Efter finanskrisen 2007–2008 blev jordbruksmark attraktiv som en investeringsmöjlighet, vilket innebar att många utländska företag, stater eller privata investerare förvärvade storskaliga områden av odlingsbar mark. Detta fenomen, som kallas för land grabbing, är särskilt förekommande i utvecklingsländer och det globala syd. Trots påståenden om att sådana investeringar kan bidra till utveckling och möjligheter i fattiga länder, visar forskning att det i själva verket har motsatt effekt. Syftet med detta arbete är att genomföra en litteraturstudie för att undersöka konsekvenser av land grabbing i Etiopien. En kvalitativ forskningsstrategi som består av litteraturstudie har använts. Med hjälp av aspekter inom teorier om försörjning såsom naturkapital, fysiskt kapital, mänskligt kapital, finansiellt kapital och socialt kapital samt tematisk analys har litteraturen analyserats. Resultatet visar att storskaliga land grabbing i Etiopien har en direkt påverkan på den lokala befolkningens försörjningsmöjligheter som undermineras genom förluster av mark samt tillgång till mark och viktiga naturresurser. Studien visar även att de utländska markinvesteringarnas hantering och produktion av bland annat kaffe, biobränsle, gruvdrift vidare har en negativ påverkan på miljön, biologisk mångfald och det lokala ekosystemet. Detta har resulterat i en matosäkerhet och socioekonomisk utsatthet bland befolkningen. Studien visar också att lokalbefolkningen inte inkluderas i beslutsfattande som rör deras mark och att de oftast inte får tillräcklig kompensation/ersättning för förlust av mark eller andra tillgångar, vilket tyder på brott mot mänskliga rättigheter. / After the financial crisis of 2007–2008, agricultural land became an attractive investment opportunity, which meant that many foreign companies, states, or private investors acquired large-scale land areas. This phenomenon, called land grabbing, is particularly prevalent in developing countries and the global south. Despite claims that such investment can contribute to development and opportunity in poorer countries, research shows it has the opposite effect. The purpose of this work is to conduct a literature study to investigate the consequences of land grabbing in Ethiopia. A qualitative research strategy consisting of a literature study has been used. The data was analyzed by using aspects of the livelihood approach such as natural capital, physical capital, human capital, financial capital, and social capital as well as a thematic analysis. The results show that large-scale land grabbing in Ethiopia has a direct impact on the livelihood of the local population, which is undermined through losses of land and access to land and important natural resources. The study also shows that the foreign land investments' management and production of, among other things, coffee, biofuel, and mining also harm the environment, biological diversity, and the local ecosystem. This has resulted in food insecurity and socioeconomic vulnerability among the population. Furthermore, the study also shows that local people are not included in decision-making concerning their land and they often do not receive sufficient compensation for the loss of land or other assets, which indicates violations of human rights.

Thesis (M.A. Agricultural Science (Agricultural Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2019 / Livelihood diversification in South Africa has become the backbone for many of the households‟ in rural areas and it is perceived as a strategy to cope with the growing population and the rapidly increasing poverty rate. A sizeable number of rural households in South Africa work two or more jobs to generate more income. This serves as a strategy to alleviate their poverty. In spite of these, it is evident that poverty and high rate of unemployment are still prevalent in the rural Capricorn District. Thus, this study examined the nexus between poverty and diversification of livelihoods and to ascertain whether the different livelihood diversification strategies engaged in make rural households better-off or worse-off in the study area. A multistage and simple random sampling technique was employed to collect data from a sample of 216 respondents. Analytical techniques employed were descriptive statistics, FGT Poverty Index and the Probit Regression Model. Nine variables were included as explanatory variables in the Probit Regression and only six variables (gender of the respondents, marital status of the respondents, years of formal education, household size, livelihood index and member of association) were found to be significant at 10%, 5%, 1%, 10%,1% and 5%, respectively. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the diversification of livelihood strategies needs to be strengthened among rural households, investment in formal and vocational training should be intensified to increase rural households‟ participation in more viable livelihood options in the study area.