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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Magnetic substitution in CePt₂Si₂ and CeCu₅In Kondo lattice

Mahlubi, Zwelithini Melford January 2013 (has links)
>Magister Scientiae - MSc / In the past few decades, the studies of f-electron materials have revealed unusual physical properties such as Fermi-liquid, non-Fermi-liquid behaviour at low temperatures, heavy- Fermion behaviour, valence fluctuation, Kondo effect, superconducting and magnetic ordering. These materials include binary and ternary compounds and alloys with Cerium (Ce) or Ytterbium (Yb) based rare earth elements or Uranium (U) based actinide element. In these systems the localized magnetic moments formed by Ce, Yb or U ions transform the electronic properties of these compounds leading to quasiparticles with masses in excess to 1000 times the bare electron mass. These materials are known as heavy-fermion materials. Two well known heavy – Fermion compounds with Ce based rare earth elements of interest in this thesis are CePt₂Si₂ and CeCu₅In. The effect of substituting Ce with moment bearing Tb or Dy in these two compounds, are reported through measurements of electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization. The three alloy systems (Ce₁₋ₓREₓ)Pt₂Si₂ (RE = Tb, Dy) and (Ce₁₋ₓTbᵪ)Cu₅In under investigation in the present thesis, was synthesized and characterized by x-ray diffraction. The alloy systems (Ce₁₋ₓREₓ)Pt₂Si₂ (RE = Tb, Dy, 0≤ ᵡ ≤1) formed a single phase in the P4/nmm tetragonal CaBe₂Ge₂ – type structure across the whole series while the (Ce₁₋ₓTbᵪ)Cu₅In alloy system formed a single phase in the Pnma orthorhombic CeCu₆ – type crystal structure up to 40% Ce substitution. The physical properties of these systems is reported and discussed through the measurements of electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization. The variables of this study are: the doping concentration of Tb or Dy, the applied magnetic field and the sample temperature. Electrical resistivity studies for all the systems revealed coherence effect at Ce – rich alloys (0≤ ᵡ ≤0.2) and single-ion Kondo scattering with further increased RE concentration ( ᵡ ≥ 0.3). The magnetic property studies indicate antiferromagnetic ordering only for the (Ce₁₋ₓREₓ)Pt₂Si₂ alloy system in the concentration range 0.7≤ ᵡ ≤ 1. The present thesis is comprised of six chapters, which are arranged as follows: The first chapter deals with the theoretical background of the physical properties of Ce based intermetallics compounds and alloys. Experimental techniques constitutes chapter II and explains the techniques used in this study. The theoretical overview of the two parent compounds of interest in this thesis (CePt₂Si₂ and CeCu₅In) is presented in chapter III. The fourth and the fifth chapters of this study deals with results and discussion. The thesis is completed with a conclusion in chapter six.
2

SPECTROSCOPIE DE PHOTOEMISSION DANS LE DOMAINE DES RAYONS X MOUS

Venturini, Federica 17 October 2005 (has links) (PDF)
La motivation principale de cette thèse a été de déterminer les avantages et les inconvénients de l'utilisation de la spectroscopie de photoémission résolue en angle dans le domaine des rayons X mous.<br />L'étude d'un système bien connu, Ag(001) nous permet de discuter plusieurs questions telles que le rôle de la quantité de mouvement du photon, la pertinence de l'approximation d'électron libre à l'état final, et le rôle des phonons. La polarisation de la lumière incidente a aussi été exploitée. En choisissant un tel système, nous avons aussi voulu comparer les résultats expérimentaux avec des spectres calculés de photoémission résolue en angle dans cette gamme d'énergie.<br />Le comportement à basse température atypique des composés de Cérium est généralement imputé à l'effet Kondo. Des résultats originaux ont été obtenus en étudiant la bande de valence de trois composés monocristallins iso-structuraux de Cérium, CeCu2Ge2, CeNi2Ge2 et CeCo2Ge2. La position du seuil d'absorption M5 du Cérium dans la bande d'énergie des rayons X mous est exploitée pour isoler la contribution 4f à ces spectres. De plus, l'utilisation de photons incidents d'énergie relativement élevée permet de minimiser les effets de surface. Les spectres de photoémission présentés dans cette thèse incluent des études de dépendance en température, des spectres à la résonance, des spectres résolus en angle ou bien intégrés angulairement. Les premiers sont en accord avec le modèle d'impureté unique d'Anderson, alors que les derniers suggèrent qu'il est important de prendre en compte le réseau cristallin.

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