The objective of my diploma thesis was to determine the ecological impact of zinc and copper on the dairy and beef cattle breeding in the South-West Bohemia region at the farms located in the Šumava Protected Landscape Area, at the elevation from 750 m to 1070 m. The research included 4 cattle breeding farms, Posobice and Nemilkov {--} dairy cattle, and Hartmanice, Keple {--} beef cattle. In my thesis, I first evaluate the importance of zinc and copper as important mineral matters and their overall influence of the cattle organism. Furthermore, I evaluate their manifestations when these matters are lacking or in surplus in the organism. The final part of the thesis comprises two areas of findings. The first part focuses on the total intake in feed and mineral additives, the level of their content in blood plasma and their quantity excreted by cattle in the individual dairy and beef cattle breeding farms specified above. The second part researches the release of zinc and copper to the environment.

This master thesis deals with a classification technique for an automatic detection of different land cover types from combination of high resolution imagery and LiDAR data sets. The main aim is to introduce additional post-processing method to commonly accessible quality data sets which can replace traditional mapping techniques for certain type of applications. Classification is the process of dividing the image into land cover categories which helps with continuous and up-to-date monitoring management. Nowadays, with all the technologies and software available, it is possible to replace traditional monitoring methods with more automated processes to generate accurate and cost-effective results. This project uses object-oriented image analysis (OBIA) to classify available data sets into five main land cover classes. The automate classification rule set providing overall accuracy of 88% of correctly classified land cover types was developed and evaluated in this research. Further, the transferability of developed approach was tested upon the same type of data sets within different study area with similar success – overall accuracy was 87%. Also the limitations found during the investigation procedure are discussed and brief further approach in this field is outlined.

This thesis deals with an endangered large mammal species - snow leopard, its distribution, population dynamics, landscape genetics and connectivity, trophic ecology and human-snow leopard conflicts in the Nepalese Himalaya (Sagarmatha National Park (SNP), Lower Mustang (LM) and Upper Manang (UM) in the Annapurna Conservation Area, during Wet and Dry seasons in 2014-2016. In the case of snow leopard study, we used data obtained from camera traps, scat's genetic analysis and monitoring of fresh pugmarks and scrapes while direct count method was used to study for its main prey, blue sheep and Himalayan tahr. In study 1, we assessed the determinants of habitat suitability of snow leopards using MaxEnt model and mapped the distribution of suitable habitat for snow leopards in Nepal. Altitude and Annual mean temperature are important common factors contributing to snow leopard habitat suitability within the area studied, which is indicated by both the percentage contribution of environmental variables and Jackknife test from MaxEnt model. Some other uncommon factors also seem to play a role, as they were important in at least one of the analyses. These were: distance from road, and precipitation of driest month but their importance has to be considered with caution. In study 2, we present our...

(Sub)urbanization significantly change the character of the landscape in the suburbs. Moving population and economic activities in the hinterland of cities initiates changes of land cover and landscape structure. The landscape becomes more fragmented mainly due to transport infrastructure that binds to the construction of new commercial and residential areas. Characterizing landscape structure is possible using landscape metrics. For the analysis of Prague hinterland was selected 7 landscape metrics (percentage of land cover categories, number of patches, mean patch size, mean shape index, total edge, mean distance to the nearest neighbour and DIVISION index). Metrics were selected based on the research of world literature dealing with the phenomenon of urban sprawl. The aim was to select appropriate metrics describing landscape composition and landscape configuration, but at the same time with clear interpretation. The results suggest that significant changes in the landscape structure occured during period of 55 yaers, in the Prague suburb. Most new buildings, whether residential or commercial, were built especially on former agricultural land. There is obviously lack of protection from the urban sprawl. Keywords: (sub)urbanization, urban sprawl, landscape structure, land cover, landscape metrics

This diploma thesis deals with the importance of semi-natural biotopes for the carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and benefits of these beetles for the production of the oilseed rape. Evaluation was done by measuring the diversity of communities of carabid beetles by pitfall trapping followed by the evaluation of total abundance, Shannon´s diversity index and the Shannon´s evenness index in the field oilseed rape and in the adjacent semi-natural biotopes. Diversity was measured at two locations (location A, B). Monitored biotopes of the location A were the meadow, the field, the unmanaged field boundary and the forest. At the site B, monitored biotopes were the meadow and the field. Carabid beetles were captured in one-week intervals continuously from May to September 2013. In total 3076 individuals represented by 78 species were captured. The most numerous species in samples were Poecilus cupreus, Pterostichus melanarius, Poecilus versicolor, Pseudoophonus rufipes and Loricera pilicornis, which formed together 72 % of the total numbers. The monitored biotopes of location A did not differ significantly in total abundance (p = 0.13) nor in the Shannon´s eveness (p = 0.43). They differed by the diversity index (p = 0.03), but this accounted for difference between the field boundary and the forest biotopes (p = 0.04). No difference in the three measured parameters were found by the comparison the field sites and next semi-natural sites at locality A (i.e. meadow A/field A1, forest/field A2), nor by comparing the biotopes field and meadow in both the localities (A, B) in one model (p < 0.05). The results suggest the importance of the immigration of carabid from the semi-natural biotopes into the field, which supports the field populations of carabids and the ecosystem service of biological control provided by them.

The presented diploma thesis concerns with a study of historic and contemporary human influence on the region of Valašská Polanka. The changes in landscape are evaluated by comparing historic maps and sources with its actual condition. Segments of land in the landscape park (Javorníky) as well as outside of it (Vizovické Hills) were selected for further examination and were charted from the perspective of their biotopes. The charted areas include parts of agrarian domains, in this case extensively utilized pastures. The segments mapped on these sites were divided into various categories according to the landscape features (wetland, forest borderland, dispersed greenery). A collection of precaution steps for these features was created, based on the newly gained information. The paper also includes possibilities of application of subsidy programs in agriculture.

The aim of this paper is the issue of landscape planning. The prin-cipal expressions regarding to the landscape planning, such as landscape, landscape plan, landscape planning and landscape character, will be de-scribed on the basis of literary research. The literary research will further deal with analysis of articles written by foreign authors, who write about landscape planning in their country of origin. The chosen regions will be analysed in one separate chapter in terms of their comparability on the basis of chosen factors, such as coefficient of ecological stability, land use etc. Finally will be explored the possibility of application of the Ba-varian landscape planning model for the region Českokrumlovsko. This will be done through structured interviews with representatives of select-ed municipalities in the Czech Republic and representatives of landscape planning in the Bavarian district Freyung-Grafenau.

Annotation The thesis deals with an influence of linear landscape elements and landscape heterogeneity on a biodiversity and population dynamics of small terrestrial mammals (STM) in an agricultural landscape of South Bohemia. The theoretical part consists of literally review about landscape, historical analysis of landscape structures development in the area of interest and summarizes existing knowledge about the ecology of present STM species. The aim of the practical part is to compare small mammals' biodiversity in three biotopes using capture-release-recapture method. The thesis follows my bachelor thesis and uses the same methods as in 2013. Data obtained in 2013 and 2015 were evaluated and the results were compared. In both years three three-days long captures were performed, always with 30 traps in 5 meters distance in every biotope. The species, sex, weight, foot length and age of captured animals were determined. In 2013, 60 individuals of three species of small terrestrial mammals were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus and Microtus arvalis). In 2015, 444 individuals of four species were captured (Apodemus sylvaticus, Myodes glareolus, Microtus arvalis and Apodemus flavicollis). The total numbers of STM significantly differ between 2013 and 2015 (Wilcoxon's pair test, Z = 2,66; p = 0,008). The biotopes differ significantly in animal abundance in both 2013 (Chi-Square 114,1; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001) and 2015 (Chi-Square 346,96; d. f. = 2; p < 0, 0001). The highest species diversity and abundance were always found in linear landscape element (alley).

This thesis deals with a detailed analysis of available data for the area, which is the cadastral area Malý Bor district Klatovy, which subsequently serves as a major base for the actual process of implementing the komplex landscaping. It also includes my own field research. In the first part are described in detail and explained the particular concepts related to the landscape, landscaping, and for them the important materials. In another part is defined the researched area and it is described in terms of historical, typological, geomorphological, geological, climatic, hydrological, phytogeographical and geobiocenological. In the following part there is the description of the available materials and economic land use. With all these available data have been maked particular analyzes that lead to evaluation road infrastructure, water and wind erosion, the situation of nature and landscape protection, water management measures and landscape greenery. Everything is completed by findings from the field research and my own photographs. On these findings are based and individual recommendations or warnings, which serve as comments in a case of implementation of comprehensive landscaping.

The cadastral district of Čejkovice was chosen for mapping of landscape features. The district is located approximately 9 km to the north-west of České Budějovice on a surface of 955 hectares. The following materials were used to map the territory in question ? the plan of the Territorial System of Ecological Stability and the orthophotograph map available at geoportal.gov and historical aerial photos from the Military Geographical and Hydrometeorological Institute of Dobruška. The incidence and representation of individual features were ascertained during mapping of the territory and the features were categorized. The categorization serves to process the results ? to evaluate the frequency and surface (length) of the features and at the same time to compare the present status with the status of the 1950?s. The GIS (Geographic Information Systems) software program was used to evaluate the results. At present, 38 landscape features can be found in the territory of Čejkovice (1 watercourse, 9 ponds, 4 woods, 8 woody plant groups, 9 alleys and 7 solitary plants. In 1950?s, 29 features could be found in the territory (1 watercourse, 10 ponds, 3 woods, 6 woody plant groups, 8 alleys and 1 solitary plant). The solitary plants have experienced the greatest difference ? increase by 6 plants. The surface of ponds has been increased as compared to the past status and the surface of woods has grown as well. The condition of the features does not differ too much as compared to the past condition. The most landscape features have experienced growth of surface.