This work is focused on the matter od the Czech contemporary literature in the context of the secondary school. The Czech contemporary literature and its position in the secodary education is examined in the view of academic literature, textbooks, pedagogical documents and other accessible materials. The position of the Czech contemporary literature is explored by surveys (among teachers and former secondary school students). This work is also focused on the probleme of the definicion of the term "contemporary" literature and characterizes this term taking into consideration all examined materials. This work's aim is to describe the current situation of the contemporary literature at the secondary schools, to define specific problems connected to this theme and to suggest strategies which could help making more advantage of the Czech contemporary literature. This work explains and describes these advanteges. The end of the work offers concrete materials which could be used in the Czech lessons.

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Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-27T12:27:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Pereira dos Santos.pdf: 490426 bytes, checksum: b1cc33abadecf499c09105e191cefaf6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-27T12:27:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruno Pereira dos Santos.pdf: 490426 bytes, checksum: b1cc33abadecf499c09105e191cefaf6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The present research develops a reflection upon the formation of the literary reader, it aims at establishing a set of methodological propositions regarding the teaching of poetry to middle school students in a public-school environment. The book Antologia poética de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, organized in 1962 by the author himself, constitutes the corpus of the research. This book, from which we selected five poems, was distributed to every public school in the state of São Paulo back in 2010. The selected poems were: “Poema de Sete Faces”, “Cidadezinha Qualquer”, “Retrato de família”, “Quadrilha” and “No meio do caminho”. The selection criteria considered the reading experiment I had previously conducted with 9th grade students from a public school in the city of Sorocaba, where I work as a teacher. The experiment brought up the research problem: the idea of establishing new strategies to teach poetry to middle school students, aiming at improving their competencies as literary readers, in a context so adverse that privileges the teaching practices of the Portuguese language, reducing the literary text to a speech genre, amongst many others. The hypothesis we propose is that methodological strategies of literary reading based on the concept of performance – as discussed by the medievalist, writer and researcher of the voice, Paul Zumthor (1915-1995), that is, a present act that strongly engages the voice, the body and the other senses of the student-reader, – could lead to effective results as to perceive the poem as a scene in which the student-reader is an active interpreter, and whose subjectivity will interact with the alterity of the poem, awakening perceptive channels, in the learning process. The hypothesis analysis required two steps: firstly, through critical reading mediation, we selected in each poetic text – multisensory calligraphic body that connects word-sound-image-meaning – the vocal potentialities that make it art, that is, the vivid performance of the interpreter’s voice and body happening here and now, in the context of the classroom. Advancing into step two, we established three core methodological propositions – the vocalization, the reading-writing of the poem interpretation, and the fictional alterity interpretation. Proposing strategies to improve the literary reader competencies is the contribution of this research to the teaching of literature in the middle school environment / Esta pesquisa desenvolve uma reflexão sobre a formação do leitor literário, com o objetivo de elaborar um conjunto de proposições metodológicas para o ensino da poesia no contexto do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública. O corpus é a Antologia poética de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, organizada pelo próprio autor em 1962. O livro foi distribuído em toda a Rede Pública de Ensino do Estado de São Paulo, em 2010, e dele selecionamos cinco poemas: “Poema de Sete Faces”, “Cidadezinha Qualquer”, “Retrato de família”, “Quadrilha” e “No meio do caminho”. O critério de seleção considerou o experimento de leitura que realizei, anteriormente, com alunos do 9º ano de uma escola pública de Sorocaba, na qual sou docente. Desse experimento, surgiu a problemática desta pesquisa: a de elaborar novas estratégias de ensino de poesia, no ensino fundamental, que levem à formação do leitor literário num contexto adverso, que privilegia as práticas de ensino da língua portuguesa, reduzindo a literatura a um gênero de discurso dentre tantos outros. A hipótese que projetamos é a de que estratégias metodológicas de leitura literária sob a ótica da performance – segundo a concepção do medievalista, escritor e pesquisador da voz, Paul Zumthor (1915-1995) –, isto é, um ato presencial de forte empenho da voz, do corpo e de todos os sentidos do aluno-leitor, poderiam levar a resultados eficazes para a percepção do poema. Como em uma cena, o aluno-leitor é um intérprete ativo, cuja subjetividade interage com a alteridade do poema, e, nesse processo de aprendizagem, desperta canais perceptivos adormecidos. A análise da hipótese nos conduziu a duas etapas: na primeira, por meio de nossa mediação de leitura crítica, retiramos de cada texto poético – corpo caligráfico multissensorial entre palavra-som-imagem-sentido – as potencialidades vocais, que farão dele obra, isto é, performance viva no aqui e agora da voz e do corpo do intérprete, no contexto da sala de aula. A partir daí, estabelecemos três núcleos de proposições metodológicas: o de vocalização, o de ler-escrever a leitura e o de interpretar a alteridade ficcional. Este lance propositivo de estratégias para a formação do leitor literário é a contribuição desta dissertação para o ensino da literatura no ensino fundamental

RESUMÉ The essence of this thesis is to compare selected reading books or workbooks in terms of the accompanying questions and issues. The work is theoretically based on the characteristics of the pubescent reader and also Bloom's taxonomy, classification and results in international tests like PISA etc. The thesis is also examining the readers' literacy. Its definition is changing in time. Literacy is not only focusing on the knowledge, but also plays an important role in integrating into society. It is a complex of several dimensions (relationship to reading, literal understanding, deduction, metacognition, sharing and application). Each of the components is indispensable. Five reading books of the 9th year of elementary school from different publishers (SPN, New School, Fraus, Alter) were analyzed. Two reading books are published by SPN, but each represents a different approach (the older one is based on the school curriculum, newer relates to teaching according to the RVP ZV). It was not a representative analysis of the whole supply of current reading books, but only a selected sample. Analysis of particular reading books is devoted to the general characteristics and context (author, declared associations with RVP ZV, illustrations, general structure of reading book, etc). In addition the reading books...

An abundance of research has been conducted about the importance of including books and literature as part of a young child's developmental process. Much of this research suggests that picture books are vital to a young child's healthy development and "are important influences that shape us by reflecting the politics and values of our society" (Fox, 1993, p. 656). This study was completed to analyze character roles and gender representation of male and female characters exclusively in children's picture books. The entire population of Caldecott Award and Honor Medal books published between 2001 and 2011 was utilized for a frequency analysis. Each Caldecott Award and Honor Medal book meeting this study's criteria was examined, read and analyzed. Books included only works of fiction and were delimited to exclude biographies, autobiographies, informational books, concept books and poetry. A total of 24 books were used in the data analysis. This research attempted to answer the following question: Are males and females equitably represented in recently published children's literature? From a content-analysis approach, within a historical perspective, this research aimed at examining if gender bias still dominates the literature, and if so, to what extent. The intellectual interest of this project is in discovering male and female presence and imagery in children's picture books.