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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Atuação da vontade: um novo modo de fazer ciência e arte no Ocidente / Act of will: a new way to make science and art in Western world

Araújo, Francisco Fabiano Andrade 29 April 2005 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:16:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Atuacao_Vontade.pdf: 730798 bytes, checksum: c5ee02c993e9bbd862bad89d4977cac9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-29 / In this work we have pointed out some of the aspects concerning the changes that occurred in way the western culture investigated Nature. These developments were particularly visible (observed) in the German world and were characterized by the changing position of the investigator when relating the object of his /her research as well as the spectator before a masterpiece. This movement concerning the investigator and the spectator started from the act of objectifying Nature to a situation where they interact with the object of investigation as well as the artistic work. Such change took place mainly in Germany starting in the last decade of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century. The pointed displacement could occur in that country because of its strong romantic tradition with its typical subjectivity. The strong subjectivism of German culture was responsible for the appearance of German Idealism, philosophical system that took place in the beginning of the 19th century. Johann Fichte stood out as one of its initiators. He and others thinkers connected to that philosophical tendency provided the theoretical framework to Romanticism found Romanticism theoretically, since idealism subjectifies reality . Generations of students that belong to the world of German culture during the 19th century have concluded their studies in that environment where Romanticism and subjectivism had a widespread influence. So it was be difficult for them to be out of that context. Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg and others who have formulated quantum mechanics as well Ernst Kirchner, one of the expressionism exponents, are certainly included among those pointed scholars and, therefore, their works reflected the culture in which they were plunged in / Nesta dissertação abordamos alguns aspectos das mudanças ocorridas na maneira como a natureza era investigada no Ocidente. Essas transformações foram particularmente visíveis no mundo germânico e, se caracterizaram, pelo deslocamento da posição do investigador em relação ao objeto de pesquisa e do espectador diante da obra de arte. Este movimento do pesquisador e do espectador partiu da objetivação da natureza, para uma situação em que os mesmos interagem com o objeto de investigação e, também, com o trabalho artístico. Tal mudança ocorreu, com destaque, na Alemanha, na passagem do século XIX para século XX. O deslocamento apontado pôde ocorrer naquele país, porque nele havia uma forte tradição romântica com sua característica subjetividade. A forte presença do subjetivismo na cultura alemã deu espaço para o surgimento do Idealismo Alemão, sistema filosófico que aparece no início do século XIX, destacando-se Johann Fichte como um dos seus iniciadores. Este e outros pensadores ligados àquela corrente filosófica fundamentarão teoricamente o Romantismo, uma vez que, o idealismo subjetiva a realidade . Gerações de estudantes pertencentes ao mundo da cultura germânica, durante o século XIX e início do século XX, se formaram nesse ambiente, onde o Romantismo e o subjetivismo tinham forte presença e, portanto, seria difícil para eles não participarem desse contexto cultural. Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg e outros formuladores da mecânica quântica, assim como Ernst Kirchner, um dos teóricos do expressionismo, certamente estão incluídos entre aqueles estudiosos apontados acima e, portanto, seus trabalhos refletiram a cultura onde estavam imersos

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