of doubly terminated ladder-filters is better preserved than in many other structures. Two Mosfet-C realisations of Wave Active Filters have been suggested and high-level simulations have been used to compare them to the originally proposed implementation as well as a leapfrog implementation.

This master thesis deals with the problematics of CT filters and focuses on Gm – C filter. Three linearisation techniques are listed and compared in terms of linear input range, distortion and retuning. In the practical part – second - order low – pass filter is designed and its tuning capabilities are examined.

This master’s thesis deals with the design of tuneable frequency second order filter in CMOS technology. The thesis describes the design of a transconductor and its utilization for tunable gm-C filter. The design and all simulations were made in Cadence Spectre and Virtuoso software. Limitedly Orcad Pspice and SNAP were also used.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RobertoRCF_TESE.pdf: 987513 bytes, checksum: 957f5ea8a43b953deeae4b60b26191b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-18 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work presents a theoretical, numerical and computation analysis of parameters of a rectangular microstrip antenna with metamaterial substrate, fin line as a coupler and also integrated devices like integrated filter antenna. It is applied theory to full-wave of Transverse Transmission Line - TTL method, to characterize the magnitude of the substrate and obtain the general equations of the electromagnetic fields. About the metamaterial, they are characterized by permittivity and permeability tensor, reaching to the general equations for the electromagnetic fields of the antenna. It is presented a study about main representation of PBG(Photonic Band Gap) material and its applied for a specific configuration. A few parameters are simulated some structures in order to reduce the physical dimensions and increase the bandwidth. The results are presented through graphs. The theoretical and computational analysis of this work have shown accurate and relatively concise. Conclusions are drawn and suggestions for future work / Este trabalho apresenta a an?lise te?rica, num?rica e computacional dos par?metros de uma antena de microfita do tipo retangular sobre substrato metamaterial, linha de laminas na forma de acoplador e tamb?m de estruturas integrada como a antena filtro integrada. ? aplicada a teoria de onda completa do m?todo da Linha de Transmiss?o Transversa - LTT, para a caracteriza??o das grandezas do substrato e obten??o das equa??es gerais dos campos eletromagn?ticos. Sobre o metamaterial, os mesmos s?o caracterizados atrav?s de tensores permissividade e permeabilidade, chegando-se ?s equa??es gerais para os campos eletromagn?ticos da antena. ? apresentado um estudo das principais representa??es do material PBG (Photonic Band Gap) e suas aplica??es para determinadas configura??es. S?o simulados v?rios par?metros de algumas estruturas com o intuito de diminuir as dimens?es f?sicas e aumentar a largura de banda das mesmas. Os resultados s?o apresentados atrav?s de gr?ficos. A an?lise te?rico-computacional desse trabalho se mostra precisa e relativamente concisa. S?o apresentadas as conclus?es e sugest?es para trabalhos futuros

This work analyzes tuning capabilities of different fully integrated active filter topologies. Work only deals with continuous time active filters. Topologies described in this work differ in type of active element and in method of frequency tuning. Techniques of tunning are proved on second order low pass filter. Filter topologies are compared from tunning capabilities and from point of total harmonic distortion. The main building block of all filters is integrator.