Conferencia realizada en el marco de la Semana del Acceso Abierto Perú, llevada a cabo del 24 al 26 de Octubre de 2016 en Lima, Peru. Las instituciones organizadoras: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias aplciadasd (UPC), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP) y Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH). / Conferencia que aborda aspectos del protocolo Linked Data, temas de Big Data y Web Semantica,

In the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes (OLs) generate myelin to facilitate the rapid propagation of neuronal impulses. In multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic demyelination leads to irreversible neurodegeneration that eventually impairs physical and cognitive function. Much effort is directed at elucidating the mechanisms underlying OL development in hope to unveil therapeutic targets for promoting remyelination in MS. Many aspects of OL biology are regulated by the integrins, a large family of transmembrane extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors. ECM components such as laminin and fibronectin bind to OL integrin receptors and initiate downstream signaling cascades involved in survival, proliferation, differentiation/myelination and migration. Integrin-linked kinase (ILK), an adaptor protein that binds to integrin cytosolic tails, works to stabilize the ECM-integrin connection by indirectly targeting the actin cytoskeleton to ECM adhesion sites. We hypothesized that ILK played an important role in OL migration, differentiation and capacity to myelinate neuronal projections. To address this hypothesis, we developed three cell culture techniques to assess these cellular phenomena in vitro. Conditional knockout of Ilk compromised both the morphological and molecular differentiation of primary mouse OLs in vitro, and reduced their capacity to produce myelin-like membrane. ILK was required for proper OL ensheathment of neuronal extensions when co-cultured with primary neurons. Conditional ablation of Ilk in vivo produced a transient amyelination defect that was endogenously compensated for at later time points. Loss of ILK in primary OLs was associated with upregulated RhoA signaling, and pharmacological inhibition of the RhoA axis restored the morphology of a distinct subset of NG2+ OPCs. ILK depletion in OL precursor cells (OPCs) resulted in a substrate-dependent defect in migration velocity and migration initiation. Inhibition of the RhoA signaling pathway enhanced the migratory velocity of wild-type OPCs, an effect that was dependent on ILK expression. In sum, we established three primary mouse OL cell culture techniques, with which we defined roles for ILK in OL biology. Our work highlights the importance of integrin signaling in OLs and provides new experimental methods useful in MS research.

Within the project Maps without Barriers realized under Charta 77 Foundation - Barriers Account, in 2015 we intend to map accessibility of buildings and its premises from the perspective of people with limited mobility. We plan to inspect nearly 600 castles, palaces and other tourist attractions in the Czech Republic. The acquired data will be gathered and published as an on-line map in form of open and machine-readable data. It will also appear as Linked Open Data. However, the project will not end with mapping premises, the main objective is to provide a solid foundation for a unified database of accessibility of buildings and its premises. Negotiations with institutions and organizations interested in mapping are in progress and we try to offer them our project platform for publication of their data. The required RDFS vocabulary will be designed and carried out as part of this diploma thesis. It will be tested on the data from a number of forms describing existing objects. The data will be gathered by means of services designed in terms of this theses and provided for purchasers and users equally.

Two hybridoma clones, labelled 4D10 C1 and 2H4 H12, produced monoclonal antibodies which recognized the outer membrane of an enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) 0142:K86:H6 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the whole cell in an immunofluorescence assay. Large scale production of the monoclonal antibodies was accomplished through ascites production in balb/c mice. Purification of the ascites fluid was achieved by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Isotyping of the purified fractions showed 4D10 C1 to be an IgG2 and 2H4 H12 an IgM. These monoclonal antibodies were screened by immunofluorescence assay against several pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains of E.coli in addition to other Enterobacteriaciae. Results of the screening showed these antibodies to be specific for the E.coli serotype to which they were raised. Minimal cross-reactivity with other Enterobacteriaceae was observed. In a separate and concurrent project, the use of an ELISA capable of detecting ß-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGase) was examined. White Leghorn hens were injected with commercially prepared bovine NAGase. Eggs were collected and the immunoglobulin fraction separated from the egg yolk by polyethylene glycol precipitation followed by ion exchange on a DEAE-Sephacel column. The use of the purified immunoglobulins was examined in a sandwich, double-sandwich and a competitive ELISA. A statistically significant standard curve for the detection of NAGase was successfully derived using a double-sandwich ELISA when rabbit immunoglobulin was used to coat the microwell plates. This assay was used to measure the NAGase concentration in press juice and fish extract of fresh and frozen salmon muscle samples. The ratio of the NAGase concentration in the press juice to the total NAGase concentration was compared. No significant difference was found between the calculated concentration ratios of the fresh muscle samples and samples frozen for 1 week at -20°C. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

Le Center for Data Science de l’Université Paris-Saclay a déployé une plateforme compatible avec le Linked Data en 2016. Or, les chercheurs rencontrent face à ces technologies de nombreuses difficultés. Pour surmonter celles-ci, une approche et une plateforme appelée LinkedWiki, ont été conçues et expérimentées au-dessus du cloud de l’université (IAAS) pour permettre la création d’environnements virtuels de recherche (VRE) modulaires et compatibles avec le Linked Data. Nous avons ainsi pu proposer aux chercheurs une solution pour découvrir, produire et réutiliser les données de la recherche disponibles au sein du Linked Open Data, c’est-à-dire du système global d’information en train d’émerger à l’échelle du Web. Cette expérience nous a permis de montrer que l’utilisation opérationnelle du Linked Data au sein d’une université est parfaitement envisageable avec cette approche. Cependant, certains problèmes persistent, comme (i) le respect des protocoles du Linked Data et (ii) le manque d’outils adaptés pour interroger le Linked Open Data avec SPARQL. Nous proposons des solutions à ces deux problèmes. Afin de pouvoir vérifier le respect d’un protocole SPARQL au sein du Linked Data d’une université, nous avons créé l’indicateur SPARQL Score qui évalue la conformité des services SPARQL avant leur déploiement dans le système d’information de l’université. De plus, pour aider les chercheurs à interroger le LOD, nous avons implémenté le démonstrateur SPARQLets-Finder qui démontre qu’il est possible de faciliter la conception de requêtes SPARQL à l’aide d’outils d’autocomplétion sans connaissance préalable des schémas RDF au sein du LOD. / The Center for Data Science of the University of Paris-Saclay deployed a platform compatible with Linked Data in 2016. Because researchers face many difficulties utilizing these technologies, an approach and then a platform we call LinkedWiki were designed and tested over the university’s cloud (IAAS) to enable the creation of modular virtual search environments (VREs) compatible with Linked Data. We are thus able to offer researchers a means to discover, produce and reuse the research data available within the Linked Open Data, i.e., the global information system emerging at the scale of the internet. This experience enabled us to demonstrate that the operational use of Linked Data within a university is perfectly possible with this approach. However, some problems persist, such as (i) the respect of protocols and (ii) the lack of adapted tools to interrogate the Linked Open Data with SPARQL. We propose solutions to both these problems. In order to be able to verify the respect of a SPARQL protocol within the Linked Data of a university, we have created the SPARQL Score indicator which evaluates the compliance of the SPARQL services before their deployments in a university’s information system. In addition, to help researchers interrogate the LOD, we implemented a SPARQLets-Finder, a demonstrator which shows that it is possible to facilitate the design of SPARQL queries using autocompletion tools without prior knowledge of the RDF schemas within the LOD.

Gas transport properties of PIM-1 (the first ladder polymer with intrinsic microporosity) and TC-PIM-1 (thermally cross-linked PIM-1) at 35°C and different pressures were thoroughly studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of the TC-PIM-1 membranes with PIM-1 for natural gas separation. The TC-PIM-1 polymer was prepared by post-modification of PIM-1 at 300°C for a period of two days. Sorption isotherms of seven gases, including N2, O2, CH4, CO2, C2H6, C3H8 and n-C4H10, were determined for PIM-1 and TC-PIM-1 using the dual-volume barometric sorption technique at 35°C at different pressures. The sorption isotherms followed the dual-mode sorption model, which is typical for glassy polymers. Moreover, permeability (P) of eight gases, including He, H2, N2, O2, CH4, CO2, C3H8 and n-C4H10, were determined for PIM-1 and TC-PIM-1 at 35°C and 2.0 atm. Furthermore, average diffusion coefficients (D ̅) were calculated from the permeability and solubility data for all tested gases for both polymers. The sorption (S), permeability (P) and average diffusion coefficients (D ̅) for the TC-PIM-1 membrane exhibited lower values than the PIM-1 membrane. However, the TC-PIM-1 membrane showed exceptional gas separation performance. The TC-PIM-1 membrane had a helium (He) permeability of 1218 barrer with He/CH4 and He/N2 ideal selectivities of 27.1 and 23.9 respectively, and carbon dioxide (CO2) permeability of 1088 barrer with CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 ideal selectivities of 24.2 and 21.3 respectively. Additionally, the TC-PIM-1 membrane showed a hydrogen (H2) permeability of 2452 barrer with an ideal H2/CH4 selectivity of 54.5.

Sharing information securely between business partners and managing large supply chains effciently will be a crucial competitive advantage for enterprises in the near future. In this paper, we present a concept that allows for building value networks between business partners in a distributed manner. Companies are able to publish Linked Data which participants of the network can clone and subscribe to. Subscribers get noticed as soon as new information becomes available. This provides a technical infrastructure for business communication acts such as supply chain communication or master data management. In addition to the conceptual analysis, we provide an implementation enabling companies to create such dynamic semantic value networks.

Little-known lexicographic resources can be of tremendous value to users once digitised. By extending the digitisation efforts for a lexicographic resource, converting the human readable digital object to a state that is also machine-readable, structured data can be created that is semantically interoperable, thereby enabling the lexicographic resource to access, and be accessed by, other semantically interoperable resources. The purpose of this study is to formulate a process when converting a lexicographic resource in print form to a machine-readable bilingual lexicographic resource applying linguistic linked data principles, using the English-Xhosa Dictionary for Nurses as a case study. This is accomplished by creating a linked data framework, in which data are expressed in the form of RDF triples and URIs, in a manner which allows for extensibility to a multilingual resource. Click languages with characters not typically represented by the Roman alphabet are also considered. The purpose of this linked data framework is to define each lexical entry as “historically dynamic”, instead of “ontologically static” (Rafferty, 2016:5). For a framework which has instances in constant evolution, focus is thus given to the management of provenance and linked data generation thereof. The output is an implementation framework which provides methodological guidelines for similar language resources in the interdisciplinary field of Library and Information Science.

X-Linked Sinus Node Dysfunction and Atrial Fibrillation. Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a heritable disorder with male predilection, suggesting a sex chromosome defect in certain patients. Loss-of-function truncation mutations in EMD, encoding the nuclear membrane protein emerin, cause X-linked Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) characterized by localized contractures and skeletal myopathy in adolescence, sinus node dysfunction (SND) in early adulthood, and atrial fibrillation as a variably associated trait. This study sought to identify the genetic basis for male-restricted, nonsyndromic sinus node dysfunction and AF in a multigenerational family. Methods and Results: Genealogical and medical records, and DNA samples, were obtained. Progressive SND and AF occurred in four males related through maternal lineages, consistent with X-linked inheritance. Skeletal myopathy was absent, even at advanced ages. Targeted X chromosome genotyping mapped the disease locus to Xq28, implicating EMD as a positional candidate gene. DNA sequencing revealed hemizygosity for an in-frame 3-bp deletion in EMD (Lys37del) in affected males, disrupting a residue within the LEM binding domain critical for nuclear assembly but leaving the remainder of the protein intact. Buccal epithelial cell staining with emerin antibody demonstrated near-total functional loss of emerin. Female relatives underwent prospective electrocardiographic and genetic testing. Those heterozygous for Lys37del had ∼50-70% emerin-positive nuclei and variable degrees of paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmia. Conclusions: Mutation of EMD can underlie X-linked familial AF. Lys37del is associated with epithelial cell emerin deficiency, as in EDMD, yet it causes electrical atriomyopathy in the absence of skeletal muscle disease. Targeted genetic testing of EMD should be considered in patients with SND-associated AF and/or family history suggesting X-linked inheritance.

Five strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and four strains of Lactobacillus species isolated from fresh meat were examined for the presence of plasmid DNA. All strains examined contained between one and five plasmids ranging in molecular mass from 1.3 to 51.6 (Mdal). Plasmid-curing experiments suggest that maltose utilization is associated with a 51 Mdal plasmid in Lactobacillus sp. DB29 and 42 Mdal plasmids in Lactobacillus spp. DB27, DB28, DB31. Southern blot DNA-DNA hybridization showed homology between the maltose plasmid from Lactobacillus sp. DB29 and several plasmids from the other Lactobacillus spp.