Thesis PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

The impact of immigrants on the labour market in the South African context has always been a long standing issue with both government and natives’ fearing for the latter’s displacement effect, pressure on wages and resources. Migrants are blamed for poor labour market conditions of a host country. Literature reviewed from Africa and elsewhere shows that migrants have negative outcomes on the host country’s labour market. For this study an Error Correction Model on time series data from 1980-2006 has been estimated. The study estimated two models that is the unemployment and the wages models. The variables used for estimation are immigration, inflation and the Gross Domestic Product. The study surprisingly found a positive impact of immigrants on wages but the effect on employment was negative and significant. It is important to note here that the calculated impact is only for the documented immigrants the impact the illegal ones is not known.

This thesis is concerned with the manner in which labour has been employed in the British Columbia fishing industry, and with the more general historical development of a labour force which provides labour power at wages below full subsistence costs. The phrase "cheap labour" refers to this labour force. The thesis briefly traces the emergence of capitalism in feudal England and argues that labour power was priced in two ways. Organised male craft workers fought for the "family wage"; that is, for wages that would cover not only their own costs of production and reproduction, but also those of their dependents. This meant, however, that when women and children worked for wages, these were not designed to cover their subsistence requirements. They were employed as "cheap labour." With European colonisation, gender criteria were extended to incorporate racial criteria. It is argued that cheap labourers came to be distinguished by race and ethnicity, in addition to gender and age. The differentiation of labour based on biological criteria was adopted elsewhere, and the main body of the thesis is concerned with how this process occurred within British Columbia's fishing industry. The B.C. industry began with canners who had to recruit a new labour force in regions without large supplies of European workers. The thesis traces how canners employed native peoples and Chinese male labourers. The argument is advanced that these groups were paid wages below the costs of subsistence, and that the groups survived because they were embedded in pre-capitalist social relations. They subsisted through a combination of wage labour and unpaid work. The thesis examines Marx's labour theory of value for its utility in explaining the development of a "cheap labour force." Although the theory must be re-worked to incorporate two forms of labour power, it provides a more appropriate model than that of the dual labour market theories. The method of historical materialism, which Marx employed, can be used to re-work the labour theory of value. In particular, the method allows for an analysis of resistance by labourers (for example, through trade union organization, such as the United Fishermen and Allied Workers' Union). These theoretical applications are discussed in the thesis. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

by Chu Shun-wah, Sum Pun-wah, Jeremy. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-86). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS --- p.v / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Background Information of the ILF --- p.2 / Paving Operations --- p.2 / Working Environment --- p.7 / Chapter II. --- PRELIMINARY UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS --- p.9 / Interview with Staff Side od the ILF --- p.9 / Interview with the Management side of the ILF --- p.10 / Chapter III. --- STATISTICAL ANALYSIS --- p.12 / Explanatory Notes for the Cost Elements --- p.13 / Data Analysis --- p.16 / Sampling --- p.17 / Visual comparison of the cost data --- p.18 / Statistical Parameters Analysis --- p.19 / Test for the Equality of Variances for Both Samples --- p.20 / Test for the Equality of Means for Both Samples --- p.21 / Interpretation of Results --- p.23 / Paired T-test --- p.25 / Chapter IV. --- MAIN COST FACTORS ANALYSIS --- p.26 / Salary of Direct Labour --- p.26 / Material Cost --- p.28 / Hire of Services --- p.30 / Chapter V. --- SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS --- p.33 / Salary of Direct Labour --- p.33 / Material Cost --- p.36 / Hire of Services --- p.37 / Chapter VI. --- ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS --- p.39 / Visual Comparison of Cost Data After Allocation of Fixed Cost --- p.41 / Statistical Analysis --- p.42 / Interpretation of Results of Alternative Analysis --- p.44 / Chapter VII. --- GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.45 / Chapter VIII. --- CONCLUSION --- p.52 / APPENDIX --- p.64 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.85

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1965 G97 / Master of Science

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Institute of Economic Studies Bibliographic Record of a an Academic Thesis Title in the language of the thesis (as recorded in SIS) Analyzing the integration of migrants in the Eurozone: lessons for the EU integration Subtitle Translation of the title into English/Czech (as recorded in SIS) Type of the Thesis Master's thesis Author: Gustavo De Luna Gallardo Year 2014 Advisor of the thesis Dr. Wadim Strielkowski, Ph.D. Number of pages 119 Awards Specialization Abstract in Czech Abstract in English Since European Union enables free mobility between its Members States, certain EU countries have become attractive destinations because of the working conditions and/or employment opportunities. As a result, some EU nations have experienced the inflow of large amount of immigrants and disturbances on their labor markets. With regard to this, the concept of Immigration Surplus that proposes that phenomenon of immigration can trigger a process of redistribution of wealth that could enhance the level of production and increase the national income can be applied for analyzing these processes. In addition, research literature suggests that deeper integration of immigrants into host countries can lead to higher levels of economic success. Thus, high levels of...

The determinants of the use of atypical employment and the effectiveness Abstract Atypical employment has been popular all over the world. Although there are plenty of articles about the current situation of the use of atypical employment, we still lack the studies about what determines of the use , how atypical employment influences labor costs, and what determines its future growth. Due to my interests upon the issues above, I made some analysis and got some conclusions: I. The determinants of the use of atypical employment 1. Contingent workers usually don¡¦t do nuclear work 2. Companies usually don¡¦t use atypical employment on professional jobs. 3. Companies usually use atypical employment when workload increases temporarily. 4. Temporary work is usually clerical and industrial. 5. Organizational size has positive effect upon atypical employment. 6. Labor collective contracts have positive effect upon atypical employment. 7. Companies in business-service industry use more atypical employment. 8. Benefit level has positive effect upon atypical employment. II. The determinants of cost saving after using atypical employment 1. The lower level of wage and benefits of contingent workers is the main reason to explain why cost saving happens after using atypical employment. 2. The use of professional temporary work has negative effect on cost saving after using atypical employment. 3. Low-skilled temporary work help firms to save labor costs. 4. Atypical employment causes higher mobility among regular workers and it has negative effect on cost saving. 5. Organizational size has positive effect upon cost saving after companies use atypical employment. 6. It is easier for companies of business-service and manufacturing industry to save labor costs after using atypical employment. III. The determinants of the future growth of atypical employment 1. Atypical employment growth is due to the need to get more employment flexibility and cost control. 2. Professional temporary work will grow significantly in the future. 3. Bad influences of atypical employment have positive effect on its future growth. 4. Collective labor contracts have positive effect on the future growth of atypical employment. 5. Both Taiwanese and foreign companies will increase atypical employment significantly in three years. 6. Organizational size has positive effect on the growth of atypical employment.

The purpose of this study was to analyse personnel expenditure of the Directorate Veterinary Service in the North West Province and how it impacted on service delivery. Literature on personnel expenditure and its influence on service delivery, particularly in the field of Veterinary Services is still in its infancy. Financial condition was referred as a tool to evaluate trends and patterns in how personnel budgets increases over a period of time as a fraction of the total budget affected the ability of the directorate to deliver services to the citizens of the province. Financial condition uses a percentage change to analyse changes in the budget over time for the Directorate. Budget reports (2000-2002) collected from the Provincial Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Environment was analyzed in terms of a split between personnel and operational. This analysis was then used to elucidate patterns over time for the Directorate as a whole, which were then compared between the regions (using cost centers) to determine any bias in terms of resource allocation. The percentage change was also done per standard budget item used in the Province. From the study it is evident that there was deterioration in financial condition for the financial year 200112001. This deterioration in financial condition is shown by a drop in budget but also in terms of a bias towards personnel. This phenomenon was however reversed in the following year of 2002/2003. This study has identified a negative correlation between personnel budget and other expenditure,:, needs for the Directorate Veterinary Services that had negative consequences for service delivery. To this extent it recommends a regular monitoring process to be put in place and the use of public partnerships where practical as a solution to rising personnel costs.

The purpose of this study was to analyse personnel expenditure of the Directorate Veterinary Service in the North West Province and how it impacted on service delivery. Literature on personnel expenditure and its influence on service delivery, particularly in the field of Veterinary Services is still in its infancy. Financial condition was referred as a tool to evaluate trends and patterns in how personnel budgets increases over a period of time as a fraction of the total budget affected the ability of the directorate to deliver services to the citizens of the province. Financial condition uses a percentage change to analyse changes in the budget over time for the Directorate. Budget reports (2000-2002) collected from the Provincial Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Environment was analysed in terms of a split between personnel and operational. This analysis was then used to elucidate patterns over time for the Directorate as a whole, which were then compared between the regions (using cost centers) to determine any bias in terms of resource allocation. The percentage change was also done per standard budget item used in the Province. From the study it is evident that there was deterioration in financial condition for the financial year 200112001. This deterioration in financial condition is shown by a drop in budget but also in terms of a bias towards personnel. This phenomenon was however reversed in the following year of 2002/2003. This study has identified a negative correlation between personnel budget and other expenditure needs for the Directorate Veterinary Services that had negative consequences for service delivery. To this extent it recommends a regular monitoring process to be put in place and the use of public partnerships where practical as a solution to rising personnel costs. / (M.B.A.) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2004