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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Minskad miljöpåverkan av kapslar för kaffe, te och choklad : med avseende på materialval och utformning / Reduced environmental impact of capsules for coffee, tea and chocolate : with respect to materials and design

Hollsten, Petra January 2012 (has links)
During the spring semester of 2012 did Petra Hollsten independently a thesis on reducing the environmental impact of capsule for coffee, tea and chocolate. The work was performed at Karlstad University, Faculty of Technology and Science under the Bachelor of Science program in innovation, technology and design. The project's scope is at 22.5 points. The employment for this project is the company Löfbergs Lila AB in Karlstad. Supervisor at the Principal has been Maria Herou Wallner and Sandra Lyxell, product managers. Supervisor at Karlstad University is Monica Jakobsson, lecturer and program leader for innovation and design engineering program. Examiner is Fredrik Thuvander, lecturer and professor at Karlstad University. The company Löfbergs Lila is a family business and one of the leading suppliers of coffee in Sweden that invests in quality from plantation to consumer and environmental responsibility. Sales of capsules and capsule machines are increasing very rapidly and have become very popular. The company's move to the bridge method with capsule machines must be good for the environment as possible. Which gave rise to this project to help reduce the environmental impact of the capsules? The largest part of the project was to conduct a thorough research to determine important characteristics about coffee, how the market looks for the capsules, how the capsule and the capsule machine works, the climate impact of packaging and coffee, how to evaluate environmental impact and a materials study. That is partly conducted through field visits, literature searches, and retrieval of information by providers. The result of the project was to reduce environmental impact by replacing the capsule existing materials to alternative renewable materials. To evaluate the alternative materials used tool ECO Audit Tool contained in material selection program CES EduPack 2011. Through the tool, you can read energy consumption and carbon emissions. It resulted in which material that had the lowest environmental impact. Along with the choice of material was sketched a proposal for a new design on the sleeve capsule which would lead to moving a function from capsule to capsule sleeve. This would reduce one part of the capsule and has less environmental impact and facilitate recycling for consumers.
2

Phylogenetische und funktionelle Analysen zur Kapsel-O-Acetyltransferase NeuO von Escherichia coli K1

Mordhorst, Ines Louise. Unknown Date (has links)
Univ., Diss., 2010--Würzburg.
3

Phylogenetische und funktionelle Analysen zur Kapsel O-Acetyltransferase NeuO von Escherichia coli K1 / Phylogenetic and functional analysis on the capsule O-acetyltransferase NeuO of Escherichia coli K1

Mordhorst, Ines Louise January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Escherichia coli ist ein Kommensale des menschlichen und tierischen Gastrointestinaltraktes. Einige E. coli-Stämme sind in der Lage, extraintestinale Erkrankungen beim Menschen wie Harnwegsinfekte, Neugeborenen-Meningitis und Sepsis, sowie beim Tier aviäre Coliseptikämien, hervorzurufen. Ein wichtiger Virulenzfaktor des Bakteriums ist dabei die aus α-2,8-verknüpften Sialinsäuremonomeren aufgebaute K1-Kapsel, die phasenvariabel mit einer hohen Frequenz O-acetyliert werden kann. Im Jahr 2005 konnte gezeigt werden, dass es sich bei dem für die O-Acetylierung verantwortlichen Enzym um die O-Acetyltransferase NeuO handelt, die von dem K1-spezifischen Prophagen CUS-3 codiert wird. Die Verteilung von neuO in der E. coli K1-Population sowie die funktionelle Relevanz der K1-Kapsel O-Acetylierung für das Bakterium waren zu Beginn der vorliegenden Arbeit weitestgehend unklar. Eine E. coli K1-Stammsammlung mit 183 Isolaten wurde aufgebaut. Die E. coli K1-Isolate stammten sowohl aus Stuhlproben gesunder Freiwilliger, humanen Harnwegsinfekten, humanen invasiven Erkrankungen (Neugeborenen-Meningitis und Bakteriämie) und aus an Coliseptikämie erkrankten Vögeln. Die Isolate der E. coli K1-Stammsammlung wurden mit der Multilokus-Sequenztypisierung (MLST) typisiert. Es konnten 39 Sequenztypen (ST) sowie fünf Sequenztyp-Komplexe (STC) identifiziert werden. Bei dem mit Abstand häufigsten STC handelte es sich um den STC95, dem 80 Stämme (44%) angehörten. Insgesamt 103 der 183 E. coli K1-Stämme waren neuO-positiv (56%). Das Gen wurde in 78 (98%) der STC95-Isolate, aber nur in 25 (24%) der 103 nicht-STC95-Stämme gefunden. NeuO war also mit dem STC95 assoziiert. Über Sequenzanalysen des CUS-3-Prophagen konnten CUS-3-Genotypen bestimmt werden. Die Gruppierung der CUS-3-Genotypen und der E. coli K1-ST sowie der anschließende Vergleich beider Gruppierungen miteinander offenbarte eine Segregation der Prophagen-Genotypen entsprechend der ST. Daher legen die in dieser Arbeit ermittelten Ergebnisse eine Koevolution des Phagen mit seinem Wirt nahe. Einige humane und aviäre E. coli K1-Isolate waren weder auf Basis der MLST bzw. der CUS-3-Genotypisierung noch anhand des Vorhandenseins verschiedener, mit extraintestinal-pathogenen E. coli-assoziierter Gene voneinander unterscheidbar, was die Hypothese einer zoonotischen Transmission dieser Stämme unterstützt. In den in dieser Arbeit durchgeführten funktionellen Analysen konnte weder ein Effekt der NeuO-vermittelten E. coli K1-Kapsel O-Acetylierung auf die Fähigkeit der Bakterien an humane mikrovaskuläre Gehirnendothelzellen zu adhärieren oder in diese zu invadieren, noch auf die in vivo-Virulenz der Bakterien im Hühnermodell beobachtet werden. Die K1-Kapsel O-Acetylierung verringerte die in vivo-Kolonisierung des Hühner-Gastrointestinaltraktes und die in vitro-Biofilmbildung durch das Bakterium, wohingegen sie die Austrocknungsresistenz von E. coli K1 erhöhte. Möglicherweise dient die phasenvariable neuO-Expression und damit die E. coli K1-Kapsel O-Acetylierung der Anpassung des Bakteriums an wechselnde Umweltbedingungen. / Escherichia coli is a commensal of the human and animal intestinal tract. Some strains have the ability to cause extraintestinal disease in humans such as urinary tract infections, neonatal meningitis and septicemia, but also animal infection such as avian colisepticemia. A major virulence factor of the bacterium is the K1 capsule composed of α-2,8-linked sialic acid monomers, which can be phase variably O-acetylated at a high frequency. In 2005, it was shown that the enzyme responsible for O-acetylation is the O-acetyltransferase NeuO, which is encoded by the K1-specific prophage CUS-3. The distribution of neuO as well as the functional relevance of the K1 capsule O-acetylation for the bacterium were largely unknown at the start of the thesis. A strain collection comprising 183 E. coli K1 strains was established. The E. coli K1 isolates derived from stool samples of healthy donors, human urinary tract infections, human invasive diseases like newborn meningitis and bacteremia, and from avian colisepticemia. All isolates were typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Thirty-nine sequence types (ST) and five sequence type complexes (STC) were identified. The major share of the strains belonged to the STC95 (80 strains, 44%). 103 of 183 E. coli K1 strains were neuO-positive (56%). The gene was found in 78 (98%) STC95 isolates, but only in 25 (24%) of 103 non-STC95 isolates. Therefore, there was an association of neuO with the STC95. With the help of DNA sequencing of internal fragments of CUS-3, distinct CUS-3 genotypes were assigned. There was a segregation of CUS-3 genotypes according to STs, suggesting coevolution of the prophage CUS-3 and its host. Some human and avian isolates were indistinguishable with respect to MLST, CUS-3 genotyping and the presence of genetic markers associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli, which was compatible with the hypothesis of zoonotic transmission of these strains. Functional analyses performed in this study neither revealed an impact of NeuO-mediated K1 capsule O-acetylation on the ability of the bacteria to adhere to or invade into human brain microvascular endothelial cells, nor on the in vivo virulence of the bacteria in a chicken infection model. K1 capsule O-acetylation decreased in vivo chicken gut colonization and in vitro biofilm formation, while increasing E. coli K1 desiccation resistance. This study provides evidence that phase variable neuO expression and the subsequent O-acetylation of the E. coli K1 capsule serves as an efficient tool for the adaptation to changing environments.
4

Medialer Dialog die "Grosse Bilderhandschrift" des Willehalm Wolframs von Eschenbach und ihre Kontexte

Manuwald, Henrike January 2006 (has links)
Zugl.: Köln, Univ., Diss., 2006

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