The purpose of this session is to examine the clinical utility of slow harmonic acceleration (SHA) during rotary chair testing by comparing the response characteristics of SHA to caloric irrigations in 800 patients with dizziness.

The irrigation organizations have been organized in Taiwan for more than 400 years and set the foundation of Taiwan¡¦s agricultural development. This dissertation analyzes the 17 Taiwan irrigation associations¡¦ financial statements and discusses how the members of advisory board of irrigations associations interact with resources, rules and communication from the agency theory. The conclusions in the dissertation are as follows: 1.The type of city irrigation associations sold their useless assets and got the money to maintain and operate the associations. The type of country and fragmentary irrigation associations still irrigate the farms, but they have no unused assets to sell. The finance of these two types irrigation associations are not so sufficient, they should take actions to improve their finance by themselves or by the government. 2.Those factors as the levels of educations, the vocation, the types of associations-attending, the number of the types of associations-attending, the major cadres in the associations, the time to be a member of irrigation association, and be a politician or not, will influence with the members of advisory board of irrigations associations to communicate with members, know about the rules, constitute the irrigation association, and make the commitments to the associations. 3.The members of advisory board of different types of irrigation associations have different attitudes toward the constitutions of irrigation associations and the commitment of organizations. Especially the members of advisory board in the type of fragmentary irrigation associations, they are more concerned about the constitution of the irrigation associations, and the commitments of organizations are stronger. The suggestions have been addressed as follows: 1.The government should set up a system to monitor the finance of the irrigation associations. 2.The government should bring the new thoughts of business management to the irrigation associations. 3.The irrigation associations should operate more diversely. 4.The government should subsidize farming. 5.The government should support the irrigation associations to enlarge the irrigation areas.

By using the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) “polynomial” method for corn in the Mississippi Irrigation Scheduling Tool (MIST), the total number of irrigations required during the growing season can be reduced depending on the variety, growing degree days required to reach maturity, and the length of the growing season. Results showed that even though the SCS method called for irrigations earlier in the season, the method did not trigger irrigation events after the crop reached physiological maturity. In addition, although changing the timing of model initiation (planting vs emergence) was not important on the total crop water use, it may have other benefits. Lastly, Watermark 200SS sensors generally did not trigger similar irrigation events, especially around the mid-season, but shallower sensors somewhat matched and showed similar trends with the MIST modeled results and irrigation records. Therefore, using MIST with sensors may be beneficial when making precise irrigation scheduling decisions.

Introduction: Les instillations nasales de solution saline isotonique (INSS) chez les enfants sont recommandées par les pédiatres et des oto-rhino-laryngologistes de notre institution dans le but de prévenir les otites moyennes aigues à répétition (OMAr). Cependant, aucune étude dans la littérature ne vient corroborer ou infirmer cette pratique. Objectifs: Déterminer l’efficacité des INSS dans la prévention des OMAr. Méthode: Projet pilote d’un essai clinique randomisé. Les enfants diagnostiqués avec des OMAr étaient éligibles. Les patients recrutés ont été randomisés en 2 groupes. Seul le groupe traitement procède aux INSS. L’issue primaire est l’incidence d’OMAr pendant une période de 3 mois. Résultats: Vingt-neuf patients satisfaisant les critères d’inclusion et d’exclusion ont consenti à participer. Le taux d’OMAr était inférieur dans le groupe traitement (p=0.03, chi-carré) Conclusion: Les INSS semblent efficaces dans la prévention des OMAr. Une étude multicentrique est indiquée pour vérifier la validité externe et confirmer la sécurité. / Introduction: Normal saline nasal cavity irrigations (NSNI) are commonly recommended by pediatricians and otolaryngologists to prevent recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM). However, no published scientific study corroborates or invalidates this practice. Goal: To determine the efficacy of NSNI to prevent rAOM. Method: Pilot randomized controlled clinical trial. All consecutive patients with a diagnosis of rAOM were eligible. Recruited patients were randomized in 2 groups. Only patients in the treatment group proceeded with NSNI. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of rAOM observed during a 3 month period. Results: Twenty-nine patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and agreed to participate. There was a statistically significant lower incidence of rAOM in the treatment group (p=0.003, Fisher exact). Conclusion: Our results suggest that NSNI could effectively prevent rAOM. A larger scale randomized multicentre study is feasible, and it must be done in order to verify for external validity and to properly assess safety issues.

Introduction: Les instillations nasales de solution saline isotonique (INSS) chez les enfants sont recommandées par les pédiatres et des oto-rhino-laryngologistes de notre institution dans le but de prévenir les otites moyennes aigues à répétition (OMAr). Cependant, aucune étude dans la littérature ne vient corroborer ou infirmer cette pratique. Objectifs: Déterminer l’efficacité des INSS dans la prévention des OMAr. Méthode: Projet pilote d’un essai clinique randomisé. Les enfants diagnostiqués avec des OMAr étaient éligibles. Les patients recrutés ont été randomisés en 2 groupes. Seul le groupe traitement procède aux INSS. L’issue primaire est l’incidence d’OMAr pendant une période de 3 mois. Résultats: Vingt-neuf patients satisfaisant les critères d’inclusion et d’exclusion ont consenti à participer. Le taux d’OMAr était inférieur dans le groupe traitement (p=0.03, chi-carré) Conclusion: Les INSS semblent efficaces dans la prévention des OMAr. Une étude multicentrique est indiquée pour vérifier la validité externe et confirmer la sécurité. / Introduction: Normal saline nasal cavity irrigations (NSNI) are commonly recommended by pediatricians and otolaryngologists to prevent recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM). However, no published scientific study corroborates or invalidates this practice. Goal: To determine the efficacy of NSNI to prevent rAOM. Method: Pilot randomized controlled clinical trial. All consecutive patients with a diagnosis of rAOM were eligible. Recruited patients were randomized in 2 groups. Only patients in the treatment group proceeded with NSNI. The primary outcome of the study was the incidence of rAOM observed during a 3 month period. Results: Twenty-nine patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and agreed to participate. There was a statistically significant lower incidence of rAOM in the treatment group (p=0.003, Fisher exact). Conclusion: Our results suggest that NSNI could effectively prevent rAOM. A larger scale randomized multicentre study is feasible, and it must be done in order to verify for external validity and to properly assess safety issues.

The present work had as a experimental area the project of irrigated fruit crop District of Irrigation Platô de Neópolis, that is located at the east of the State of Sergipe, in the right margin of the river S. Francisco, including part of the municipal districts of Neópolis, Pacatuba, Japoatã and Santana do São Francisco, distant about 100 km of the capital Aracaju, during the period of july/2005 to october/2006. It had as objective evaluates the acting of the transport system and distribution of water used in the District of Irrigation Platô de Neópolis, being verified the use of the existent equipments is in accordance with the water crops requirements, and to propose an operation plan for those equipments that it optimizes the use of the electric power. The water requirements were certain starting from the indirect estimate of the reference evapotranspiration for the method of Penman-Montheith, considered pattern since 1998 and recommended by FAO - Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. The climatic elements (temperature, relative humidity of the air, heatstroke, speed of the wind, radiation, among other) used in the model were obtained in the conventional station of INMET-National Institute of Meteorology, located in the city of Propriá/SE. Known the volume of water was calculated the pumping work necessary for his distribution and the cost of the associated electric power, taking into account the local tariffs and the legislation of the pertinent electric section to the irrigation activity. The savings obtained with the new operation plan can bring sustainability to the District of Irrigation Platô of Neópolis and they be reverted in the expansion of the planted area, in way to influence positively the socioeconomics conditions in the municipal districts of the area. / O presente trabalho teve com área experimental o projeto de fruticultura irrigada Distrito de Irrigação Platô de Neópolis, que fica localizado a leste do Estado de Sergipe, na margem direita do rio S. Francisco, abrangendo parte dos municípios de Neópolis, Pacatuba, Japoatã e Santana do São Francisco, distante cerca de 100 km da capital Aracaju, durante o período julho/2005 a outubro/2006. Teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho do sistema de condução e distribuição de água utilizada no Distrito de Irrigação Platô de Neópolis, verificando se a utilização dos equipamentos existentes está em conformidade com os requisitos hídricos das culturas, e propor um plano de operação para esses equipamentos que otimize a utilização da energia elétrica. Os requisitos hídricos foram determinados a partir da estimativa indireta da evapotranspiração de referência pelo método de Penman-Montheith, considerado padrão desde 1998 e recomendado pela FAO - Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. Os elementos climáticos (temperatura, umidade relativa do ar, insolação, velocidade do vento, radiação, entre outros) utilizados no modelo foram obtidos na estação convencional do INMET Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, localizada na cidade de Propriá/SE. Conhecido o volume de água calculou-se o trabalho de bombeamento necessário à sua distribuição e o custo da energia elétrica associada, levando em consideração as tarifas locais e a legislação do setor elétrico pertinente à atividade de irrigação. O novo plano de operação resultou em economia de 1% no volume de água bombeada, 12% no quantitativo de energia elétrica necessária ao bombeamento e 30% no custo dessa energia, quando considerado o mês de maior demanda hídrica em um ciclo anual. As economias obtidas com o novo plano de operação podem trazer sustentabilidade ao Distrito de Irrigação Platô de Neópolis e serem revertidas na expansão da área plantada, de modo a influenciar positivamente as condições sócio-econômicas nos municípios da região.