Reflective practice, though ill-defined, has become an accepted educational concept within many health care disciplines particularly in nursing. Subsequently it has become benchmarked within Paramedic Sciences as a professional requirement for continuing education and clinical practice. However, despite the vast literature in nursing and the increasing growth of reflective practice in paramedic curricula it is unclear how it influences the students’ learning in preparation for graduate practice as future reflective practitioners. This research explored ‘to what extent does reflective practice in the paramedic curriculum influence the students’ academic and clinical learning leading to graduate practice’? A mixed methods approach with cohort samples of undergraduate health care students comprised four studies including surveys and non-participant observations of clinical simulation that were conducted in a university learning environment. The results showed overall that Paramedic students believed that they understood reflective practice and perceived it to be useful for their academic studies and clinical practice; although this is probably influenced more by formal teaching rather than the result of their own views. Students were able to describe reflective practice in ideal theoretical terms and were positive towards it regardless of their individual learning styles. However, in a clinical context, they applied it differently with significant emphasis on technical reflection. Evidence of the nature of reflective practice as it occurred during and after clinical simulation scenarios highlights a need for revised approaches to existing learning/teaching strategies with paramedic students. An extended understanding and refinement of reflective practice concepts including a new pedagogic framework to promote enhanced reflectivity are proposed. This theoretical framework is designed to accommodate reflective learning for both personal and collaborative learning related to curriculum outcomes. The use of clinical simulation for the development of reflective practice in the paramedic curriculum is supported with recommendations for further studies in academic and clinical settings.

Fansub consiste à traduire et à sous-titrer les produits médiatiques étrangers tels que des films, des feuilletons ou des animes par des internautes bénévoles. Ce phénomène est aujourd’hui très répandu en Chine. Les amateurs s’organisent en groupes de fansub pour accomplir ce travail en collaboration. Les groupes de fansub se caractérisent par la virtualisation du lieu de travail, l’hétérogénéité des membres, la liberté de participation, la collaboration et la non-commercialité. Leur processus de travail et organisation est aussi particulier. Dans ce mémoire, je me suis intéressée à l’apprentissage des fansubbers, un aspect peu étudié dans la littérature sur le fansub. Le fansub a été abordé sous l’angle d’une communauté de pratiques pour comprendre comment les fansubbers acquièrent de nouvelles connaissances et améliorent leur compétence linguistique en sous-titrant les films de langue étrangère. L’étude est basée sur l’observation participative dans un groupe de fansub chinois-français, Fansub Yueyue. J’ai fait de l’observation participante auprès de ce groupe de fansub pour recueillir des traces du travail et des interactions entre les membres. Dix fansubbers du groupe ont aussi été interrogés. Les analyses ont indiqué que le groupe de fansub démontre les trois caractéristiques essentielles d’une communauté de pratique : l’entreprise commune, l’engagement mutuel et un répertoire partagé. Cet ensemble favorise l’existence du groupe ainsi que l’apprentissage des membres. Aussi, par l’analyse des erreurs fréquentes des fansubbers et leur autoévaluation, nous concluons que les pratiques de fansub aident les membres à améliorer leur compétence linguistique. L’apprentissage a lieu pendant le processus de travail de sous-titrage ainsi qu’à travers les interactions entre les membres ou avec des personnes hors de ce groupe. / Fansubbing consists of translating and subtitling foreign mass media productions by netizens interested in these films, television programs or cartoons. This phenomenon is growing rapidly in Chinese cyberspace with the proliferation of the Internet and the increasing number of foreign language learners. Fansub groups are organized by passionate amateurs willing to accomplish this work together. Characterized by a virtual workplace, heterogeneity of members, voluntary participation, and the non-commercial nature of their production, fansub groups have attracted the attention of academic researchers. Previous studies have considered the cultural aspects of fansub, problems of legitimacy as well as the question of audiovisual translation quality. However, this study considers fansub groups as communities of practice in which learning occurs. Specifically, we examine how one group’s members acquire new knowledge and improve their language abilities through the practice of subtitling. The study is based on participant observation in a Chinese-French fansub group named Yueyue Fansub. We collected and analyzed information and documents created during the work process. We also conducted interviews with ten fansub group members to deepen our empirical understanding. Our analysis shows that the fansub group has all three of the characteristics deemed essential in a community of practice: joint enterprise, mutual engagement and shared repertoire, and that this combination supports the group as well as members’ learning. In addition, analysis of common mistakes made by fansubbers combined with their self-evaluations indicate that fansub practices help improve language ability. Learning takes place during the subtitling work as well as in and through interactions among group members or with people outside the group.

nÃo hà / Para se facilitar a aprendizagem cientÃfica, à preciso investigar a concepÃÃo de estratÃgias didÃticas alternativas, procurando-se estabelecer vinculaÃÃes entre o uso pedagÃgico do computador e o laboratÃrio de prÃticas cientÃficas, como ferramentas de apoio pedagÃgico ao desenvolvimento do processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A presente pesquisa focou a concepÃÃo de estratÃgias de ensino e aprendizagem, atravÃs da realizaÃÃo de sessÃes didÃticas, de quÃmica, articulando-se pedagogicamente os laboratÃrios de experimentaÃÃo cientÃfica e de informÃtica, para facilitar, junto aos alunos, a aprendizagem significativa de conhecimentos de quÃmica orgÃnica, especificamente a funÃÃo hidrocarbonetos. Aportou-se na teoria de aprendizagem significativa de Ausubel, nos mapas conceituais de Novak e na proposta construcionista de Valente. Realizou-se o uso do software educativo Jmol, enaltecendo-se a construÃÃo colaborativa de conhecimentos, competÃncias e habilidades. Tais aÃÃes foram realizadas com a participaÃÃo de onze alunos, do 3 ano do ensino mÃdio de uma escola pÃblica do municÃpio de Beberibe, concebidas em quatro etapas: preliminar, teÃricoexperimental, prÃtico-virtual e colaborativa. A abordagem metodolÃgica da pesquisa foi do tipo qualitativa e se caracterizou como pesquisa exploratÃria. Os dados obtidos por meio dos questionÃrios, e as observaÃÃes do professor-pesquisador permitiram analisar e concluir haver indÃcios de desenvolvimento da capacidade criativa, colaborativa, que os alunos se motivaram para desenvolver novas habilidades e construir novos conhecimentos, atravÃs da realizaÃÃo pedagÃgica da prÃtica de experimentaÃÃo de quÃmica orgÃnica e utilizaÃÃo do software Jmol. O experimento da produÃÃo de etino na etapa teÃrico-experimental foi uma maneira de trabalhar de forma mais clara, dinÃmica e colaborativa a ressignificaÃÃo e construÃÃo de conhecimentos. O uso pedagÃgico e colaborativo do software Jmol na etapa prÃtico-virtual e de mapa conceitual na etapa colaborativa, possibilitaram aos alunos desenvolver uma compreensÃo mais facilitadora do conceito, escrita, representaÃÃo e visualizaÃÃo em trÃs dimensÃes de compostos da funÃÃo hidrocarbonetos. / To facilitate the science learning, you need to investigate the design of didactic strategies alternatives, and seeking to establish linkages between the pedagogical use of the computer and the laboratory of scientific practices, such as tools of pedagogical support for the development of the teaching-learning process. The present research focused on the design of strategies for teaching and learning, through the completion of didactic sessions, of chemistry, articulating it is pedagogically the laboratories of scientific experimentation and computer, to facilitate, together with the students, the significant learning of the knowledge of organic chemistry, specifically the light hydrocarbons. Disembarked on the theory that meaningful learning of Ausubel, the conceptual map of Novak and the proposal of constructionist Valente. There was the use of educational software Jmol, praising the collaborative construction of knowledge, skills and abilities. Such actions were carried out with the participation of 11 students, of the 3rd year of secondary education in a public school in the municipality of Beberibe, designed in four stages: preliminary, theoretical and experimental, practical-virtual and collaborative. The methodological approach of the research was qualitative and is characterized as exploratory research. The data obtained by the use of questionnaires, and observations of the teacher-researcher allowed to analyze and conclude there is evidence of the development of creative ability, collaborative, which the students are motivated to develop new skills and build new knowledge through the realization of pedagogical practice of experimentation of organic chemistry and use of software Jmol. The experiment of the production of ethno in step theoretical-experimental was a way of working in a more clear, dynamic and collaborative signification and construction of knowledge. The use of pedagogical and collaborative software Jmol in the stage-practical virtual and conceptual map in the stage collaborative enabled students to develop an understanding more facilitator of the concept, writing, representation and visualization in three dimensions of compounds of light hydrocarbons.

How I am becoming a teacher? Searching for professional identity Is the development of a professional identity in students in the teacher training program at the PedF UK based on similar foundation as the professional identity of the students at the Detroit Teacher Program? How much is this professional identity influenced by the city and social situation in which those students are living and studying? Is the discourse that is used by both sides similar or different? A comparison of related narratives, concepts and metaphors will be done. What is the role attributed to art disciplines in the teacher training curriculum in both countries? A case study will explore all of these issues, and will be based on an analysis and reflecting on of videos which were created as part of the project, "How I Am Becoming a Teacher", as well as curriculum documents and other related documents. Key words Art, photography, visusal story, professional identity, teacher training, reflective practice, city, school, university faculty, artography