The thesis deals with the analysis of the Constution of first half of the 19th century in Habsburg Monarchy (The Pillersdorf constitution, The Kremsier constitution and The Stadion constitution) and with the analysis of the Polish Constitution of 3rd May from the year 1791. The first section describes constitutionalism as a concept. It is followed by an overview of previous historical events, which have great influence of the constitutional progress in the Habsburg monarchy in the previous period. The third chapter describes The Pillersdorf constitution, the fourth chapter is dedicated to The Kremsier consitution (and The Kremsier Assembly) and the fifth chapter discusses The Stadion constitution. Then is following by short section which is evaluating the influence of Austrian constitution on subsequent development of constitutionalism in Habsburg Monarchy. The seventh chapter is devoted to Polish Constitution of 3rd May and describes naturally also historical reasons for adoption of this constitutional text and an internal political situation in Poland especially during the 18th century. The last one but very important chapter consists from comparison of the Polish constitution and of Austrian constitution. This part compares all the constitutional texts in a brief summary and tries to find main...

Formation of the Constitution of the Czech Republic Abstract The thesis deals with the issue of formation of the Constitution of the Czech Republic. This process has not been sufficiently described yet, as the sources are limited and fragmented. Therefore, the aim of this work is to map the whole process of the formation of the Constitution following the interviews with important personalities of that time. The intention is to provide readers with an insight into this issue and to deal with some partial questions arising in connection with this process. One such issue is, for example, the question of the legality and legitimacy of the formation of the Constitution which raises the debate even with a considerable lag from its adoption, as well as some constitutional institutes which were discussed extensively during the process of formation of the Constitution and which were often results of compromises of the subjects involved in the process. It is precisely a compromise solution of a number of sub-questions that is typical for the formation of the Constitution, as well as the randomness and specificity that lined its formation. These include, for example, the entities involved in the process of the formation of the Constitution which included not only two official commissions but also some notable...

Resume Status of the emperor according to the Austrian constitutions The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the position which belonged to the head of the Habsburg Monarchy according to the Austrian Constitutions from the second half of the 19th century. The revolutionary years 1848-1849 caused changes in the constitutional system of the monarchy. These changes were also reflected at the level of head of state. The emperor was no longer to be sole representative of state power, but he had to participate in it together with the parliament and the government. When examining these changes, it is necessary to differentiate the formal position of Emperor, which belonged to him under the Constitutions and his factual position. Realistically, the emperor maintained until the collapse of the monarchy considerable influence on the exercise of state power. The work explores the following constitutions: Pillersdorf (April) constitution of 1848, Kremsier constitution of 1849, Stadion (March) constitution of 1849, Schmerling (February) constitution of 1861 and Beust (December) constitution of 1867. The work is divided into six chapters. The first chapter describes constitutional and political development of the Habsburg monarchy since revolution in 1848 until the release of the December constitution in 1867 and it...

The central themes of the thesis are the limits of democracy, the qualities that distinguish it from other political regimes, the criteria necessary for its existence, and the character of the regimes that arise if one or more of these criteria are not met. The first part of the thesis presents fundamental concepts and theories that deal with these questions, the goal of the second part is to apply these theoretical considerations to a particular case, namely Hungary. The first part focuses primarily on the definition of democracy and non-democracy, on the functioning and characteristics of regimes in the "grey area" between democracy and authoritarianism, on the definitions of relevant terms and on the ways in which various theories of democracy, authoritarianism and hybrid regimes approach these concepts and definitions. The first chapter presents the theories of democracy that are relevant to the discussion about hybrid regimes: the minimalist concept, the procedural minimum and the extended procedural minimum. The second chapter focuses on the definition of the opposite of democracy, the third chapter presents a cognitive-linguistic approach to the links between democracy and authoritarianism. The last two chapters of the first part offer a brief overview of the theories of hybrid regimes and...