Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1983. / Title from title page screen, viewed May 18, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Derek A. McCracken (chair), Mathew Nadakavukaren, Jerome R. Cain, Arlan G. Richardson, David F. Weber. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-150) and abstract. Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2009. / Title from web page (viewed on Oct. 5, 2009). Includes bibliographical references.

Background Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can be described as the loss of the kidney function over time. Symptoms usually develop slowly, and it may not appear in early stages. Lab tests can confirm a CKD diagnosis. The approximate number of incidents per year is more than 200,000 cases, and approximately 30 million people are living with CKD today in the United States. This long-standing disease ultimately leads to renal failure at the end. At this present time, there are no known cures for CKD, and the only treatment available is dialysis. Objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the association between CKD and further with hemodialysis (HD) and medical condition such as cardiac complications, cardiogenic shock, hemorrhage, anemia, vascular complication, postop respiratory failure, post op infarct hemorrhage, acute renal failure, new temporary pacemaker, new permanent pacemaker, pericardial complications, and death. Study design The study employed secondary data in a cross-sectional design. Methods A sample of 106,969 was drawn from the population. The outcome variables were a diagnosis of CKD and/or CKD with HD. The predictor variables were cardiac complications, cardiogenic shock, hemorrhage, anemia, vascular complication, postop respiratory failure, post op infarct hemorrhage, acute renal failure, new temporary pacemaker, new permanent pacemaker, pericardial complications and death. Logistic regression was conducted to analyze the relationship between outcome variable and each independent variable. Variables with a p-value Results Analysis shows that subjects with cardiac complications were 17% less likely to have CKD as compared to those who did not have cardiac complications (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.78-0.88). CKD patients who had cardiac complications were 18% more likely to have HD than the subjects who did not have cardiac complications (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01-1.39). Patients with cardiogenic shock were 86% more likely to have CKD than the subjects who did not have cardiogenic shock (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.82-1.91). CKD patients who had cardiogenic shock were also 18% more likely to have HD than the subjects who did not have cardiogenic shock (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.11-1.25). We have similar results if a patient had other conditions. Conclusion Chronic kidney disease with hemodialysis is significantly associated by the other medical conditions such as cardiac complications cardiogenic shock, hemorrhage, anemia, vascular complication, postop respiratory failure, post op infarct hemorrhage, acute renal failure, new temporary pacemaker, new permanent pacemaker, pericardial complications and death in the United States. Further studies are needed to confirm the results and to understand the prognosis.

Fung Kwai Ching. / "August 2002." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 188-205). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Methods: All patients (5606) with at least one serum creatinine ≥130μmol/L in females and ≥150μmol/L (Index creatinine) in males during a 6 month period in 2003 were grouped according to whether they had Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), Acute on chronic renal failure (ACRF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). 1903 patients could  not be classified. After using all available creatinine data and identifying markers of kidney damage a further group of patients with CKD were identified. Case records were examined for the presence of co-morbidity, date of death, cause of death and whether they were known to a renal physician. Results: 1225 patients were identified as having CKD out of the 1903 “Unclassified” cohort (65%). The majority of CKD patients were elderly females with Stage 3 CKD. Hypertension and ischaemic heart disease were the two most common co-morbid conditions. Only 12% of CKD patients were referred to a nephrologists. 43% of CKD patients were dead at follow-up mostly from cardiovascular causes (31^st December 2005). The presence of proteinuria was independently associated with death. The age adjusted standardised prevalence of CKD, excluding those on RRT, was 20929 per million adult population. 3.6% went on to start RRT by the end of follow-up. Conclusions: CKD is predominantly a condition of elderly females, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. However the majority of patients die from cardiovascular disease before progressing to ESRD. Therefore these patients may be appropriately managed in primary care without the need for specialist renal input allowing targeting of the specialist renal resources to the fewer patients who require them.

MMed, Chemical Pathology, Faculty of health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 2009 / Background The 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (4-v MDRD) and Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equations are commonly used for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR); however, neither of these equations has been validated in an indigenous African population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the 4-v MDRD and CG equations for estimating GFR in black South Africans against measured GFR and to assess the appropriateness for the local population of the ethnicity factor established for African Americans in the 4-v MDRD equation. Methods We enrolled 100 patients in the study. The plasma clearance of chromium-51–EDTA (51Cr- EDTA) was used to measure GFR, and serum creatinine was measured using an isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) traceable assay. We estimated GFR using both the reexpressed 4-v MDRD and CG equations and compared it to measured GFR using 4 modalities: correlation coefficient, weighted Deming regression analysis, percentage bias, and proportion of estimated GFR within 30% of measured GFR (P30). Results The Spearman correlation coefficient between measured and estimated GFR for both equations was similar (4-v MDRD R2 = 0.80 and CG R2 = 0.79). Using the 4-v MDRD equation with the ethnicity factor of 1.212 as established for African Americans resulted in a median positive bias of 13.1 (95% CI 5.5 to 18.3) mL/min/1.73m2. Without the ethnicity factor median bias was 1.9 (95% CI -0.8 to 4.5) mL/min/1.73m2. Conclusion The 4-v MDRD equation, without the ethnicity factor of 1.212, can be used for estimating GFR in black South Africans.

Thesis (M.H.A.)--University of Michigan, 1967.

Thesis (M.H.A.)--University of Michigan, 1967.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1992. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-84).

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-144).