The diploma thesis deals with changes in the system of taxation in the Czech Republic, 2008 -- 2013. The aim of the thesis is to analyze particular changes in the system of taxation in each year and determine what form of fiscal policy was applied and whether it was in accordance with tax theory. The examined taxes are: personal and corporate income tax, social security contributions, health insurance, value added tax and excise duties. The first part of the thesis deals with causes and consequences of the financial crisis that began in 2008. The second part of the thesis deals with fiscal policy theory and its measures. The third part of the thesis is an analysis anti-crisis measures applied throughout the European Union during the financial crisis. The fourth part analyzes the changes in the system of taxation in the Czech Republic, 2008 -- 2013.

The main approach to the solution of the debt crisis, which started in EU in 2010, was the adoption of measures focusing on fiscal consolidation. But despite them it is still not possible to claim that the debt crisis has been resolved, and the economic stagnation of EU continues. This thesis follows alternative approach to the solution of debt crisis, specifically the measures revolving around fostering of economic growth. It looks into how different extent of implementation of competitiveness strategies, whose goal together with the improvement of country competitiveness is to also improve economic growth, influenced the impact of debt crisis on selected countries. Based on this analysis we draw a conclusion whether or not measures focused on the economic growth could be a more effective solution of the debt crisis.

This diploma thesis analyses trends of foreign direct investment flows in developing countries during the period from 2000 to 2012. It emphasizes on changes caused by global economic crisis in 2008. First chapter is dedicated to theoretical characteristics of FDI and its impact on host economy. The second chapter describes FDI flows from 2000 to 2007, both from global point of view and in particular developing regions. Third chapter is focused on analysis of economic crisis impact on FDI flows and description of trends in developing countries occured as a result of crisis.

The objective of this diploma thesis is to analyse the Swiss economy at the beginning of the third millennium, while the main emphasis is put on period since 2007, when the world economic crisis started on the finacial markets of United States of America and then spread to other parts of the globalized world. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter describes the fundamental geographic, demographic, political, historical and economic facts about Switzerland. The second chapter explores the Swiss economy on the basis of main macroeconomical indicators as gross domestic product, inflation rate and rate of unemployment. There is also analyse of the balance of payments, the foreign trade and the international investment position of the country. The third chapter concludes the thesis with detailed description of the crisis and its effects on the Swiss economy and with futures prospects.

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the company Italiashoes, Ltd., which is currently in a crisis and to propose recovery measures. In the thesis, various recovery methods were suggested to lead the company out of crisis. The goal of this paper is to examine the reasons causing troubles by using many different methods. Comprehensive view of the various aspects is also going to be discussed in this work.

The objective of diploma thesis is to define specific groups of population, defined by sex, age or education, which are represented disproportionately in comparison of whole population of Czech Republic. In the thesis is described the population structure in terms of demography and economy, as well as factors which influence the labor market from short-term and long-term point of view. To achieve all marked out objectives is made explanatory statistics for unemployment of specified groups of population and the index analysis that allows to examine the inter-annual development of unemployment rate in terms of age, sex and education. Based on the index analysis are defined critical groups, which are evaluated by proportionality among unemployed persons. The analysis showed that critical groups are considered young people with lower level of education and women with high school education or women 30-39 years old.

The master thesis deals with macroprudential policy and its application in the US. The thesis is mainly focused on the large reform of the financial market in the US known as Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act. The main objective of the thesis is to analyse the impact of this act on the financial market in the US. The thesis is divided into four chapters, which are logically connected. The first chapter describes the institutional structure of the regulation and supervision over the financial market in the US, with the emphasis on the organisational structure of FED. The second chapter deals with macroprudential policy from the theoretical point of view with the focus on the tools of the policy and its interaction with other policies. It also covers the incentives which lead into putting this policy into practice. The third chapter focuses on the causes of the financial crisis and particularly on the response to the crisis in the form of Dodd-Frank Act. The final chapter analyses the impact of particular measures contained in Dodd-Frank Act on the US financial market. Analysing this the thesis concludes whether these measure were successful from the perspective of objectives that Dodd-Frank Act wanted to meet.

This thesis comprehensively summarizes the global financial crisis. Its main causes consist of government support for home ownership, artificially set interest rates, and the conduct of economic actors in the context of financial innovation. Thus, this thesis considers external interventions into the economy as the primary causes of the crisis. Furthermore, chronologically summarized are the steps taken by the Federal Reserve System (Fed) and the European Central Bank (ECB) during the crisis itself. In a short period of time, these central banks exhausted the standard tools of monetary policy, which led to the use of unconventional measures. The Fed mainly used quantitative easing, while the ECB used a set of various tools available to help solve problems on multiple fronts - especially the debt crisis in the Eurozone countries. With the exception of a description of the chain of events leading to the financial and economic crisis, the main contribution of this thesis lies in mediation and confrontation of views by selected economists from various spectrum of opinions in regards to the steps of the Fed and the ECB in their solutions to the crisis. This discussion reveals that the biggest concerns associated with these interventions consist of price bubbles, inflation, distortion in market mechanisms, Europe's unsustainable integration at the monetary level, and the inexorable rise of the another crisis caused by the failure to solve the real causes of the last crisis. Finally, the opinions of the author of this thesis match with the conclusions and recommendations that arise from this discussion.

This thesis is aimed to analyze the impact of economic crisis in Latvia which was carried out in 2008-2010. Concurentelly the first part of the study emhasizes on claryfying the causes of the emergence of the economic crisis. The following part is focused on description of the reasons why particularly the way out of crisis throuhg internal devaluation was chosen and used. The actual negotiations on assistance from IMF and implemented fiscal consolidation are incorporated in this section of the thesis as well. The final part of the study beyond analyzing impacts of economic crisis analyzes demographic trends in Latvia. The comparison of external devaluation, which took place in Iceland, and internal devaluation that was implemented in Latvia is essential. Implemented savings measures within the internal devaluation achieved their targets and Latvia quickly emerged from the crisis and since 2011 to 2014 its GDP was continually growing. However, the worst problem which negatively affected Latvia seemed to be adverse demographic development which causes the fact that the country has to face the high rate of emigration, low birth rate and population aging.

After more than 30 years of fast economic development since the Reform and open up to the world in 1978. Chinas socialist market economy is ranked at the worlds second largest economy by nominal GDP. and the worlds largest economy by purchasing power parity according to the IMF today. In spite of the outstanding economic data. China is facing numbers of problems like overcapacity and high financial risk. The goal of this thesis is to dig into the hidden realities behind the fast economic growth of China mainly through analyzing the economic situation after the 2008-09 Chinese economic stimulus plan. which is known asthe 4 trillion RMB (USD 586 billion) stimulus package announced by the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China on 9 November 2008. It is regarded as an attempt to minimize the impact of the global financial crisis on the worlds second largest economy. However. critics of Chinas stimulus package have blamed it for causing a surge in Chinese debt and overcapacity since 2009. particularly among local governments and state-owned enterprises.