This unblinded, non-randomised pilot study was conducted in order to determine if diversified chiropractic manipulation and/or sacro occipital technic adjustments of the sacroiliac (SI) joint could increase the short-term strength of the gastrocnemius muscle. Ninety asymptomatic male patients between the ages of 20 and 30 years participated in the investigation. These patients were recruited by the use of posters that were placed in strategic areas around the Technikon Witwatersrand campus. The patients were randomly placed into one of three groups of thirty. Group FA (force adjustment) received force, side-lying, diversified sacroiliac adjustments to the sacroiliac joint. Group NA (non-force adjustment) received non-force sacro occipital technic (SOT) adjustments to the same area by means of SOT blocking technique. The third group. Group C (control) received detuned ultrasound over the SI joint. Each patient received only one treatment. The inclusion criteria required that the patient had to be male, fall inside the above age range, and presented with asymptomatic sacroiliac joint dysfunction. This was determined either by diversified chiropractic motion palpation or SOT category analysis. Only category one patients were used in this study. The objective data was collected using an isometric dynamometer. The gastrocnemius muscle strength was measured with the dynamometer before and after the treatment. The objective results indicated that there was a statistically significant increase in gastrocnemius muscle strength in both of the experimental groups. In conclusion, it has been shown that both force and non-force adjustments positively effect active muscle strength. In this case it was shown that these types of adjustments to the SI joint caused an increase in active gastrocnemius muscle strength. It is suspected that the inhibition of the motor neuron, via the capsular stretch reflex, plays a major role in the effect seen in this study. This gives further information about the underlying mechanisms of the chiropractic adjustments and may support the role of non-force techniques in treating patients. / Dr. Chris Yelverton Dr. Malany Moodley

published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

Doctor of Philosophy / This work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au

Master of Dental Surgery / This work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au

Doctor of Philosophy / This work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au

Master of Dental Surgery / This work was digitised and made available on open access by the University of Sydney, Faculty of Dentistry and Sydney eScholarship . It may only be used for the purposes of research and study. Where possible, the Faculty will try to notify the author of this work. If you have any inquiries or issues regarding this work being made available please contact the Sydney eScholarship Repository Coordinator - ses@library.usyd.edu.au

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

Thesis (doctoral)--Lund University, 1997. / Added t.p. with thesis statement inserted.

M.Tech. (Chiropractic) / This study aims to compare sacroiliac joint adjustments versus pubic symphysis adjustments in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction with regards to pain and disability as well as alternative treatment approaches in treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction.This study was a comparative study that consisted of two groups of fifteen participants each. The participants were between the ages of eighteen and forty five with an equal male to female ratio. The potential participants were examined and accepted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study. The method of treatment that was administered was determined by group allocation. Group 1 received Chiropractic manipulative therapy delivered to the restricted sacroiliac joint and Group 2 received Chiropractic manipulative therapy delivered to the pubic symphysis.Treatment consisted of six treatment sessions with an additional follow up consultation over a three week period. Objective and subjective data was measured at the beginning of the 1st, 4th and 7th consultations. Subjective readings were taken from The Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire as well as The Numerical Pain Rating Scale. Objective measurements were taken from The Orthopaedic Rating Scale. Analysis of the data collected throughout the study were performed by a statistician. The Chiropractic manipulative techniques used were based on restrictions identified during motion palpation and were applied at the first six consultations, with the seventh consultation consisting of data collection only.

M.Tech. / Purpose: To compare the efficacy of diversified side posture adjustments and segmental drop piece adjustments in the treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Method: Thirty-two participants were randomly divided in two equal groups. Group A (n = 16) received diversified side posture adjustments and Group B (n = 16) received segmental drop piece adjustments. The trial consisted of seven sessions over a period of three weeks, of which the first six were treatment sessions, with the final seventh session serving the purpose of obtaining final post-treatment data. Data was obtained only at the first, third, fifth and seventh sessions. Objective data consisted of measuring lumbar spine range of motion using a digital inclinometer and pain pressure tolerance over the middle of the sacroiliac joint line by using a pressure algometer. Subjective data was obtained by having each participant complete a numerical pain rating scale and the Oswestry back pain and disability questionnaire.