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Proposta de interven??o pedag?gica para estudo e uso dos pronomes relativos e das senten?as relativas/adjetivas no ensino fundamental / Proposal of pedagogical intervention for study and use of relative pronouns and relative / adjective sentences in elementary educationCunha, Viviane Mendes 20 August 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / This work aims to present a proposal for a pedagogical intervention for the study and use of relative pronouns and relative sentences - traditionally considered adjective subordinate clauses. This proposal was drafted from a diagnosis made in 2014 in an elementary public school in the municipality of Itagua? / RJ, with three segments: teacher, student and textbook. Compared to the first segment, we relied on responses from a questionnaire applied to the school teachers, to get to know their beliefs and attitudes regarding the use and study of this linguistic phenomenon; with the students, all of them ninth graders, we proceeded to the analysis of essays produced by them in 2014 to verify the actual use made of these pronouns and clauses; regarding the textbook of Portuguese, adopted by the school unit, we examined the methodological basis underlying the didactic proposal offered by this feature with regard to pronouns and mentioned sentences. The results obtained from the diagnosis showed that teachers recognize that among the sentences prescribed by the standard norm, students use frequently in speech and writing, the structures that do not require preposition, such as "The book which I bought is torn" and "I know the guy who appeared in the newspaper," but they do not know, and therefore do not use constructs such as "That's the teacher whom I like best", in whose place they produce sentences like "This is the teacher I like best" and "This is the teacher that I like better him", which diverge from this idealized standard. The essays used for the diagnosis confirm this teachers? intuition, not occurring, in these texts, just the kind of relative of the last example. The analysis of textbooks has shown that this teaching resource hardly explores the actual use of such syntactic structures, focusing on normative precept. As for pedagogical intervention itself, we relied on the model of Bortoni-Ricardo continuous (2004 e 2005), with emphasis on continuous monitoring stylistic, situated in the perspective of the language in use (Mollica and Roncarati, 2014; Oliveira and Coelho, 2003; Melo, Cyranka and Silva, 2010; Martins and Moura, 2014; Bortoni-Ricardo, 2005), and in the didactic proposal for collaborative learning of Moran, Masetto and Behrens (2013). / Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma proposta de interven??o pedag?gica para o estudo e uso dos pronomes relativos e das senten?as relativas ? consideradas tradicionalmente ora??es subordinadas adjetivas. Tal proposta foi elaborada a partir de um diagn?stico realizado no ano de 2014, em uma escola p?blica de ensino fundamental do munic?pio de Itagua? / RJ, com tr?s segmentos: professor, aluno e livro did?tico. Em rela??o ao primeiro segmento, baseamo-nos nas respostas de um question?rio, aplicado aos docentes da referida escola, para conhecer as cren?as e atitudes deles quanto ao uso e estudo desse fen?meno lingu?stico; com os discentes, todos do nono ano, procedemos ? an?lise de reda??es produzidas por eles em 2014, para verificar o real uso que fazem desses pronomes e dessas ora??es; no tocante ao livro did?tico de L?ngua Portuguesa, adotado pela unidade escolar, examinamos a fundamenta??o metodol?gica que subjaz ? proposta did?tica oferecida por esse recurso no que se refere aos pronomes e senten?as mencionados. Os resultados obtidos a partir do diagn?stico mostraram que os professores reconhecem que, entre as senten?as prescritas pela norma padr?o, os alunos usam com frequ?ncia, na fala e na escrita, as estruturas que n?o exigem preposi??o, como ?O livro que comprei est? rasgado? e ?Conhe?o o rapaz que apareceu no jornal?, mas n?o conhecem, e, por isso, n?o utilizam constru??es como ?Esse ? o professor de que / do qual mais gosto?, no lugar da qual produzem per?odos do tipo ?Esse ? o professor que mais gosto? e ?Esse ? o professor que mais gosto dele?, que destoam dessa norma idealizada. As reda??es usadas para o diagn?stico confirmam essa intui??o dos professores, n?o ocorrendo, nesses textos, apenas o tipo de relativa do ?ltimo exemplo. A an?lise do livro did?tico mostrou que esse recurso did?tico pouco explora o uso real de tais estruturas sint?ticas, privilegiando a prescri??o normativa. Quanto ? interven??o pedag?gica propriamente dita, apoiamo-nos no modelo dos cont?nuos de Bortoni-Ricardo (2004 e 2005), com ?nfase no cont?nuo de monitora??o estil?stica, situado na perspectiva da linguagem em uso (Mollica e Roncarati, 2014; Oliveira e Coelho, 2003; Melo, Cyranka e Silva, 2010; Martins e Moura, 2014; Bortoni-Ricardo, 2005), e na proposta did?tica de aprendizagem colaborativa de Moran, Masetto e Behrens (2013).
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