In recent years the guitar has belonged to the most popular instruments. Its influence reaches many countries, where it has found its new home. It is most significant in music styles such as blues, rock and country. It is evident that these styles would not develop without the guitar. The work deals with the impact of the guitar and guitar players on the history of styles, looks into techniques of various guitarists and classifies them into the history of genres. One chapter is devoted to riff, the melodic sequence, which influenced the thinking of rock musicians in a fundamental way. Guitarists have gradually become heroes, attracting masses of listeners. Consequently, their popularity is used in advertising in order to promote certain goods. For this reason the theme of advertisement has been introduced. The final chapter of this work focuses on the practical use of the instrument in music lessons and presents drafts of song guitar accompaniments.