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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Caracteriza??o de ecossistemas com potenciais de risco para a infesta??o por carrapatos e transmiss?o de riqu?tsias para humanos no estado do Rio de Janeiro. 2010. / Ecosystems characterization with potential risk for infestation by ticks and rickettsial transmission to humans in the Rio de Janeiro state. 2010.

Silveira, Andrea Kill 22 February 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:15:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANDREA KILL SILVEIRA.pdf: 714590 bytes, checksum: dc26c7028f586f7d8597a08754128d1d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-22 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Human activities can change the environment and to increase the interaction between domestic animals, wildlife and humans allowing the dispersion of ticks and pathogens. This study aimed to characterize the tick fauna collected in environments with different degrees of human activity and the presence of Rickettsia spp. in these ticks, as well as characterize the environment profile and the distribution of the ixodids and rickettsiae. The work was developed in five areas of the Rio de Janeiro state: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Floresta Nacional Mario Xavier (FLONA), both in the Serop?dica municipality, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI), in Itatiaia municipality, Dep?sito Central de Muni??o (DCMun) in Paracambi municipality, and the Centro de Adestramento da Ilha da Marambaia (CADIM), in Mangaratiba municipality. Ticks were collected in six sites of each area. For the collecting were utilized the drag sampling, chemistry trap of CO2 and manual collecting on the researcher clothes and body. The ticks collected were identified and submitted to PCR and nested-PCR utilizing genera-specific primers 17k-5 and 17k-3, 17kD2 and 17kD1, respectively. Thus, 5,351 ticks were collected, being 2,261 in UFRRJ, 1,599 in CADIM, 992 in DCMun, 494 in FLONA and only 5 in PNI. Of the total number of ticks collected 4,117 were identified as larvae and 779 as nymphs of Amblyomma spp. The adults were identified as Amblyomma cajennense (93) captured in all areas, except in PNI. Amblyomma brasiliense (3) were collected only in PNI and Amblyomma dubitatum (1) only in FLONA. Also were recovered 248 larvae of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in FLONA and 63 in DCMUN. The ticks abundance of the genera Amblyomma and of the species A. cajennense increased in areas with high human activity. The presence of R. (B.) microplus was associated to presence of the bovines, its principal host. The species A. dubitatum was recovered in reforestation with anthropogenic pressure while A. brasiliense was found in area under low anthropic pressure. The distribution pattern of developmental stages of the captured ticks was as expected, and the littledifferences may be due to the limited frequency of collection (seasonal). Of the five sites studied, two military areas presented ticks positives for Rickettsia spp. The presence of rickettsia in ticks collected in the ecosystem of interaction among domestic animals, wildlife and humans indicates the need for continuation and intensification of studies of this nature and that prevention measures and control must be incorporated in the routine activities of health workers in military units. / As atividades antr?picas podem modificar o ambiente e propiciar a intera??o entre animais dom?sticos, silvestres e humanos facilitando a dispers?o de carrapatos e pat?genos. Este estudo teve como objetivos caracterizar a fauna de carrapatos coletados em ambientes com diferentes graus de atividade antr?pica e detectar a presen?a de Rickettsia spp. nestes carrapatos, assim como caracterizar o perfil dos ambientes e a distribui??o dos ixod?deos e de riqu?tsias. Foram realizadas quatro coletas em cinco ?reas no estado do Rio de Janeiro: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Floresta Nacional Mario Xavier (FLONA), ambos no munic?pio de Serop?dica, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (PNI), em Itatiaia, Dep?sito Central de Muni??o (DCMun) em Paracambi, e Centro de Adestramento da Ilha da Marambaia (CADIM), munic?pio de Mangaratiba. Carrapatos foram coletados em seis pontos amostrais em cada uma das ?reas. Nas coletas foram utilizadas arrasto de flanela, armadilha qu?mica de CO2 e cata??o manual sobre as vestes e corpo dos pesquisadores. Os carrapatos coletados foram identificados e submetidos a PCR e nested-PCR utilizando os iniciadores, g?nero/espec?ficos, 17k-5 e 17k-3 e 17kD2 e 17kD1, respectivamente. Foram coletados 5351 ixod?deos, sendo 2261 na UFRRJ, 1599 no CADIM, 992 no DCMun, 494 na FLONA e apenas cinco no PNI. Do total de carrapatos coletados 4117 foram identificados como larvas e 779 como ninfas de Amblyomma spp. Os adultos foram identificados como Amblyomma cajennense (93) capturados em todas as ?reas, exceto no PNI. Amblyomma brasiliense (3) foram coletados apenas no PNI e Amblyomma dubitatum (1) na FLONA. Tamb?m foram recuperadas 248 larvas de Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, na FLONA e 63 no DCMUN. A abund?ncia de carrapatos do g?nero Amblyomma e da esp?cie A. cajennense aumentou com a eleva??o do grau de antropiza??o. A presen?a da esp?cie R. (B.) microplus esteve associada a presen?a de seus hospedeiros principais que s?o os bovinos, a esp?cie A. dubitatum foi recuperada de ?rea de reflorestamento com press?o antr?pica. Em ?rea com pouca press?o antr?pica s? foi recuperado A. brasiliense. O padr?o de distribui??o dos est?dios evolutivos coletados est? dentro do esperado para os carrapatos encontrados, sendo que as pequenas diferen?as podem ser em decorr?ncia da frequ?ncia de coleta (estacional). Das cinco ?reas pesquisadas, as duas ?reas militares foram positivas para Rickettsia spp. A presen?a de riqu?tsia, em carrapatos coletados em ecossistema de intera??o entre animais dom?sticos, silvestres e humanos indica a necessidade da continua??o e intensifica??o de estudos desta natureza e que medidas de profilaxia e controle sejam incorporadas nas atividades de rotina dos agentes de sa?de das unidades militares.

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