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Problematika peccatum originale, a to jak p. o. originans (prvotní hřích), tak p. o. originatum (dědičný hřích), patří mezi velké výzvy, s nimiž se současná teologie musí vyrovnat. Týká se to především původu onoho sklonu ke zlému, který je spatřován v projevu neposlušnosti prvních lidí. V promýšlení nového kontextu pro dogma o dědičném hříchu však pravděpodobně nelze očekávat zásadní a zlomový průlom jediné osobnosti a jejího myšlení. Paleta mnoha teorií a přístupů stručně nastíněná v předkládané práci, představuje kroky na dlouhé cestě k možnému řešení.

This work uses analytical-comparativel methodology in basic outline trying to map catechetical-pastoral activity of the Church in Czechoslovakia since the establishment of the first republic to the present. Given the extensive topic it is focused only to selected major figures of Czech churches who were acting from the thirties of the 20th century to the Velvet Revolution and who, through their services, influenced the lives of many people. Work first defines the terminology and then presents a theoretical study of basic post-conciliar magisterium of the Catholic Church documents, relating to the subject of work - catechesis of adults. In this light as well as in historical and social context of the past, this work also perceives testimony of life, services, and ideas of three giants of the era which were Tomislav Kolakovič, Ota Mádr and Jan Evangelista Urban. Through their lifes analysing the literary works of those, this work will show individual paths of adults-catechesis and what these theologians were anticipating with as it was found later in church documents.

Presented work introduces basic view of Catechesis in Czech Republic considerating from the foundation of the republic - Czechoslovakia - till now. There is a note in introduction of how we actually understand Catechesis to place the words to context. Reflections and opinions of the church are mentioned in the text as well as references to some documents of church and also notes of Catechesis held in the church outside the Czech lands to clarify the topic of Catchesis in the Czech Republic. Together with resources from books listed in the end of the work, some personal experiences of an author for the period of last thirty years are also noted. The work does not attempt to be a complete outlook on the whole issue but is rather a look at this issue from a new angle.

In my thesis I came to several conclusions. Holy Fathers John XXIII., Paul IV. and Francis, who followed and related the legacy of II. of the Vatican Council to, are much more popular in society than the popes, who have a different opinion and do not support the last ecumenical council. The openness of the personality and the pope's approach to the church modernization is for public absolutely necessary. Another crucial aspect for today's church is for sure the media world.

The development of concordatarian law from the year 1964 onward The goal of this thesis is the analysis and comparisson of concordatarian law in few select countries. This thesis is mainly focused on the countries of Central Europe (Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Republic of Poland, Federal Republic of Germany). In order to expand the scope of this thesis, two other countries were chosen. The first one is the Kingdom of Spain, which represents a unique example of a gradual change between the so called traditional concordatarian system and the new and modern system developed after the conclusion of the Second Vatican Council. The second country, that was chosen is the Republic of Colombia as a non-European country with long and interesting history of concordatarian tradition. The thesis itself is divided into two main parts. The first part (composed of the first two chapters) aims to define the basic terms, which are used throughout the entire thesis. Such basic terms as concordat, the subjects of concordatarian agreements, the Holy See and others are defined in the first chapter. Also the international legal personality of the Holy See and its historical development is examined in the same chapter as well. The Second Vatican Council and its teachings had a profound impact on the concordatarian...

Changes of canon law from the Second Vatican Council to the present Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the development of canon law after the Second Vatican Council. Canon law, like other systems of law, is undergoing constant development, responding both to the development of human knowledge and to the changes in society in which it exists. The thesis deals with the changes of canon law made by the popes after the Second Vatican Council, with the main emphasis being placed on the changes made by papal laws, ie apostolic constitutions or motu proprio. Ecclesiastical laws of lower legal force are included in the work only if they implement the papal law or are otherwise directly affected by it. The introductory part of the thesis deals with the historical context of the Second Vatican Council, especially the First Vatican Council, which was forcibly interrupted right after the publication of the first two documents and never officially ended. Nevertheless, the work on the first codification of canon law, completed in 1917, was born on its basis. The social and political development associated with the two world wars caused the need to reform not only the code but also the whole canon law. The next part of the work deals with the Second Vatican Council, convened by Pope John XXIII. for the purpose of...

The thesis The Church and its lay aspect. Ecclesiolgical fondations of laity in the beginning of 21st century describes the situation of the lay aspect in the Church. Firstly, it defines its position within the structure of the Church. Then, on the basis of the theological reflection of the Church and its lay focus, it explains the mission of lay people as representatives of specifal state of life. Lastly, it analyzes the situation of contemporary Church, based on some examples connected to laity. The aim of the thesis is to highlight the Church approach to the world with specific emphasis on laity. It also points out the importance of the inclusive approach of the Church in the World.

This thesis concerns with the Church doctrine of marriage and family. Chapter 1 includes a small outline of the historical development since the beginning of the existence of the Church until the Second Vatican Council. Chapter 2 introduces the Second Vatican Council´s Constitution Gaudium et Spec. Chapter 3 reflects the impact of the Constitution Gaudium et Spec and the new themes in the Church doctrine about marriage. Chapter 4 summarizes the results of the Synods in 2014 and 2015 while Chapter 5 provides an analysis of the Apostolic exhortation about love in family Amoris Laeticia written by the Pope Franciscus. The aim of this work is to describe the changes in the approach of the Catholic Church to the institution of marriage.

The thesis deals with the Czechoslovakia - Vatican relationships in the 1960's with an emphasis on the 1968 Prague Spring time. It summarises the importance of the 2nd Ecumenical Council of the Vatican and demonstrates the transformation of the papacy starting with early 1960's. The core of the thesis is an analysis of the political relations between Czechoslovakia and Vatican in 1968, and the attitude of Pope Saint Paul VI. (1963-1978) to the events in Czechoslovakia, with added emphasis on the personalities of Czech and Slovak bishops, negotiations between the Church and the state, as well as the metamorphoses of the Czechoslovakia-Vatican diplomatic contacts. The diplomatic negotiations present an interesting bonus primarily from the Radio Vaticana archive, which is available, in a digital version, at the Institute for the Study of Totalitarian Regimes website. Keywords Communism; Vatican II - Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican; Pope St. Paul VI.; Catholic Church; Vatican.