Forskning visar att budskap uppfattas olika beroende på perifera egenskaper. Syftet var att undersöka om man uppfattar personer från olika yrkesgrupper olika kopplade till samma budskap. En enkät inleddes med ett citat från en tidningsartikel. Deltagarna (N = 84) bedömde personen bakom uttalandet i fråga om grad av främlingsfientlighet respektive omsorg; i hälften angavs att en åklagare uttalat sig, i andra hälften en familjepedagog. Resultatet visade att det fanns en tendens till huvudeffekt att åklagaren skattades som fientligare än familjepedagogen samt en tendens att de med annan etnicitet skattade budskapet mer fientligt än etniskt svenska. Studien stödjer delvis antagandet att yrkesgrupp har betydelse för hur budskap uppfattas.

Novel Turbo Equalization Methods for the Magnetic Recording Channel Elizabeth Chesnutt 95 Pages Directed by Dr. John R. Barry The topic of this dissertation is the derivation, development, and evaluation of novel turbo equalization techniques that address the colored noise problem on the magnetic recording channel. One new algorithm presented is the noise-predictive BCJR, which is a soft-output detection strategy that mitigates colored noise in partial-response equalized magnetic recording channels. This algorithm can be viewed as a combination of the traditional BCJR algorithm with the notion of survivors and noise prediction. Additionally, an alternative equalization architecture for magnetic recording is presented that addresses the shortcomings of the PRML approach, which dominates magnetic recording. Specifically, trellis-based equalizers are abandoned in favor of simple equalization strategies based on nonlinear filters whose complexity grows only linearly with their length. This research focuses on the linear-complexity SFE algorithm and on investigating the possibility of lowering the SFE filter calculation complexity. The results indicate that with using the proposed novel SFE method, it is possible to increase the information density on magnetic media without raising the complexity. The most important result presented is that partial-response equalization needs to be reconsidered because of the amount of noise enhancement problems that it adds to the overall system. These results are important for the magnetic recording industry, which is trying to attain a 1 Tb/cm2 information storage goal.

Under the mechanism of natural selection, creatures are forced to evolve naturally in order to survive. Keen-sighted jumping spiders have long been considered as the main predation pressure of terrestrial arthropod. Many species benefit from mimicking the appearance of jumping spider. In this study according to the experimental data from Wang (2009b), a data analysis is undertaken concerning male Ptocasius strupifer¡¦s behavior to different subject groups, namely, male Ptocasius strupifer, female Ptocasius strupifer, male Plexippus paykulli, female Plexippus paykulli, Cataclysta angulata and Eugauria albidentata, so as to investigate the jumping spider mimicry of Eugauria albidentata. In this work, our interest is to compare the behavior of male Ptocasius strupifer on Eugauria albidentata with there of the other five groups mentioned above, and identify which one is the most similar to there of Eugauria albidentata . We use different statistical methods, i.e. likelihood ratio test, factor analysis and cluster analysis to evaluate the closeness of the behavior between different groups. According to the analysis result, it shows that the behavior of Ptocasius strupifer towards Eugauria albidentata is more similar to those of both female Ptocasius strupifer and female Plexippus paykulli. Moreover there is a wide discrepancy between Eugauria albidentata and Cataclysta angulata, although both of them belong to Musotiminae.

The traditional mobile radio channel has always suffered from the detrimental effects of multipath fading. The use of multiple antennae at both ends of the wireless channel has proven to be very effective in combatting fading and enhancing the channel's spectral efficiency. To exploit the benefits offered by Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems, both the transmitter and the receiver have to be optimally designed. In this thesis, we are concerned with the problem of receiver design for MIMO systems in a spatial multiplexing scheme. The MIMO detection problem is an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. Solving this problem to optimality requires an exponential search over the space of all possible transmitted symbols in order to find the closest point in a Euclidean sense to the received symbols; a procedure that is infeasible for large systems. We introduce a new heuristic algorithm for the detection of a MIMO wireless system based on the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic. The new algorithm, AntMIMO, has a simple architecture and achieves near maximum likelihood performance in polynomial time.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 110-114).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-86).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-114).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2002. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 133-141).

Diagnostic testing is essential to distinguish non-diseased individuals from diseased individuals. The sensitivity and specificity are two important indices for the diagnostic accuracy of continuous-scale diagnostic tests. If we want to compare the effectiveness of two tests, it is of interest to construct a confidence interval for the difference of the two sensitivities at a fixed level of specificity. In this thesis, we propose two empirical likelihood based confidence intervals (HBELI and HBELII) for the difference of two sensitivities at a predetermined specificity level. Simulation studies show that when correlation between the two test results exists, HBELI and HBELII intervals perform better than the existing bootstrap based BCa, BTI and BTII intervals due to shorter interval lengths. However, when there is no correlation, BCa, BTI and BTII intervals outperform HBELI and HBELII intervals due to better coverage probability in most simulation settings.

This thesis is concerned with hypothesis testing in models where data exhibits time dependence. The focus is on two cases where the dependence of observations across time leads to non-standard hypothesis testing techniques. This thesis first considers models estimated by Generalized Method of Moments (GMM, Hansen (1982)) and the approach to inference. The main problem with standard tests are size distortions in the test statistics. An innovative resampling method, which we label Empirical Likelihood Block Bootstrapping, is proposed. The first-order asymptotic validity of the proposed procedure is proven, and a series of Monte Carlo experiments show it may improve test sizes over conventional block bootstrapping. Also staying in the context of GMM this thesis shows that the testcorrection given in Hall (2000) which improves power, can distort size with time dependent data. In this case it is of even greater importance to use a bootstrap that can have good size in finite samples. The empirical likelihood is applied to a multifactor model of U.S. bank risk estimated by GMM. The approach to inference is found to be important to the overall conclusion about bank risk. The results suggest U.S. bank stock returns are sensitive to movements in market and liquidity risk. In the context of panel data, this thesis is the first to my knowledge to consider the estimation of cost-functions as well as conduct inference taking into account the strong dependence of data across time. This thesis shows that standard approaches to estimating cost-functions for a set of Canadian banks lead to a downward bias in the estimated coefficients and therefore an upward bias in the measure of economies of scale. When non-stationary panel techniques are applied results suggest economies of scale of around 6 per cent in Canadian banking as well as cost-efficiency differences across banks that are correlated with size. / Thesis (Ph.D, Economics) -- Queen's University, 2007-09-24 17:25:22.212