Urbanization throughout much of Texas has resulted in diminished wildlife habitat, resulting from fragmented landscapes. Several previous studies addressed the public’s attitudes concerning the most acceptable white-tailed deer management techniques in urban areas. As a departure from these studies on urban residents’ acceptance of alternative urban deer management strategies, this study assessed the types of information required by urban residents to more fully understand the best management practices for urban deer herds. Two Texas communities, Lakeway and Hollywood Park, were chosen for this study. Since the 1990s, urban deer herds have negatively impacted these communities through increased deer-vehicle collisions, defined browse lines throughout the community, and human-deer encounters. The current number of households in each community was determined and used to calculate the household sample size in Lakeway (N= 4,090, n = 704) and Hollywood Park (N= 1,547, n = 616). An Internet survey was developed which asked an adult resident of each selected household about his or her knowledge of factors that lead to population growth in urban white-tailed deer populations, personal encounters with an urban deer herd in the community, the types of management options he or she would choose in dealing with the urban deer herd, and why and what types of information the respondent would most like to have regarding urban deer management. Finally, demographic information was asked such as age, gender, level of education and years of residency in the neighborhood. The information derived from this study reveals the public’s knowledge, attitudes, actions, and expectations concerning over-abundant white-tailed deer populations in Lakeway and Hollywood Park, Texas. This information can be used to assist communities such as Lakeway and Hollywood Park, as well as the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, to develop appropriate educational materials that will provide relevant, current, and accurate information about urban deer population ecology and management for the urban resident. The methods of this study will serve as a useful tool for others to develop pro-active management strategies for controlling over-abundant urban white-tailed deer populations and aid in reducing the conflict between urban deer managers and the public.

Teacher knowledge enhances instruction. Of particular importance for spelling instruction is literacy-related content teacher knowledge. This knowledge includes awareness of individual speech sounds, syllables, and morphemes in the English language. Teachers who possess this knowledge are better able to assess student needs and design instruction that meets those needs so that students learn to spell well. In this study, 36 preservice teachers and 38 inservice teachers completed a survey and three measures. The survey asked teachers to calibrate their knowledge of phonemic awareness, phonics, and spelling. The measures assessed the teachers’ literacy-related content knowledge and their ability to use this knowledge to analyze student spelling errors and choose appropriate instructional activities to meet student needs. Overall, the preservice teachers were more positive in their assessments of their literacy-related content knowledge while the inservice teachers demonstrated greater literacy-related content knowledge. Neither group was adept in analyzing students’ spelling errors although the inservice teachers were better able to choose appropriate instructional activities.

The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) has declared reading failure a national public health issue. Approximately 15-20 % of the US population displays one or more symptoms of dyslexia: a specific learning disability that affects an individual's ability to process language. Consequently, elementary school teachers are teaching students who struggle with inaccurate or slow reading, poor spelling, poor writing, and other language processing difficulties. However, studies have indicated both preservice and inservice teachers lack essential knowledge needed to teach struggling readers, particularly children with dyslexia. Few studies have sought to assess teachers', either preservice or inservice, knowledge and perceptions about dyslexia in conjunction with knowledge of basic language concepts related to reading instruction. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation was to examine elementary school preservice and inservice teachers' knowledge of basic language concepts and their knowledge and perceptions about dyslexia. Three separate studies were conducted, all addressing the overarching question: Are elementary teachers (K-5) prepared to teach struggling readers? In study one, research that has addressed teacher knowledge of basic language concepts was reviewed systematically. In studies two and three, a basic language constructs survey was used to assess the self-perceptions/knowledge of basic language concepts and knowledge/perceptions about the nature of dyslexia of preservice, first year, and more experienced teachers involved in teaching reading in grades K-5.

Knowledge-based economy time approached, has formed a reform wave of unrest to the modern enterprise. No matter what kind of enterprise, nearly wish they can use the knowledge to realizes the dream about enterprise innovation and eternal business. The purchases works is the major cost of the general manufacturing production, needs to guarantee the enterprise earnings maximized by the effective management. This research plan to analyze and discuss the feasibility about knowledge management application on engineering outsourcing of purchases procedure in the enterprise. The engineering outsourcing is dazzling, if the enterprise has not make a systematic plan before purchase, it will cause many problems in purchase process. Even after purchased will not meet the demand and unable situation of the use. In the past, the well-experienced engineering supervisor conducted all the plan of outsourcing project. As the matter of fact, the monitoring criteria between different supervisors are not consistent. Therefore the supervising quality wills effects the outsourcing progress and the cost transparency seriously. A good engineering plan shall define the engineering specification as clear as possible so that the suppliers can establish the quotation more transparently in accordance with the engineering specification. Due to transparent purchasing process, the supplier¡¦s quotation will not be exaggerated and the cost will be controlled easily, therefore the loss will be controlled in the reasonable edge. Facing the inquiry and bargain, the purchaser and purchasing supervisor determine the most beneficial choice in accordance with the accurate planning so that the cheating occurrence will be decreased as well. How to make an excellent engineering project? Except organize an excellent engineer team. And we need to use the modern knowledge management theory and supply the suitable information technology assistance to achieve the goal of knowledge inheritance. With the systematic accumulation, expanding and transition process, the freshmen can take over the engineering knowledge and then they will make the outsourcing process more transparent and decrease the unreasonable cost loss. This research via knowledge management related literature discussed, reorganizes the major five activities of knowledge management. And via depth interview method discovered that the engineering purchase related people were hold the positive attitude and willing to accept the knowledge management induct into the purchase process system. Moreover, this case needs construct the platform of knowledge management about engineering purchase related. According to this research, we trust that it may provide the correlation company a reference to induct knowledge management system of the engineering purchase.

In the era of knowledge-based economy, the knowledge is the most important thing for all corporations. How to manage and use the knowledge to strengthen their competitiveness is significant. The study company is the first probiotic factory of passing GMP verification in Taiwan. The experience of GMP verification is very good for the other companies and the whole probiotic industry; therefore it is worthwhile to study more deeply. In this study, there are many important factors to make the GMP system be established successfully. And the experience is valuable, it makes the case company take the lead in probiotic industry, and helps the case company extend its international marketing rapidly. This study showed us that GMP could help health food industry raise the competitiveness effectively.

1969, Peter Drucker defined the phrase ¡§knowledge Economy¡¨ as the use of knowledge to produce economic benefits. The concept that knowledge and education can be treated as business products to be exported for high value return or productive asset becomes reality in the past decades due to the driving forces such as globalization, innovations in information and network technology. November 2004, Halo2, a video game designed exclusively for Microsoft¡¦s Xbox, sold 2.4 million copies and earned up to $125 million US in its first 24 hours on store shelves, thus out-grossing the film Spider-Man 2 as highest grossing release in entertainment history. May 2002, Taiwan Government announced that they will nurture Taiwanese Digital Content industry into a profound force of economy. Among the major members in digital content industry, digital game industry is the one with the most potential. Game Development Talent in Taiwan is well known in pan-Asia region, with the ability to produce high quality games and leading role in Chinese entertainment business. The future for Taiwan game development talent is, without a doubt, bright. Knowledge workers have always been a popular subject of academic research. However, scholars in the past have treated the concept of knowledge worker as a single entity, rather than sets of different sub-group. The paper attempts to focus on the group of who participated in game development with a quantitative approach. The aim is to gain in-depth understanding about the lifestyle of game developers. Socialists¡¦ view of the world consisted of sets of ¡§fields¡¨ with rules to guide behavioral pattern of the people living in it. The behavioral pattern, as well as the tastes and opinions about most things in daily life, is referred as lifestyle. Game developers pay heavy attention on their professions, care less about dining as well as other aspects in daily life. The long working-hour is a major feature in game developers¡¦ lifestyle, and they enjoy such a way of life.

By using multiple regression analyses from 365 managers distributed four kind of industries in Taiwan, the study tested total of 9 hypotheses that respectively partially proposed to explore relationships of perception of organizational politics related to knowledge sharing. Four theoretical perspectives embedded in the literature review to strengthen the theme¡Xorganizational politics. The four main findings of the study included: (1) Perceptions of organizational politics simultaneously negatively effected to trust, organizational restructuring satisfaction and knowledge sharing. (2) Trust not only did positively effect to organizational restructuring satisfaction and knowledge sharing, it also fully mediated effect between perception of organizational politics and knowledge sharing. (3) Organizational restructuring satisfaction positively effected to knowledge sharing; besides, it not only did partially mediate effect between perceptions of organizational politics and knowledge sharing, but also did fully mediate effect between perceptions of organizational politics and trust. (4) Concreted confirmatory model examined Goodness Fit perfectly. Implications of the results to those of organization, manager and future research were discussed.

For industries in Taiwan¡A marching toward 21st century indicates the importance of globalization and economics of scale.Through merge and acquisition, Hi-Tech companies attempt to expand their business domain and market share¡A leading to global competitiveness to improve market position in the world. In this wave of competition¡A because of wide-spread use of Internet and promotion by the government¡A the issue that enterprises apply information technology to help management and administration has become essential. In the process enterprises need to organize knowledge and intelligence capital when they implement information technology and organization restructuring. Then benefit of the construction of information system will ferment progressively. In view of this¡A this research tries to utilize the case study research methodology¡A and selects three cases from the Hi-Tech industry: Passive component industry¡A IC packaging industry ¡A and SAP consultant firm. Based on the perspectives of transmitter and recipient¡A the ERP implementation has covered information technology capability ¡A knowledge transfer process ¡A and organizational performance. Although there are differences in ERP implementation experience in these three cases¡A they all want to retain related knowledge in the organization eventually. For this purpose, they have adopted ASAP methodology to guide implementation. choose to channel into the way theory and do for the blueprint with the standard of SAP. No matter the first or the second time during the process of implementation¡A every organization might share the analogy of the break-in and adjustment for the ERP system. Organization memory are gradually formed via system usage and personal experience. More adaptation on the part of the user will bring in fit between system and people. Finally¡A propose four suggestions in accordance with the result of study: 1.While channelling into the new information system¡A effective information science and technology is used; Include the basic resource of science and technology of information and tactics to combine¡A can reduce the unnecessary interrupt in the transmittance process. 2.Information science and technology is related to IT ability maturity to use¡Ahigh ability can solve more difficulty problem¡Aand the industry produced positive influence to that enterprises operate through the application of relevant knowledge after the information system channels into. 3.In order to channel into the case of SAP ERP ¡A the case channels into certain methodology¡A but because the tactics difference ¡A pay to leading precess time and cost¡A cause the influence of a certain degree. 4.In the knowledge transmit process¡A setting-up of the social network between motive¡A trust to the cooperative partner¡A cooperative partner's partner channelling into it¡A knowledge absorbability¡Aetc.¡A it is enterprises that channel into the key factor influencing the performance after the implementaion of ERP system.

If companies want to stand out in the competitive market environment to raise customer awareness, they must understand customers¡¦ requirements, interests, and behaviors. In the past, a company gets customers¡¦ information to support decision making by doing market survey or analyzing historical transaction data. Some researches have showed that if a company can integrate market survey and transaction data analysis, the company can get a more comprehensive and complete information about customers. Although previous researches have indicated that it is very useful for a company to make good decisions by integrating market survey and transaction data analysis, there is still little research addressing this issue in education. The study aimed to explore the relationship between information analyzed from historical transaction data and from market survey for higher education. Our research scope focuses on the PhD programs of management schools. The result shows that student performance is strongly related to department reputation. Some suggestions for departments that want to improve their reputation as follows: improving the number of research grants gained from the National Science Council, increasing the number of graduate PhD students as supervisors and increasing the number of published papers and thesis under their supervision, expanding the number of graduate PhD students applying for National Science Council grants, and promoting the percentage of graduate PhD students teaching in public universities. It is evident that education stakeholders can combine market survey and historical data analysis to get more complete information for decision making Finally, this research would also bring up some practical suggestions and promote future research.

The purpose of this study is twofold: (1) to examine the effects of knowledge on cognition and regulation of cognition on declarative knowledge, conditional knowledge, and procedural knowledge in geometry and (2) to examine the interrelationships among declarative knowledge, conditional knowledge, and procedural knowledge in geometry. The reciprocal relationships between metacognitive and knowledge factors were modeled by using data from tenth grade secondary school students. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized relationships of two metacognitive factors (knowledge of cognition, regulation of cognition) and three knowledge factors (declarative knowledge, conditional knowledge, procedural knowledge). The observed variables representing the latent variables were determined by carrying out exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis for the metacognitive awareness inventory and geometry knowledge test separately. Major findings revealed: (1) Declarative knowledge significantly and positively influences conditional and procedural knowledge / (2) Procedural knowledge has a signitificant and positive direct effect on conditional knowledge / (3) Declarative knowledge has a positive indirect effect on conditional knowledge / (4) Knowledge of cognition significantly and positively influences procedural knowledge / (5) Regulation of cognition has a significant but negative direct effect on procedural knowledge / (6) Knowledge of cognition has positive indirect effects on conditional and procedural knowledge / (7) Regulation of cognition has negative indirect effects on conditional and procedural knowledge / (8) Knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition have non-significant direct effect on declarative and conditional knowledge. The results showed that knowledge of cognition has the strongest direct effect on procedural knowledge and the direct effect of declarative knowledge on conditional knowledge is stronger than on procedural knowledge. In view of the findings considerable suggestions is provided for teachers, instructional designers, and mathematics education researchers.