This diploma thesis deals with the burnout of organic substances in the brick body using different types of lightener for different types of soils. The theoretical part summarizes the different ways of lightening and a descri-ption of burnable organic substances. The practical part contains the results of various experiments and individual graphs with the course of temperature increase during firing using various burnable substances.

Lightweight refractory products are materials used for the construction of certain parts of industrial furnaces, especially for iron, but also in other sectors where is operated with high temperatures. There are special requests on refractories. The theoretical part contains an overview of used raw materials, production and properties of lightweight refractory products and description of not burnable lightener - chemical additives VUPPOR I and information about previously conducted trials dealing with these topics. The practical part is divided into four parts, which are evaluated by tests which were performed on a refractory clay with chemical additive Vuppor I (samples are lightened and not lightened) - it was primarily a test of sensitivity to drying, density, compressive strength, thermal insulating properties, etc.