Práce se zabývá analýzou občanských válek v současné subsaharské Africe. Zaměřuje se na definování jejich příčin a následků, popis vybraných válek a v závěru shrnuje možná východiska a překážky demokratizace Afriky.

Specifičnost subsaharské Afriky z ohledem na vznik a průběh konfliktů je dána různými geografickými, historickými, sociálními a politickými determinantami jejího koloniálního a postkoloniálního vývoje. Podle Heidelberského institutu pro výzkum mezinárodních konfliktů celkový počet konfliktů v regionu v minulém roce vzrostl. Nejvyššího stupně intenzity dosáhl konflikt v súdánském Dárfúru. Súdán je zmítán konflikty téměř nepřetržitě od získání nezávislosti. Všechny je spojuje pocit marginalizace a opomíjení řadových obyvatel centrální vládou v Chartúmu.

The diploma thesis aims to assess the World largest UN peace keeping mission achievement and limitations since its deployment in DR Congo 1999 to data and the study suggests solution for the lasting peace in Eastern Congo. The second war broke out in the Democratic Republic of Congo 1998. Theoretically the war ended in July 2003 following the signing of peace accord. The UN troops were deployed to monitor the cease fire, implementation of the agreement and to stabilize the country. However, conflicts still continue in various parts of the country and in particular in the Eastern provinces of North Kivu and South Kivu. The secondary data method was used to collect data from UN agencies, International organizations and international media. The introduction of the study gives the background of the study, the literatures explain among other things the peace keeping history, UN charter, conflict theory and list of armed forces operating in Eastern Congo. The result give a list of the Mission achievements and the discussion focus on the Mission limitations. After the study conclusion, some recommendations are formulated including for the lasting peace in the eastern DR Congo; security reform; economic development promotion for job creation and finally the study recommends the setting up of the criminal court to bring to book all perpetrators of crime committed during conflict

Significance of family mediation in the resolution of legal conflicts in a family The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the issue of family mediation. Family mediation which is a form of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) could be defined as a structured process in which family members agree to appoint a neutral third party (the mediator) who assists them to find a mutually satisfactory solution to their problem based on their own decisions. The mediator must be impartial, their role is to encourage communication between the parties but has no authority to make any substantial suggestions or decisions with regard to the parties' issues. The mediation process is voluntary and confidential. One of the reasons why I chose this topic is my belief that family mediation can be in many cases a more suitable way to solve family conflicts than litigation. In many foreign countries (especially western European countries, the USA and Canada) mediation has a long history and is used frequently to solve conflicts that relate to separation, divorce, custody, financial questions in family etc. In the Czech Republic, however, family mediation has not been developed very well and I find this situation unfavorable. Recently there has been lots of discussion concerning the draft law on mediation. It could bring...

Práce zkoumá příčiny násilí v Kolumbii především ve 20. století. Zabývá se socioekonomickými podmínkami země a postavením politických stran a jejich vlivem na společnost, důraz je kladen i na možnost aktivní participace obyvatel na politickém životě. Definuje jednotlivá období násilí a hledá u nich možné kořeny konfliktů. Větší pozornost zaměřuje na válku dosud probíhající, určuje její charakter a aktéry, zmiňuje její historii i současný vývoj.

This diploma work "Participation of UN in humanitarian crisis caused by armed conflict, focused on humanitarian intervention" devotes to problems with using humanitarian intervention as one of the most controversial measures, that were reaction to humanitarian crisis, caused by armed conflicts. It focuses on humanitarian intervention of first half of 90's, when this concept was stigmatised by unsuccessful solutions to armed conflicts in Rwanda and Somalia. It tries to reveal fouls, which UN committed in these conflicts and maps out the pretences at balancing with these fouls and taking instruction to the future. Furthermore it devotes to questions which using concept of humanitarian intervention stired up and new concept Responsiblity to protect is also gone with the same questions. This work maps out measures of UN, which are using in case of armed conflicts and shift of opinion from the term humanitarian intervention to concept Responsibility to protect, which implemention is stiring up lively discussion. Nevertheless this concept was unanimously voted by all member countries in Summit OSN 2005. Efforts of international security and peace with be ever actual issue a this issue should be at front of all people's interest.

The thesis deals with the young generation´s view of the old age period. The theoretical part of work is devoted to the issues of ageing and the old age. The changes associated with the ageing process are described there and the demographic trends of ageing population and the situation in the Czech Republic are also mentioned. Emphasis is given to the specification, formation and transformation of generations over a period of time. In the chapter called ´Generation gap relationships´, points of view of both the young and the elderly are described, together with the ageism phenomenon and mutual solidarity. The following chapters of the theoretical part are devoted to generation gap conflicts and communication. Qualitative research, aiming to discover how young generation members view the old age and elderly people, is carried out in the practical part of thesis. The qualitative research deals with the four main topics: elderly people definition through the eyes of young, young generation´s characterization of the old age, the status of elderly people in the Czech society viewed by the young generation and mutual generation gap relationships in the family frame. Qualitative research was carried out by means of semi-structured interviews with informers belonging to the young generation. In the practical part of thesis, relationships between the young and the elderly generation are detaily scrutinized.

The objective of this diploma thesis is to provide basic orientation in the topic of the adolescents stress and key concepts of this topic. The next objektive of the thesis is to compare the individual effects of Adolescents stress at grammar schools. Theoretical part of the thesis defins the basic terms - difficult life situation, stress, frustration, conflicts, escape, aggression, coping strategies, stress management programs and concepts related to adolescence - age groups, pubescence, adolescence, results of adolescents stress. Practical part of thesis defines the objectives and assumtions for evaluation, describes used method of evaluation, approximate research course and in the end verifies the assumptions.

The graduation thesis describes some problems of Africa in last 50 years and it pays special attention to the case of Rwanda. It contains also a short history of the african continent as the roots of many conflits have originated hundreds of years ago. It concretely describes 6 african countries: Somalia, Sierra Leone, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Uganda and a special chapter is dedicated to the civil war and genocide in Rwanda.

The topic of the final thesis is the impact of oil on economic and political stability of petro-states. The first chapter summarizes basic data about oil, its reserves, production and consumption, as well as about oil trade and oil prices. Basic information about OPEC is included in this chapter.The second chapter includes different theories about effects of oil wealth on economic, political and social development in petro-states. The third chapter is an attempt to apply theories from chapter two on OPEC countries. The aim of the thesis is to present impacts of oil on OPEC countries.