The "Death penalty as a response to the growing brutality of criminal offenses" diploma thesis discusses the increasing trend of the violent and brutal criminality and the resolution possibilities of the situation. As the main goal of this thesis, the author deals with the idea whether returning the death penalty back into our justice system would be the right response to the increasing degree of brutality of violent criminals. In the theoretical part, the term "death penalty" is explained in general, as well as its history and use. Next the thesis acquaints us with the use of the death penalty on our territory in the past and its legislative question in our history. The next part of the theoretical part is a comparison of the several past years in the development of violent criminal offenses and their brutality in the Czech Republic. The empirical part of the thesis is focused on the research of the public opinion of the citizens of the Czech Republic and the USA regarding the degree of the increasing trend of brutal criminal offenses as well as their opinion on the use of the death penalty. The development of criminality in the USA is described here, as well as the use of the death penalty there. Another point is the evaluation of the situation of the use of the death penalty in the world. The...

The opportunity theory for crime is composed of three partial concepts. The first concept is the routine activity theory that works with a potential offender, a suitable target and a capable guardian. The opportunity for crime occurs in the moment when the offender faces the target while guardians are absent. The second concept, the rational choice perspective, is based on the idea that the offender considers benefit and risk stemming from the crime. The third concept is the crime pattern theory that focuses on the importance of time and space. This master thesis focuses on the usability of the opportunity theory for crime in the context of our current society. Although the opportunity theory for crime is nearly forty years old, this work shows that it is also applicable on cybercrime since some of the "classical" crimes moved from physical space to cyberspace. The potential offender and suitable target exist and behave similarly in cyberspace and in physical space. The difference between the two worlds is notable for the capable guardian, who does not occur randomly in the cyberspace but is embodied in the form of ever-present protection. The opportunity theory also claims that the opportunities are highly specific, they play role in causing all crime, they are influenced by technological...

This Master thesis explores delinquency of juvenile Czechs and Germans from seventh to ninth grade based on quantitative data. The data comes from an International Self-Report Delinquency study (ISRD-2), which is anchored primarily in the Social control theory (Hirschi, 1969/2002) and the General theory of crime (Gottfredson, Hirschi, 1990). Therefore, in the first section, attention is paid to these and other selected criminological theories; the other theories are mainly the strain theories and the cultural deviance theories. In the second section, the thesis deals briefly with the socio- cultural differences and similarities between the Czech Republic and Germany. The core of the thesis is the third, analytical section, which presents the findings of statistical analysis. A conclusion is reached that the theories studied are by far less contradictory than what the authors of the social control theory and the general theory of crime claimed them to be. It rather seems that the individual theories are complementary and often lead to the same predictions. Hypotheses are confirmed that some characteristics of the pupils` relation to their school are related to delinquency: Pupils who like going to school are somewhat less delinquent than pupils who do not. Pupils who play truant are substantially...

The diploma thesis deals with one of the precautions of criminality - Urban camera supervising system, which is constantly more often used in cities and villages in the public. Together with the requirements of citizens to secure their safety it brings the risk of privacy loss. The main intention of this thesis is to place the Urban camera supervising system into the focus point of the dilemma between two basic human rights: the right of human privacy and personal safety right. Next to the description of the terms privacy and safety, the writer examines the harmony of legal regulations of Urban camera supervising system with the concept of human liberty and the status of the state in the point of securing human safety. This thesis thinks of the problem by empirical facts and different theoretical aspects of political philosophy and political thinking, especially liberalism and conservatism. The thesis also looks into the quality of the connection between the citizen and local public administration in the realization of the project of Urban camera supervising system.

Criminal behaviour among youths is spread so widely, that almost every youth has committed one criminal aktivity at least. The top of the criminal activities of youth committers came in the half nineties. Since that time, there have been noticed new trends in youth{\crq}s criminality development. The average age of committers decreases, the brutality of crime increases and there came out new kinds of crime (children prostitution, drug criminality). In the last time it is more often discussed lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. It would be since 14 years. A new penal legislative could be authorized at the break of this and next year. This diploma work aims to chart the society{\crq}s attitude towards criminal activity of youths in chosen areas of south bohemian region. Individual points of this work are orientated towards the attitudes to the age limit of penal responsibility, to the current legislative reform in punishable activities of youths; to risky factors which cause arise of criminal behaviour. The first hypothesis was set up on the thought, that the risky factor which has an effect on arising the criminal behaviour of youths is preferred by the public in consistence in parents bringing up to school setting. Hypothesis I. was confirmed. Hypothesis one claimed that the laic public is not partisan of setting op cameras at schools. This hypothesis was disapproved. Hypothesis II. assumed that positive laic public{\crq}s attitude are for lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. This hypothesis was confirmed. Before the research, there had come out a hypothesis III. which assumes professionals positive attitude towards lowering the age limit of penal responsibility. There was pursued a research with some professionals work in a field of penal affairs of youths. There was made a half standardized interview. In the second part was done a quatitative research. That research was realized on the selective set which had 210 respondents. Some inhabitants of České Budějovice and Český Krumlov regions took part in this research. The main implement used in this research was a semantic diferencial. This diploma work should help to spread awareness and knowledge of the crime problematic of youths. Next usage could be used by professionals who are interestend in attitudes towards this problematic.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to familiarize with offer of welfare services for homeless people in Benešov City on the basis of theoretical knowledge and information about phenomenon of homelessness. Also to show the influence of social services offer on the life of homeless person, to call attention to other connections and importance of a form of social service help in a role of low-cost daily centre, doss-houses and field services for people without shelter. For research part of the thesis was chosen a qualitative research for its possibilities to examine some specific broadly defined phenomenon and to bring sufficient amount of information about it. Case study method was used. Results of the research part are summarized in the end. The effect of use of social services offer for homeless people in Benešov city on the quality of their lives is exposed. Discovered conclusions point out to importance of help and support which is offered through social services.