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The basis of leadership : Khumaynī's claims and the classical traditionMavani, Hamid January 1992 (has links)
The central and pivotal doctrine of the Imamate in the Twelver Shii creed maintains that the Imams are endowed with the exclusive prerogative to assume the authority and functions of the Prophet in both the temporal and religious domains. This is so by virtue of explicit designation (nass) received by each Imam from his predecessor to act as custodian, protector and expositor of divine teachings. Unfavourable political circumstances during the 'Umayyad and 'Abbasid dynasties forced the Imams to adopt a quietist attitude and to opt for accommodation with the illegitimate authorites. The inaccessibility of the Imams and their inability to guide their followers in distant places resulted in delegation of certain functions of the the Imams to the 'ulama' to guide the community. The prolonged occultation of the twelfth Shii Imam led the jurists to arrogate to themselves the right to act as his indirect deputies (na'ib al-Imam). Establishment of Imami Shiism as the state religion by the Safavids in the early sixteenth century, the victory of the Usuli school over the Akhbaris and the formulation of the institutions of marja'iya and a'lamiya paved the way for Ayatullah Khumayni to lay the grounds for the jurist's assumption of all-comprehensive authority (al-wilaya al-mutlaqa) by extrapolating arguments from tradition reports. The combination of the marja'iya and leadership (rahbar) of the Islamic State in the person of Ayatullah Khumayni had the potential of marshalling the Shii 'ulama' and masses to support for a political cause. However, bifurcation of these two roles in the 1989 revised Constitution of Iran forebodes the separation of the secular and the religious spheres.
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The basis of leadership : Khumaynī's claims and the classical traditionMavani, Hamid January 1992 (has links)
No description available.
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La politique d'extension de la révolution iranienne (1979-1989) ou l'impossible communauté des croyantsBuffard, Stéphane January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Ce mémoire est une analyse interprétative des facteurs endogènes et exogènes qui peuvent expliquer l'échec de la politique d'extension de la révolution (PER) menée dans le Golfe Persique entre 1979 et 1989 par certains acteurs politique iraniens. Il entend montrer, à l'aide d'une méthodologie wébérienne, la difficulté d'établir de solides relations causales entre ces facteurs et l'échec de la PER, en fonction de sources premières limitées et sans la compréhension nécessaires des langues arabe et iranienne. ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Iran, Golfe Persique, Khomeiny, Révolution, Relations internationales.
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Contemporary Shiʻism as political ideology : the views of Sharîʻatmadârî, Tâliqânî, and KhumaynîAbbott, Kenrick January 1990 (has links)
No description available.
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Contemporary Shiʻism as political ideology : the views of Sharîʻatmadârî, Tâliqânî, and KhumaynîAbbott, Kenrick January 1990 (has links)
Islam was drastically altered in Iran as a result of the 1978/79 Revolution. This thesis looks at the political aspects of contemporary Imami Shi'ism by comparing the ideas of three leading mujtahids of the day: Ayatullah Shari 'atmadari, Ayatullah Khumayni, and Ayatullah Taliqani. This study points out the wide divergences of ideas present within the religious class, ranging in the political spectrum, from conservative to radical. A comparison of these three figures highlights the differences between "Traditionalist" Islam, as put forth by Shari 'atmadari, and "Fundamentalist" Islam, as proposed by Khumayni and Taliqani. Further differences within the fundamentalist "camp" are demonstrated through Taliqani 's progressive all-inclusive "Liberation Theology" and Khumayni 's equally all-encompassing "religion of militant individuals".
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L'image de la diabolisation de l'Amérique dans le discours théocratique de l'ayatollah Khomeyni entre 1941-1990Boucher, Pierre-Alexandre 11 June 2021 (has links)
L’islamisme fait craindre l’Occident. Une analyse historique révèle pourtant que ce phénomène politico-religieux se limite aux œuvres de groupes marginaux sans pouvoir séduire l’Islam entier. Freiné par la complexité des échanges avec le monde extérieur, le rejet de l’Occidental relève davantage de la symbolique comme des circonstances aux causalités multiples. Malgré son parcours, l’ayatollah Khomeyni, l’un des pères de l’islamisme moderne, ne peut contourner longtemps cette réalité : en Iran, peu de gens adhèrent à son utopie. Toutefois, l’anti-américanisme développé dans la rhétorique de ce théocrate acharné finit par compenser momentanément. L’étude montre que le mépris de l’étranger lui sert de principe mobilisateur auprès d’une société exaspérée par l’incompétence d’un shah autoritaire et pro-américain. Le succès du khomeynisme s’achève peu après l’inauguration de la République islamique en février 1979. Encourageant le totalitarisme religieux, l’Imam empire le désastre existant, réduisant l’attrait de la haine de l’Amérique au profit d’un contraire associé à la liberté.
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