This thesis deals with the modern development method, heutagogy. Heutagogy can also be described as self-dtermined learning or learning based on inner motivation. The idea of heutagogy was first published by Stewart Hase and Chris Kenyon in 2000. The thesis deals with the current situation in the market of corporate education in the Czech Republic, analyzes the use of heutagogical principles among the suppliers of corporate education in the Czech Republic and defines key barriers that limits use of this approach in the Czech Republic. Therefore qualitative research among the top suppliers of the corporate education was done.

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Thesis (M.Ed. (Education Management )) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2014 / In keeping with international trends in education, South Africa has embraced inclusive education which makes provision for all diverse learners with learning barriers, such as Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, to be educated and included in the mainstream classroom. ADHD is a common disorder known to be associated with behavioural and academic difficulties, creating challenges for both teachers and learners. Putting inclusive education into practice within diverse classrooms imply that teachers have to support and teach according to a variety of needs and preferences of learners, including learners with ADHD. I believe that teachers present one of the most valuable sources of information with regard to referral and diagnosis of the disorder. They are also responsible for creating an environment that is conducive to academic, social and emotional success for children with ADHD. However, since some doubt exists as to whether teachers have the appropriate knowledge of ADHD and management skills to fulfill this important role, this research study has sought to examine and evaluate how the presence of learners with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) impacts upon the educational and behavioural climate of the mainstream classroom in the Foundation Phase in primary schools in the Lejwleputswa District. The study moreover addressed the knowledge levels of teachers and support systems in place at both institutional and departmental level. Analysis of the information gathered through interviews revealed that ADHD learners have a predominantly negative impact on the mainstream classroom. The study found that teachers often hold negative beliefs regarding behaviour problems exhibited by ADHD learners, tend to be pessimistic about teaching these learners, and feel that they require extra time and effort to teach them. This could be attributed to a lack of knowledge and management skills of ADHD. Furthermore, it became evident that the majority of teachers view medication as the most effective treatment strategy. Recommendations for the DoE, teachers and further study were made.

The primary objective of this thesis is to evolve a method for assessing and developing features of a learning organization . To fulfill this, I approached the thesis by examining several research questions and using multiple research methodologies. The research questions were not all established at the outset. Rather, they evolved as features of a journey down a road less traveled. With this journey came the decision to write the thesis in the first person. The first research question was Q1: What will bridge the divide between organizational learning and the learning organization? By reviewing the extant literature on organizational learning and the learning organization, I developed a theoretical framework that linked these two streams. The framework suggests that the extent of divide between the two streams is determined by the extent of learning transfer. The learning transfer is affected by the learning barriers operating at the levels of learning (i.e., individuals, groups, and organizational). This led me to my second research question Q2: What are these barriers to learning transfer and how do they impact the levels of learning in the organization? I cumulated the dispersed literature on learning barriers, and synthesized the learning barriers into five key dimensions: Intrapersonal, relational, cultural, structural, and societal. I then used the Delphi technique on 17 individuals to investigate the impact of the learning barriers on the levels of learning. This generated two additional research questions. The third research question was Q3: How do individuals initiate a double-loop change? This deals with the little researched area of initiation of double-loop change whilst engaging with the interfaces at the levels of learning. I used multiple case studies to examine this question and found that individuals transit through four distinct stages when initiating double-loop change: 'embedded', 'embedded discomfited', 'scripted', and 'unscripted'. Once double-loop learning has been initiated at the individual level, it is important that it is transferred across the organization. Therefore, my fourth research question was Q4: How does a new shared understanding for a double-loop change develop across the organization? I did an in-depth, single case based investigation of an organization. Using Identity and Complexity theory perspectives, I tracked the evolving new shared understanding through four phases: de-identification phase, situated re-identification phase, transition phase, and identification with core ideology phase. The key insights from examining these research questions, particularly insights from examining Q3 and Q4, enabled me to suggest nine key organizational interventions necessary to overcome the learning barriers and develop a learning organization: Identifying, developing, and dispersing double-loop mastery; Enabling constructive contradictions; Creating a superordinate organizational identity; Building emotional intelligence (in individuals and groups); Ambidextrous leadership; Strategic support for experimentation; Promoting 'systems doing'; Accessibility of valid information; Institutionalizing scanning across industry boundaries. When these nine organizational interventions are implemented, they produce five new learning organization orientations: genetic diversity, organizational ideology, organizational dualism, organizational coupling, and strategic play. These five new learning organizational orientations provide the archetypes of the learning organization. I then developed an instrument to assess these five new orientations, and did a preliminary testing of the instrument. While aspects of my work overlaid with previous knowledge, new advances in knowledge were established by: Postulating a link between the streams of organizational learning and learning organization Synthesizing learning barriers into the five key dimensions, and investigating their impact on the levels of learning Understanding the stages of double-loop learning initiation by an individual, whilst engaging with the interfaces at the levels of learning Understanding the process of a new shared understanding evolving Postulating five new orientations of the learning organization

Magister Educationis - MEd / The purpose of this study was to explore informed ways of teaching when confronted with the kind of common barriers in grade 10 visible both in and out of the classroom. This qualitative study describes the innovative methods that teachers use. The theoretical framework undergirding this study is effective teacher research. The research design involved interviews of twelve Grade 10 learners, focus group and observations of two teachers. In addition, two student teachers in their final year were also observed. The research captured teaching methods that are already known. However, the research in this thesis also added some new dimensions that many teachers might not know or might not be using in their classroom. These teaching methods revealed the extent to which effective teachers will go to make a difference for their learners. The teaching methods harnessed “the ability from the learner to recreate, imagine and empower their understanding of the world they live in” (CAPS). The findings of the study reveal that creative ways of teaching has the ability to bring about the essential improvement of learner achievement. This falls in line with the South African Education comprehensive programme, which is referred to as Action Plan 2014: Towards the Realization of Schooling 2025.

Research supports that many studies conducted across the country and internationally, acknowledge the positive effects of parental interest in learner academic achievement. The research findings reveals that no study about the role of SMTs and parents in enhancing learner academic achievement has been conducted in rural secondary schools of Sekhukhune Limpopo Province. Further inquiry discovered that studies conducted nationally and internationally focused only on parent participation in elementary schools to improve reading, composition, and cognitive powers of primary school children. Epstein (2011) posits that parental involvement diminishes as the child moves on to secondary school level. The intent of this study through qualitative case-study research explored and analysed the role SMTs and parents play in Sekhukhune District Limpopo Province in enhancing learners’ academic achievement. Five parents of Grade 8-12 learners and 3 SMT members participated from each of the six public secondary schools of Sekhukhune Limpopo province in the inquiry procedure. Principals regards parental engagement in education as interfering with school programmes. This work explored and examined how SMTs and parents collaborate and interact to improve learner academic achievement in rural public secondary schools of the Sekhukhune Limpopo Province. Knowledge of the concept parent involvement; encouraging positive parenting skills; enhancing communication with families; increasing volunteerism at school encouraging learning at home; increasing the number of parents in leadership and decision-making roles; improving community collaboration; capacitating parents and teachers with legislation and laws and dealing with barriers prohibiting effective involvement were some of the themes that evolved from the findings of this study. The implications point to the urgent need for proper training of the school management team for the efficient involvement of parents of children in rural areas, as this will enhance learner achievement. This research highlights the importance of collaboration between all stakeholders to establish a shared vision in order to improve learner academic achievement. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Education Management and Policy Studies / MEd / Unrestricted

Published Article / South Africa underwent political reform in 1994 from an apartheid government to a democratic state. Former white universities, known for their high standards and academic excellence, experienced an influx of black students who previously were excluded from these institutions. This article reports on a study which investigated the extent of learning barriers that previously disadvantaged black students at a renowned higher education institution experience, and endeavours to determine the learning support they need in order to succeed academically. A qualitative approach was followed and data were gathered by means of focus group interviews and participants' photo portfolios. The data were interpreted with reference to recent perceptions on adult learning, particularly in the African context. Implications for higher education in general are indicated.

Thesis (Ph. D. (Education)) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / The purpose of this research was to investigate teachers’ professional proficiency in terms of geography as a subject and English as the language of learning and teaching, the level of difficulty of the textbooks in terms of their difficulty of terminologies and structure, and the impact of code-switching from LoLT into local African languages on learners’ growth in geographical terminologies and communicativeness in English thinking in geography. These issues were considered by the researcher as barriers to learning and teaching of geography in grade 12 in the Limpopo Province. For the investigation of the barriers, the researcher chose research design comprising qualitative, quantitative, explorative and descriptive approaches pertinent to the study. The central figure in the investigation was the learner; the study was underpinned by the constructivist approach. The researcher considered triangulation of methods when gathering data due to the comprehensiveness of the sought data. The method employed was to gather literature on similar studies conducted by scholars elsewhere to shed light to the researcher of the problem under investigation. Structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, participant observations were used to collect data on focal learning and teaching activities. The researcher was keen in determining how teachers employed their preferred methods of teaching geography and the attitudes and perceptions of the learners to the activities that were part of the lessons. The researcher involved (n=16) subject teachers, and administered a 20-item questionnaire to learners. (n=407) responded to a 15-item questionnaire. Curriculum teachers (n=10) were interviewed separately from the pool of the said (n=16), subject advisers (n=2) were interviewed to provide first-hand experience. The findings affirmed that there was poor professional proficiency; textbooks were a recognized learning barrier to second language English learners in terms of the difficulty of the language which was linked to geographical concepts coined in English, teachers’ lack of linguistic competence in LoLT to supplement the difficult textbooks. The result was that this led to resorting to code-switching that deprived learners of practice in the language to attain effective learning and good performance in examinations.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Education, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Education / This study explored the attitudes of teachers in three types of South African schools (Mainstream, Full-service, and Special school) towards inclusive education in relation to the support that they are receiving in the implementation of inclusive education in their respective schools. Participants in this study were selected purposively from mainstream, full-service, and special schools within the Johannesburg South district. Data in the research was collected through individual teacher interviews. Data obtained was interpreted using qualitative methods. Participants were coded (in relation to the type of school they are from) in order to ensure anonymity in the results. Data was analysed using Thematic Content Analysis. Thematic Content Analysis allowed the researcher to descriptively identify, analysis, and report themes. It involved the identifying of common themes throughout the text which describe significant aspects of the data in relation to the research question. The computer programme ATLAS was used in order to assist with the Thematic Analysis. Following the analysis of data it was found that the attitudes of mainstream and full-service teachers towards inclusive education are mostly negative in comparison to that of teachers in special schools as result to the discrepancies in the level of support each teacher receives to implement inclusive education (depending on the type of school they are in). The former has implication in terms of how effectively inclusive education is implemented in all schools in South Africa because in accordance to this study's findings support for teachers should not be based on only the type of school teachers are in but also the type of support teachers need individually. Also it was found that the ideals of inclusive education are not fully accepted by all stakeholders (more specifically the different units within the district) within the education department and this has influenced how teachers view the relevance of inclusive education policies. Considering the finding of the study, an exploration of how all stakeholders in the education system view and practice the policy of inclusive education is seemingly required in future research to better understand the state in which inclusive education is currently progressing in South Africa. Furthermore due to teachers being a major stakeholder in the implementation of inclusive education, it is important that continuous exploration on their attitudes and that which may influence their attitude towards inclusive education is done. Consequently, issues such as discrepancies in support towards teachers due to differences in types of school need to be further investigated. / Andrew Chakane 2020